EFFECTS OF NERVE GROWTH FACTOR ON ENDOTHELIN AFTER SPINAL CORD INJURY IN RATS

Ｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆｍｅｄｉｃｉｎｅ ,ｓｐｉｎａｌｃｏｒｄｉｎｊｕｒｙ (ＳＣＩ)ｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｄａｎｇｅｒｏｕｓｆａｃｔｏｒｆｏｒｔｈｅｈｅａｌｔｈ .ＢｕｔｎｅｒｖｅｇｒｏｗｔｈｆａｃｔｏｒｍａｙｂｅｔｈｅｈｏｐｅｏｆｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｆｏｒＳＣＩ .Ｗｅｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｄｔｈｅｃｈａｎｇｅｓｏｆｅｎ ｄｏｔｈｅｌｉｎ(ＥＴ)ｓｅｒｕｍｌｅｖｅｌａｆｔｅｒｔｈｅｉｎｊｕｒｙｏｆｓｐｉｎａｌｃｏｒｄ ,ｔｈｅｒｅｓｕｌｔｓｗｅｒｅｒｅｐｏｒｔｅｄｈｅｒｅｔｏｉｎｖｅｓｔｉ…     

FOS EXPRESSION IN LUMBARSACRAL SPINAL CORD AND MEDULLA OBLONGATA INDUCED BY CHRONIC COLONIC INFLAMMATION IN RATS

Irritablebowelsyndrome(IBS)isacommon functionalgastrointestinaldisorderinpopulations.RecentstudieshaveshownthatpersistentIBSsymp tomsdevelopedinbetween7%and31%ofsubjects afterinfectiousgastroenteritisandtransientinflam mationenteritis[1].Thisassociationis…     

APOPTOSIS AFTER SPINAL CORD INJURY IN RATS

Traditionallythinking,themodeofneurondeathafterspinalcordinjuryisnecrosis.There-centstudiesshowthatapoptosismayplayaroleinthepathophysiologicalprocessofspinalcordin-jury"'-Inthisstudy,apoptosisinspinalcordin-juryinratswasobsevedandanalyzedinordertooffertheoreticalevidenceforpathogenesisofspinalcordinjury.MATERIALSANDMETHODS1Animalsurgeryandtissueprocessing36femaleSprague-Dawleyratsweighing25ol2Ogwererandomlydividedinto9groups,4ineachgroup.onegroupconsistedofnormalnon-operatedrats,inth…     

离体蟾蜍脊髓腹根反射的分级性反应

本实验共用蟾蜍50只,分级刺激其坐骨神经,观察离体脊髓腹根放电的变化。发现腹根反射(ventral root reflex response VRR)是由早成分和晚成分两部分构成。积分仪所测放电面积主要反映晚成分的变化,而后者主要由Aα,β,δ纤维兴奋所引起。观察VRR早成分幅值变化时发现VRR早成分主要是由Aα,β纤维兴奋所致。C类纤维未参与诱发VRR。用直流电阻断坐骨神经中A类纤维传导时VRR消失,药物阻滞C类纤维传导时对VRR无影响,进一步证明VRR主要是由A类纤维兴奋所引起。     

CORRELATION OF THE MAGNETIC MOTOR EVOKED POTENTIAL TECHNIQUE WITH PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH SPINAL CORD INJURY IN ADULT CATS

Ｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃｍｏｔｏｒｅｖｏｋｅｄｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌｉｓａｎｏｎ－ｉｎｖａｓｉｖｅｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｐｈｙｓｉｏｌｏｇｉｃｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅ,ｃｕｒｒｅｎｔｌｙｉｎｕｓｅ,ｉｎｔｈｅｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌｄｉａｇｎｏｓｉｓｏｆｔｈｅｅｘｔｅｎｔｏｆｓｐｉｎ...     

人和鼠脊髓中的P物质阳性结构—PAP法

本文用免疫组织化学技术,研究了人和大鼠脊髓内P物质阳性结构的分布。结果显示,在后角的Ⅰ～Ⅲ层和李氏束有密集的P物质免疫反应阳性神经纤维和终末,排列呈点线状或密网状,染为黄色、褐色或暗褐色。在中央管周围也有较密的P物质阳性纤维;而脊髓的腹侧角,这类阳性纤维较为稀疏。此外,在大鼠脊神经节中,我们观察到P物质免疫反应的阳性神经元胞体,属于小型细胞。     

