共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
水下基准位置的精确测量是水声高精度定位标定系统的关键技术,它的方位精度直接影响到水声定位系统定位误差的计量。文章详细分析了水下基准安装柱扰曲形变、GPS定位误差、罗经测向误差、纵倾横摇角测量误差对高精度定位标定系统水下基准位置的影响,为工程应用上的误差控制提供了一定的理论支持。 相似文献
5.
本文以Fluent多重滑移网格技术对带缆水下机器人系统进行路径跟踪的仿真计算,将收放缆反馈控制与PID算法调节螺旋桨转速的双重控制策略应用于带缆水下机器人系统,并对带缆水下机器人系统升沉运动的控制误差、螺旋桨推力与转速之间的关系、缆绳系统的张力特性以及水下机器人的水动力响应做了分析。文中数值模拟结果表明,双重控制策略下,带缆水下机器人路径跟踪的控制运动较为精确,其升沉运动位移最大误差约为0.2 m;螺旋桨的转速与推力呈正相关性,转速越大,推力也越大;水下机器人沿预定轨迹运动过程中,缆绳系统张力呈现周期性震荡的变化规律,机器人主体受到的水动力荷载与多种因素相关。 相似文献
6.
针对水下机器人-机械手一体系统需要快速、准确实现预定轨迹跟踪以实现作业的要求,提出一种基于指数趋近律的滑模变结构控制方法,以期提高系统的响应速度与控制精度,并减小系统抖振,实现对系统运动轨迹的控制。为此本文首先建立水下机器人-机械手系统整体动力学模型,并基于指数趋近律和滑模变结构控制建立系统的控制器,通过李雅普诺夫稳定性理论对控制系统的稳定性进行验证。然后在Matlab环境中对水下机器人-机械手系统进行轨迹跟踪控制仿真。仿真结果表明,建立的滑模控制系统响应快,控制误差小,能够有效地实现水下机器人-机械手系统的运动轨迹控制。 相似文献
7.
《舰船科学技术》2017,(12)
传统的水下无人潜航器路径控制方法,在联网状态下,一直存在控制精度低、误差大,效率不好的问题,提出基于NURBS曲线拟合法的水下无人潜航器的路径控制方法。该方法采用传感器或者摄像机来侦测静态和动态障碍物,建立水下无人潜航器运动学模型,并获取其最小化rob路径长度的目标函数,分析潜航器所受约束情况。在此基础上,根据基本流体力学,确定潜航器所受阻力,引入滤波函数进行平滑处理,采用NURBS曲线拟合法,对水下无人潜航器路径进行控制。实验对比结果表明,采用改进的控制方法,在水下无人潜航器路径控制方面,其控制所需时间及精度均要优于传统的方法,具有一定的实用性。 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
针对多自主式水下航行器轨迹跟踪控制中的不确定性问题,研究多自主式水下航行器轨迹精准跟踪控制方法。构建基于灰色预测的轨迹精准跟踪控制模型,利用灰色预测模型预测航行器航向角,构建一元多项式回归模型,拟合航行器初始航向角同预测航向角间的残差,优化灰色预测模型,提升航行器航向角预测精度。将航向角预测结果代入PID控制器内,通过计算航向角控制率确定位置误差、速度误差与加速度误差,通过控制上述误差实现航行器轨迹准确跟踪控制。实验结果显示该方法可在航行器不同运动特性下准确跟踪轨迹,并具有较好的控制效果。 相似文献
11.
半圆形防波堤具有稳定性高、结构简单、便于施工等优点。以往对其进行可靠度计算时,根据波高与周期,计算防波堤受到的荷载作用,将荷载作为随机变量,估计其概率分布模型,建立显式的极限状态方程,再进行求解。计算得到的波浪荷载序列对于最优分布线型的离散程度较差。采用基于隐式功能函数的防波堤可靠度分析方法,将波高和周期作为随机变量,无需计算波浪荷载这一中间序列,规避了误差的产生,简化了计算流程。分别采用隐式与显式两种方法对半圆形防波堤进行了可靠性分析。结果表明,两种方法得出的可靠度指标存在差异,这种差异是由于波浪荷载拟合时所产生的误差造成的。 相似文献
12.
人的失误模型在船舶溢油事故应急中的应用分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
船舶交通事故问题的预测一直是业内研究人员十分重视的研究课题。分别采用回归预测法、时间序列预测法、灰色理论预测法和贝叶斯统计预测法等不同方法,结合国内某港引航站近十多年来船舶引航总量和事故的实际情况,进行了比较分析和对未来情况予以预测。着重就贝叶斯方法在港口船舶引航风险预测中的运用进行了探讨。结论证明贝叶斯估计方法得到的结果具有良好的预测效果。 相似文献
13.
