斜射Rayleigh面波在粘弹性界面上的反射和透射

研究了由相同或不同材料所构成的两个四分之一空间的粘弹性界面上斜射Ｒａｙｌｅｉｇｈ面波的反射与透射。界面的力学性质用一薄粘弹性层表示，通过空间格林函数方法，将三维问题化为二维问题处理，导出了求解该问题的奇异积分方程，采用边界元法进行数值求解，得到了反射系数Ｒ与透射系数Ｔ，结果用弹性常数的可选值、界面参数Ｒａｙｌｅｉｇｈ面波的入射角表示。     

柔性透水结构对波浪的透射

采用线性速度势理论，对入射波经由无限长，常水深，平底渠道中柔性透水结构时，波浪 的透射特性进行了研究，得到了透射系数及透水结构两侧波形的表达式。     

一维准周期光子晶体透射谱特性研究

利用传输矩阵法.分别计算了RHM-RHM和RHM-LHM型一维周期和准周期光子晶体在入射角分别是0°、10°、20°和30°时的透射谱.结果表明.在垂直入射的情况下.RHM-RHM一维准周期光子晶体的透射谱的禁带中心较相应的周期光子晶体禁带中心稍有红移,虽两者通带都有振荡,但前者的顶部不再等高,入射角越大,这些变化越明显.在入射角不大于20°时,RHM-LHM一维周期光子晶体具有良好的滤波性能,而准周期光子晶体的滤波性能不及周期光子晶体,但在上述4个入射角的情况下,入射角为10°时,准周期光子晶体的滤波性能最好.     

磁性边界反射特性的研究

为了进一步研究磁性媒质天线罩的传输特性，对平面波在空气与磁性媒质边界上的反射特性进行了理论探讨,通过改变磁性媒质参数，分析了边界上功率反射系数和反射系数相位与平面波入射角的关系，并讨论了媒质磁性对功率反射系数和反射系数相位的影响，结果表明，当磁性媒质的相对复介电常数和相对复磁导率相等时，通过空气与磁性媒质边界的平面波不存在退极化效应。     

探地雷达的时域有限差分模型

正弦和余弦变换把三维问题转化为二维问题。透射边界条件消除从区域边界的反射，采用超吸收技术改善透射边界条件的后期不稳定性。把这一理论应用于探地雷达模型，得到了很满意的结果。     

浅埋圆形复合式衬砌隧道动应力响应研究

为了分析浅埋复合式衬砌隧道动力响应特性,基于Fourier-Besselh级数展开法,给出了半无限空间内平面SV波入射下浅埋圆形复合式衬砌隧道动应力集中系数级数解析解,分析了SV波入射角和入射频率参数对衬砌动应力集中系数的影响,研究表明:在SV波入射下,双层衬砌隧道二次衬砌的动应力集中系数幅值大于初衬值;在隧道外部敷设减震层后,由于减震层剪切刚度较低,隧道动应力特性发生明显改变,当低频入射频率参数为0.25,入射波垂直入射时,设减震层可以降低衬砌动应力集中系数20%;SV波入射角度和入射频率参数对衬砌动应力集中系数有显著影响,随着入射角和入射频率参数增大,衬砌动应力系数幅值和分布越来越复杂.      

无限地基的数值模拟

介绍了一种利用粘-弹性边界模拟波向无穷远辐射的具有无穷边界问题的计算方法，粘-弹性人工边界不仅考虑了对散波能量的吸收，还能模拟半无限地基的弹性恢复能力。数值计算结果表明:粘－弹性边界精度高于粘性边界，并且具有较好的稳定性。     