激活多巴胺受体对大鼠脊髓背角Fos样蛋白生成的抑制作用

以免疫细胞化学ABC法，观察多巴胺受体激动剂和桔抗剂对伤害性电刺激大鼠单侧后爪诱发的同侧腰段脊髓背角Fos阳性神经元的影响。发现伤害性电刺激诱发的Fos阳性神经元，多数位于同侧背角浅层，排列密集，少数位于同侧背角深层，排列稀疏；腹腔注射多巴胺受体激动剂使同侧背角浅层和深层的Fos阳性神经元显著减少，而多巴胺二型受体拮抗剂能够完全阻断多巴胺受体激动剂的抑制作用。提示多巴胺受体参与脊髓水平伤害性信息传递的调控。     

细胞外ATP对大鼠脊髓损伤后运动功能恢复的影响

目的研究细胞外ATP对大鼠脊髓损伤后运动功能恢复的影响。方法健康成年Wistar大鼠20只,雌雄不限,体重280-320 g,平均300 g,制作成脊髓打击伤动物模型,并随机分为两组:A组(ATP组)和B组(对照组),每组10只。伤后1、3、7、14、28 d用改良的Tarlov评分、斜板试验观察大鼠运动功能的恢复情况。结果大鼠脊髓损伤后A组改良的Tarlov评分、斜板试验优于对照组,在14 d和28 d,改良的Tarlov评分、斜板试验A组明显优于B组(P<0.05)。结论细胞外ATP能促进大鼠脊髓损伤后运动功能的恢复。     

脊髓损伤后大鼠后肢运动功能恢复不同评分标准的比较

目的比较脊髓损伤(SCI)后大鼠后肢运动功能恢复的不同评分标准的优劣。方法40只SD成熟雌性大鼠随机分为正常组(Normal组)、急性脊髓中度损伤组(SCI组)及对照组(CON组),其中SCI组采用改良的Allen打击法,CON组仅行T10椎板切除术。术后1、2、3、4、6周观察大鼠后肢神经功能恢复的情况并记录结果。评价标准分别为:斜板试验评分、改良Tarlov评分及BBB评分。结果SCI组与CON组比较,斜板试验临界角度在1-6周时,均有所减小(P<0.05),尤以第1周时减少更甚(P<0.01);改良Tarlov评分第1、2、3、4周时,分值间的差别非常明显(P<0.01),第6周时,未见变化(P>0.05);而BBB评分各时间点的区分程度非常明显(P<0.01)。结论BBB评分对SCI模型运动功能评价具有明显优势,可作为今后研究的标准评分法。     

大鼠肌肉、内脏传入于脊髓背角会聚形式的类型分析

在观察刺激大鼠腓肠肌神经和膀胱神经分别所诱发背角神经元放电形式的基础上，对肌肉-内脏会聚神经元（Musculo－ViscusConvergentNeuron，MVCN）进行了归类分析。发现在165个被腓肠肌神经传入激活的神经元中，有25个亦能被膀胱神经传入激活，按对肌肉、内脏传入A和C类纤维的反应，可将MVCN分为Aαβ－C·C（n＝21）Aδ－C·C（n＝1）C·C（n＝2）Aαβδ－C·Aδ－C（n＝1）四型。提示，上述多种会聚形式可能是肌肉、内脏初级传入在脊髓水平对感觉传入（特别是痛觉）进行调制的基础，在痛与牵涉痛中发挥作用；同时也可能是躯体、内脏相关的基础之一。     

针刺与痛信息在清醒大鼠脊髓背角的投射——[~3H]-2-脱氧葡萄糖放射自显影研究

用[~3H]-2-脱氧葡萄糖相对定量的方法进一步证明了痛信息主要投射到同侧脊髓背角的Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ,Ⅴ、Ⅵ和Ⅹ层,针刺信息投射到同侧背角的Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ层,两者有相互重叠的层次投射,正是在这些部位,两种信息可能相互作用、在脊髓水平实现对痛觉的调制作用。     

微量元素锂对蟾蜍离体脊髓反射性反应的影响

实验以蟾蜍离体脊髓为模型,研究锂对中枢神经系统的作用,发现锂能增强刺激背根在腹根诱发的反射性电位(DR-VRR),且抑制刺激背根在邻近背根诱发的背根电位(DR-DRP);锂对蟾蜍离体脊髓作用的阈浓度在4mmol/L以下。用蔗糖间隙法记录脊髓背、腹根极化水平,发现锂能引起腹根去极化,且作用不被Mg~(++)阻断;锂也能引起背根去极化,但去极化能被Mg~(++)阻断;锂还能抑制背、腹根上的强直后超极化。锂作用的基本机理可能与Na~+-K~+泵的转运有关。     

