基于多胞结构的车身前端轻量化和耐撞性设计

为满足车身轻量化和耐撞性设计的要求,采用材料替换与结构改进相结合的方法对前端进行优化。基于试验验证的整车正面碰撞模型,建立了铝制前端模型并与钢制设计方案进行了耐撞性对比。为提高铝制前端耐撞性能,设计了不同胞数的多胞构型截面,并在三点弯曲和轴向压溃工况下分析其吸能特性。运用多目标优化方法对多胞前端的结构参数进行寻优。结果表明,优化后的铝制多胞结构能在改善整车耐撞性的同时,显著减轻前端质量。     

基于隐式参数化模型的车身结构优化设计

引入隐式参数化模型的概念,并结合有限元网格自动生成技术,对车身模型各项特性参数进行有效设置,可实现运算过程无须人工干预的优化循环,对车身结构进行形状与拓扑优化。以某车型为例,对前保险杠与碰撞盒组成的系统结构进行了基于耐撞性能的优化。优化后结构对于增强车身耐撞性效果明显。     

面向车身前部结构轻量化的试验设计方法研究

针对车身结构耐撞性能响应具有强非线性的特点,以某车身前部结构轻量化为例,在利用支持向量回归建立近似模型阶段,分析比较了3种常用的试验设计方法对模型精度的影响.结果表明,将均匀设计与支持向量回归相结合最适合耐撞性能近似模型的构造.基于所得最优近似模型进行车身前部结构的优化设计,在保证耐撞性能的前提下,达到减重2.61 kg、实现6.51%轻量化的效果.     

乘用车前保险杠系统耐撞性分析与优化

针对行人保护柔性腿型(Flex-PLI)、RCAR低速碰撞、高速偏置碰撞3种工况,采用有限元建模方法,对某车型前保险杠系统进行耐撞性仿真分析,分析表明该车前保险杠系统不能满足碰撞安全性要求。以前保险杠系统主要结构参数为变量进行正交试验设计,利用综合分析法对前保险杠结构进行优化匹配。在结构优化的基础上,以厚度为变量利用响应面和多目标遗传算法对前保险杠系统的安全性能和质量进行了进一步优化,其整体耐撞性能得到提升。     

基于Kriging模型的车身耐撞性优化设计

采用最优拉丁方法进行试验设计,基于Kriging模型建立汽车耐撞性评价指标的替代模型,然后利用替代模型建立耐撞性优化的数学模型并进行耐撞性优化。结果表明,基于Kriging的替代模型的拟合精度较高,采用该模型进行的优化可提高汽车的耐撞性。     

考虑材料变形路径及应变率的车身前端吸能结构优化

为了研究不同厚度及强度的高强度钢板对车辆正面碰撞性能的影响,以车身前端主要吸能结构的比吸能最大化为目标,构件的材料和厚度为设计变量,并考虑材料的变形路径和应变率效应,通过试验设计、近似模型与自适应响应面法相结合进行优化,得到了高强度钢板最优的匹配方案.优化后降低了车辆加速度和制动踏板侵入量等乘员伤害指标,提高了车体结构的耐撞性.本研究同时验证了基于自适应响应面法进行优化的可行性.     

轿车车门防撞杆结构优化的研究

为研究侧面碰撞中轿车车门防撞杆的耐撞性能,基于响应面法和试验设计,利用子结构模型,以质量最轻为目标,耐挤压力≥95kN为约束,分别对圆环、帽形和矩形3种不同截面的车门防撞杆的截面参数进行优化.结果表明,帽形截面的防撞杆质量最轻,耐挤压力最大,被选为最终设计.     