发动机异响的人工经验诊断

发动机异响的人工经验诊断，是在发动机不解体或局部解体的情况下，借助简单的工具，用耳听、眼看、手摸，凭经验判断的一种检验方法，也是现实维修中常用的方法。     

基于改进人工势场法的车辆路径规划与跟踪控制

针对采用传统人工势场法进行车辆路径规划时易造成局部极小值与目标不可达的问题,通过改变斥力函数并增加车道边界约束条件函数的方式改进传统人工势场法,进行车辆路径规划。采用模型预测控制(model predictive control, MPC)算法跟踪控制改进人工势场法生成的规划路径,采用软件CarSim与Simulink搭建联合仿真模型对路径跟踪效果进行仿真试验。结果表明：改进人工势场法路径规划合理有效;跟踪路径与规划路径的横向误差小于0.4 m。改进人工势场法和MPC算法应用于无人驾驶车辆的路径规划与跟踪控制具有可行性。     

基于LES的跨海桥梁施工期围堰波流力数值模拟

跨海大桥基础施工可能面临水深、浪大和流急等恶劣海况，波流力甚至可能成为围堰施工的主要控制荷载. 为研究跨海桥梁施工期围堰波流力，采用垂向多层σ坐标变换模型追踪三维波流自由液面，添加浸没边界法（IBM）处理不规则结构物界面，建立了基于LES的三维波流与结构物相互作用的数值模型，利用所建立并验证的三维数值模型模拟不同长宽比的矩形围堰与斜向波流的相互作用. 分析结果表明:所建立的三维数值模型能够较好地模拟矩形结构波流力；长宽比为1.0时，由于结构的对称性，波流入射角对围堰总波流力影响很小，增幅均在5%以内；随着长宽比的增加，波流入射角对围堰总波流力的影响增大；如长宽比为2.0时，波流沿纵桥向入射时（90°）结构的总波流力约为沿横桥向入射时（0°）总波流力的2.48倍. 与纯波情况相比，矩形围堰波流力普遍比纯波力偏大，但入射角对结构纯波力或波流力的影响系数较为接近.      

三维波浪作用下大直径圆柱绕流的数值模拟

为探讨三维波浪与结构物的相互作用,以两相流概念、大涡模拟的不可压缩粘性流体运动方程和自由水面追踪分段线性近似的流体体积(VOF)法为基础,建立了三维波浪与结构物相互作用的数学模型;对三维波浪作用下大直径圆柱绕流进行了数值模拟,用两步边界定位法和虚拟边界力法确定波浪与结构物接触面.结果表明:大直径圆柱绕流系数的数值计算结果与理论解吻合,所建立的数学模型能够很好地模拟三维波浪与结构物的相互作用.     

改进透射边界条件的新方法

在时域有限差分方法中，吸收边界条件的吸收特性直接影响到时域有限差分的结果。本文提出了两种改善透射边界条件的方法，多层反射损耗方法和超吸收方法。     

Separation method of bi-directional reflected waves and oblique incident regular waves

Wave reflection is one of the key problems affecting wave simulation quality in ocean engineering basin. The deep ocean engineering basin is equipped with two-sided segmented wavemakers and two wave absorbing beaches, which are located opposite to wave generators to reduce wave reflection effects. When an oblique longcrested wave is made by two-sided segmented wavemakers in a wave basin, two bi-directional reflected waves with the same azimuth but opposite propagation directions are generated. According to this feature, based on the two-point approach developed by Goda, a method to separate an incident regular wave from two bi-directional reflected waves using three wave gauges is proposed. The validity of this method is proved by numerical composite waves. The results indicate that the method can separate incident wave from reflected waves effectively. The method can be used to determine the reflection coefficient and verify the capacity of wave absorbing beaches in deep ocean engineering basin.     

Dynamic Stress and Pore Pressure Around Circular Cavity in Saturated Porous Elastic Half-space Under Harmonic Plane Dilatational Waves

Dynamic stress concentration and pore pressure concentration around an infinitely long cylindrical cavity of circular cross-section subjected to harmonic plane dilatational waves in fluid-saturated porous elastic half-space were obtained by a complex function method based on potential function and multi-polar coordinate. The steady state Biot‘s dynamic field equations of porous elastic solid with a viscous liquid were uncoupled into Helmholtz equations via given potential functions. A circular cavity with large radius is used to replace the straight boundary of the saturated porous elastic half-space. The stresses and pore pressures were obtained by using complex functions in multi-polar coordinates with certain boundary conditions of the solid matrix and the fluid matrix. The approximate solutions were compared to existing numerical solutions. Then the variations of the coefficients of dynamic stress concentration and the pore pressures concentration on boundaries of the cavity were discussed with different parameter conditions. The results of the given numerical example indicate that the method used is useful and efficient to the scattering and dynamic stress concentration of plane dilatational waves in saturated porous elastic half-space.     