14.
在捷联惯导系统中,惯性器件的确定性误差是系统误差的主要原因之一。为了提高惯导系统的输出精度,必须对这一误差加以补偿。以美国Crossbow公司开发的IMU440惯性测量单元为对象进行了快速标定实验,建立了陀螺仪和加速度计的误差模型方程,提出了用于辨识陀螺仪和加速度计误差模型参数的速率和位置标定法,根据两种标定方法得到了IMU440惯性测量单元的误差模型,最后对误差模型进行了校验。实验结果表明,误差补偿后的惯性器件输出值可以很好地接近理想输出值,大大降低了捷联惯导系统的输出误差。 相似文献
15.
舰用高精度激光陀螺惯导内杆臂误差分析及补偿方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对于高精度激光陀螺旋转惯导系统,大部分惯性器件误差都能够通过惯性测量单元( IMU)旋转而调制掉,内杆臂误差不仅不能够被调制掉,反而因为 IMU旋转将误差引入到系统对准和导航过程中。基于此,本文对内杆臂误差进行分析与建模,推导内杆臂误差与导航速度误差之间的数学表达式,通过分析确定内杆臂长度和振动频率是影响内杆臂误差的2个因素,并提出基于内杆臂长度的误差补偿方法。最后,通过试验对内杆臂误差模型和补偿方法进行了验证。 相似文献
16.
LIU Jian-feng YUAN Gan-nan ZHAO Lei ZHAO Shi-jun School of Automation Harbin Engineering University Harbin China 《船舶与海洋工程学报》2003,2(2):46-52
In this paper, a photoelectric signal obtained scheme via equator triangle pattern engraved on rotor is discussed and the mathematic model is deduced in the case which is deflexion between rotor axis and the coordinate frame of case. The deflexion error and coupling error under the situation are analyzed. Finally, three methods of engraving based on the spherical triangle pattern are presented. The error models of various methods are built up and the simulation curves are provided respectively. We have done the primary experiments on the surface of rotor using this method. It can be seen from the enlarged figures that the rim of the pattern is smooth and the demand of sensor resolution is satisfied by and large. The results of study supply reference for signal obtaining. 相似文献
17.
《船舶与海洋工程学报》2017,(3)
In this study, we propose the use of the Degree of Alignment(DOA) in engineering applications for evaluating the precision of and identifying the transfer alignment on a moving base. First, we derive the statistical formula on the basis of estimations. Next, we design a scheme for evaluating the transfer alignment on a moving base, for which the attitude error cannot be directly measured. Then, we build a mathematic estimation model and discuss Fixed Point Smoothing(FPS), Returns to Scale(RTS), Inverted Sequence Recursive Estimation(ISRE), and Kalman filter estimation methods, which can be used when evaluating alignment accuracy. Our theoretical calculations and simulated analyses show that the DOA reflects not only the alignment time and accuracy but also differences in the maneuver schemes, and is suitable for use as an integrated evaluation index. Furthermore, all four of these algorithms can be used to identify the transfer alignment and evaluate its accuracy. We recommend RTS in particular for engineering applications. Generalized DOAs should be calculated according to the tactical requirements. 相似文献
18.
19.
A new data assimilation method for ocean waves is presented, based on an efficient low-rank approximation to the Kalman filter. Both the extended Kalman filter and a truncated second-order filter are implemented. In order to explicitly estimate past wind corrections based on current wave measurements, the filter is extended to a fixed-lag Kalman smoother for the wind fields. The filter is tested in a number of synthetic experiments with simple geometries. Propagation experiments with errors in the boundary condition showed that the KF was able to accurately propagate forecast errors, resulting in spatially varying error correlations, which would be impossible to model with time-independent assimilation methods like OI. An explicit comparison with an OI assimilation scheme showed that the KF also is superior in estimating the sea state at some distance from the observations. In experiments with errors in the driving wind, the modeled error estimates were also in agreement with the actual forecast errors. The bias in the state estimate, which is introduced through the nonlinear dependence of the waves on the driving wind field, was largely removed by the second-order filter, even without actually assimilating data. Assimilation of wave observations resulted in an improved wave analysis and in correction of past wind fields. The accuracy of this wind correction depends strongly on the actual place and time of wave generation, which is correctly modeled by the error estimate supplied by the Kalman filter. In summary, the KF approach is shown to be a reliable assimilation scheme in these simple experiments, and has the advantage over other assimilation methods that it supplies explicit dynamical error estimates. 相似文献