基于正交试验设计的薄壁结构耐撞性优化设计

为了提高薄壁结构的耐撞性能,本文提出了一种高效的设计方法:。利用二次回归正交组合试验设计方案来选取设计点,在设计点处用有限元法代替传统试验来获取试验数据。然后通过最小二乘法建立了刚性墙最大位移、撞击力峰值和总质量的高精度响应面。综合考虑厚度的变化范围、安全性和轻量化要求,运用可行方向法对建立的响应面进行优化计算,得到了一组最优值。结果:表明本文的设计方法:具有很高的精度和计算效率,实现了提高薄壁结构耐撞性的目的:。同时也为车身复杂结构(如前纵梁、吸能盒等)的耐撞性设计提供理论依据和参考方法:。     

内高压碰撞吸能盒的耐撞性能开发

以某A级车前碰撞吸能盒为研究对象,通过仿真优化、总成试验、台车试验、整车试验的耐撞性能开发流程,实现内高压吸能盒的耐撞性能开发和验证。在保证结构更改对耐撞性能、约束系统性能影响尽可能小的前提下,进行了吸能盒等安全部件的性能开发。结果表明,与原有冲焊结构相比,内高压结构的变形一致性更高,质量降低3%,成本降低4.2%,RCAR工况下总成吸能增加26.7%,具有较好的综合性能优势。     

基于子结构拓扑优化的大客车耐撞性改进

提出了一种基于子结构拓扑优化的大客车车身骨架耐撞性改进设计方法。首先通过测试和仿真进行某承载式大客车耐撞性评价,分析车身结构变形的症结;提取前端驾驶区骨架为子结构,以其碰撞吸能量相同为等效条件,进行子结构耐撞性分析与改进;接着为控制子结构的局部失稳变形,以吸能盒碰撞力峰值为载荷条件,进行子结构空间区域拓扑优化,完成8组改进方案的对比分析,选取质量最轻的达标方案进行台车实验验证;最后将该方案导入整车结构中进行耐撞性改进验证。结果表明:整车的耐撞性得到有效提高。     

汽车结构耐撞性设计与优化研究综述

汽车的碰撞安全问题是汽车行业一直重点关注的问题之一,开展汽车结构的耐撞性设计已成为提升车辆碰撞安全性的重要手段。文章对国内外汽车结构耐撞性设计与优化的研究成果进行回顾与总结,鉴于碰撞过程的强非线性与众多设计准则相互耦合等特性,重点对近似多目标耐撞性优化方法及其应用进行综述,并分析存在的问题和进一步深入研究的方向。     

基于参数化白车身的前纵梁响应面优化设计

以前纵梁为研究对象,基于SFE Concept参数化白车身模型,对正面100%刚性墙碰撞下的整车耐撞性能进行数值模拟和优化设计。文中引入"分析驱动设计"的理念,综合考虑有效加速度、效率、侵入量等多个评价指标,对纵梁的截面、厚度、长度等参数进行DOE实验设计并建立数学模型,总结各设计变量对碰撞性能的影响规律,最终得到纵梁的最优化设计,提高了整车的耐碰撞性能。     

Comparison of the optimum designs of center pillar assembly of an auto-body between conventional steel and ahss with a simplified side impact analysis

This study compares the optimum designs of center pillar assembly with advanced high-strength steel (AHSS) to that of conventional steel for crashworthiness and weight reduction in side impacts. A simplified side impact analysis method was used to simulate the crash behavior of the center pillar assembly with efficient computing time. Thickness optimization aims to perform an S-shaped deformation of the center pillar toward the cabin to reduce the injury level of a driver in a crash test. Center pillar members were regarded as an assembly of parts that are fabricated with tailor-welded blanks, and the thickness of each part was selected as a design variable. The thickness variables of parts that have significant effects on the deformation mechanism were extracted as the main design variables for thickness optimization based on the results of a sensitivity analysis with design of experiments. The optimization condition was constructed to induce an S-shaped deformation mode and reduce the weight of the center pillar assembly. An optimum design was obtained after several iterations with response surface methodology (RSM). Optimization was first performed with conventional steel and then with AHSS with the same procedure to optimize the crashworthiness of the center pillar assembly. After thickness optimization, optimum designs were applied to the full vehicle analysis to evaluate the validity of the optimization scheme with the simplified side impact analysis method. Then, the crashworthiness of optimum designs with conventional steel and AHSS were compared using the full vehicle analysis. This comparison demonstrates that AHSS can be more effectively utilized than conventional steel to obtain a lightweight design of an auto-body with enhanced crashworthiness.     