地震动入射角对空心薄壁高墩桥梁地震易损性的影响

为了充分评估空心薄壁高墩大跨桥梁结构的抗震性能, 以中国西部某四跨高墩刚构-连续组合体系桥梁作为研究对象, 基于三维地震易损性分析方法, 计入竖向地震动的影响, 结合现行桥梁抗震设计规范, 采用增量动力分析方法讨论了水平地震动入射角对桥梁构件地震易损性的影响; 依据一阶可靠度理论分析了地震动入射角对桥梁结构系统易损性的影响规律。研究结果表明: 2#、3#刚构桥墩的弯曲和剪切易损性云图与1#、4#悬臂墩的弯曲和剪切易损性云图差异明显, 桥墩弯曲和剪切的地震易损性不仅与地震动入射角有关, 还与桥墩结构形式有关; 支座在轻微损伤、中度损伤、重度损伤及完全损伤状态下的损伤概率分布相似, 地面峰值加速度为0.4g时, 最大损伤概率的地震动入射角为0°和180°, 当地面峰值加速度大于0.6g时, 轻微损伤和中度损伤的最不利入射角为0~180°, 支座变形的最不利地震动输入方向主要为纵桥向和横桥向。由此可见, 各关键构件的不同损伤指标下的损伤概率随地震强度、方向变化的规律各不相同; 不同损伤指标下系统及各构件的最不利地震动入射角及其区间数量和范围也各不相同; 仅讨论纵桥向或横桥向构件地震易损性不能合理评估桥梁结构的实际抗震需求, 采用三维地震易损性分析方法能准确定位最不利地震动入射角, 实现高墩大跨桥梁结构抗震性能的准确评估。      

Experimental study on performance of combined cambered-type wave absorbing beach

Wave simulation performance and its quality are key factors to reflect the overall capacity and level of an ocean engineering basin. They include wave simulating and absorbing capacity of reflected waves. In order to reduce the influence of reflected waves, various wave absorbing devices are equipped in ocean engineering basins across the world. The experimental investigation into the performance of combined cambered-type wave absorbing beach (CCTWAB) with damping bars equipped in Deepwater Offshore Basin is conducted. The experiment adopts the two-point method. The reflection coefficients are calculated by the method, in which the incident and reflected waves can be separated from the physically simulated composite waves with different periods and wave heights in the time domain. The experimental results indicate that in the range of normal wave heights and periods for model tests, the CCTWAB with damping bars is excellent in eliminating the reflected waves.     

Influences on the spatial directivity of acoustic vector sensor by finite cylinder baffle and future prospects about eliminating the effects

The directivity of acoustic vector sensor can be distorted by the sound diffraction wave of baffle. According to Helmholtz integral equation, the directivity of acoustic vector sensor under the condition of finite cylinder baffle is calculated by using boundary element method (BEM). Considering the problem of nearly singular integrals of BEM, the exponent parts of fundamental solutions are expanded in trigonometric functions. The singular and the nonsingular parts are separated: the nonsingular parts are calculated by Gaussian integral method; the singular parts are regularized by subsection integral method. Then the surface integrals are reduced into line integrals along the elements?? contour which can be calculated by Gaussian integral method. The sound diffraction field of a plane wave under the condition of finite cylinder baffle at different frequencies and incident angles is calculated, and the characteristics of directivity of pressure and vibration velocity at different frequencies are analyzed. The experimental data are treated and the errors between the experimental and theoretical results are analyzed. Finally, according to the research results about the influences on the directivity of acoustic vector sensor by baffle at present, some future prospects about eliminating the effects of sound diffraction field by baffle are presented.