基于响应面和kriging代理模型的汽车B柱优化设计

为保证B柱耐撞性,同时减轻其质量以实现汽车轻量化,对某轿车B柱侧面碰撞进行了有限元分析.针对B柱外板、内板和两加强板厚度,设计了L16(45)正交试验,并由此进行仿真,得到胸部和腹部侵入量与侵入速度的数学代理模型.应用序列二次规划对B柱各板厚度进行优化,可知B柱质量减轻11.6％,在兼顾耐撞性的同时实现了汽车轻量化.     

基于熵权TOPSIS法的CFRP防撞梁轻量化研究

碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)具有轻质高强的特点,本文中基于抗撞性要求将某乘用车保险杠原钢制防撞梁替换为CFRP,并进行铺层优化设计。首先对CFRP层合板进行力学性能试验以获得材料参数,并通过三点弯曲仿真试验验证其准确性,然后根据等刚度设计原理,确定CFRP防撞梁的厚度,并通过保险杠低速碰撞有限元仿真对比分析两种材料防撞梁的抗撞性能。在此基础上,以质量、比吸能、最大侵入量和碰撞力峰值为目标,采用熵权TOPSIS方法对CFRP防撞梁进行铺层优化,确定出最优铺层方案。结果表明,在保证抗撞性能要求的条件下,优化后的CFRP防撞梁比原钢制防撞梁减轻了76.82%。     

Parallel computing with domain decomposition for the vehicle crashworthiness simulation

The research presented in the paper deals with explicit nonlinear finite element calculation with domain decomposition for vehicle crashworthiness simulation. This is very important for vehicle design. Parallel computing is an efficient solution method to speedup and enhance the solving ability of large-scale numerical simulation. In this paper, a cost-effective domain decomposition method based on contact balance is presented, and the algorithm flowchart including contact computing is provided, and the parallel computing process and communication overhead are analyzed. Furthermore, scalability of the parallel computing method on different hardware platforms, the SGI Onyx 3800 and the ShenWei cluster, is studied. Finally, the effect of different domain decomposition strategy on vehicle crashworthiness simulation computing efficiency is presented. To end users, the research results should provide a reference for vehicle design and choosing appropriate hardware platform and computing software.     

轿车车身结构侧向耐撞性的有限元分析

以国内某新型轿车为对象,基于有限元分析方法,系统地研究了侧面碰撞的整车建模技术、移动壁障建模技术、仿真计算方法和结构耐撞性分析方法。实验结果验证了整车模型的有效性。侧向耐撞性分析以结构变形响应特性为主,包括结构变形能、变形量、变形速度等,运用碰撞响应时序图综合分析了碰撞力、假人损伤和结构变形等多项响应之间的相互关系。总结形成一套适合于轿车侧向耐撞性分析与设计验证的CAE技术流程。     

Parallel computing with domain decomposition for the vehicle crashworthiness simulation

The research presented in the paper deals with explicit nonlinear finite element calculation with domain decomposition for vehicle crashworthiness simulation. This is very important for vehicle design. Parallel computing is an efficient solution method to speedup and enhance the solving ability of large-scale numerical simulation. In this paper, a cost-effective domain decomposition method based on contact balance is presented, and the algorithm flowchart including contact computing is provided, and the parallel computing process and communication overhead are analyzed. Furthermore, scalability of the parallel computing method on different hardware platforms, the SGI Onyx 3800 and the ShenWei cluster, is studied. Finally, the effect of different domain decomposition strategy on vehicle crashworthiness simulation computing efficiency is presented. To end users, the research results should provide a reference for vehicle design and choosing appropriate hardware platform and computing software.     

田口鲁棒设计方法在汽车耐撞性优化中的应用

将田口鲁棒设计方法和稳健性理论与试验设计相结合,应用于某微型客车的前端大梁组件结构的设 计,通过与仅靠试验设计得出结果的对比分析,表明该方法不仅实现了对整车耐撞性的优化,同时提高了设计变量的稳健性,具有较强的工程实用性.