The experimental observation on the repairing spinal cord injury by olfactory ensheathing cells allograft of different sources

Objecttive To observe the repaired effect of distinct source olfactory ensheathing cells （OECs） on spinal cord injury （SCI） rats. Methods These OECs were dissociated from olfactory bulb and olfactory mucosa of SD rats and transplanted to the injuried region of spinal cord injury rats. The function of nerve, motor evoked potential of hind legs and the histopathlogical diversities of injuried spinal cord were observed. Results The OECs grafts into the SCI area could survive longer time. The BBB scale, incubation stage of EP and histopathologic manifestations showed that the group with transplanted OECs regained more improvement in hindlimb than the control group. Conclusion The OECs of two sources have the same ability to regain and improve the axonal function which can promote axons regeneration of SCI.     

大鼠急性脊髓损伤中caspase-1的表达及意义

目的研究半胱氨酸天冬氨酸特异性蛋白酶-1(cysteinyl aspartate specific protease-1,caspase-1)在大鼠急性脊髓损伤后的表达及意义。方法取健康成熟SD大鼠36只,随机分为对照组和损伤组,各18只,每组再分8 h、3 d7、d共3个时间点,每个时间点6只。对照组仅做单纯T8、T9椎板切除术,损伤组则按Nystrom法建立大鼠急性脊髓损伤动物模型。HE染色观察脊髓组织病理学变化,免疫组化测定各时间点caspase-1的表达变化。结果对照组大鼠脊髓组织中少量细胞caspase-1表达阳性。脊髓损伤后8 h时,损伤组caspase-1表达高于对照组,3 d时表达最高,7 d时略有降低,但仍高于对照组。脊髓损伤组各时间点caspase-1表达阳性细胞数较对照组明显升高(P<0.01)。结论大鼠脊髓损伤后caspase-1的表达迅速增强,可能是导致脊髓继发性损伤的因素之一。     

TYPES OF CONVERGENT NEURONS OF DORSAL HORN IN THE SPINAL CORD FROM SOMATIC AND VISCERAL INPUTS IN SPINAL RATS

ＴＹＰＥＳＯＦＣＯＮＶＥＲＧＥＮＴＮＥＵＲＯＮＳＯＦＤＯＲＳＡＬＨＯＲＮＩＮＴＨＥＳＰＩＮＡＬＣＯＲＤＦＲＯＭＳＯＭＡＴＩＣＡＮＤＶＩＳＣＥＲＡＬＩＮＰＵＴＳＩＮＳＰＩＮＡＬＲＡＴＳ￥ＺｈｕＺｈｏｎｇｌｉａｎｇ（李忠良）；ＪｉａｎｇＳａｉｎａｎ（江赛...     

Protective effect of glutamine pretreatment on ischemia-reperfusion injury of spinal cord in rabbits

Objective To investigate the effect of glutamine (Gln) on the content of reduced glutathione hormone (GSH) and aminoglutaminic acid (Glu) of spinal cord following ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods Totally 40 healthy adult male rabbits were randomly divided into five groups: sham-operation group (S group), ischemia-reperfusion injury group (I/R group), low-dose glutamine group (L Gln group), median-dose glutamine group (M Gln group) and high-dose glutamine group (H Gln group). After glutamine preconditioning, the model of spinal cord ischemia-reporfasion injury was established according to Zivin's method. The general status of animals was observed and the changes of Jacobs scoring were recorded in each group. Malondialdehydes (MDA), GSH, Glu and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in lumbar spinal cord tissues were determined using chemical colorimetry. The neuron number and deviation rate in spinal cord anterior horn were observed histopathologically. Results There was no significant difference between L Gin group and I/R group in behavior scoring, SOD activity, content of MDA and Glu, neuron number and deviation rate of spinal cord (P>0.05); however, there was a significant difference in GSH content of spinal cord (P<0.05). M Gln group and I/R group differed significantly (P<0.05) in behavior scoring, SOD activity, content of MDA, Glu, GSH, neuron number and deviation rate of spinal cord. Between H Gln group and M Gln group, there was no significant difference in behavior scoring, content of MDA and Glu, SOD activity, neuron number and aberration rate in spinal cord (P>0.05), whereas there was a significant difference in SOD activity and Giu content (P<0.05). Conclusion Pretreatment with medium-dose glutamine has a protective effect on spinal cord ischemia-reporfasion injury in rabbits, which may be related to the maintenance of GSH content, increase of SOD activity and reduction of MDA.     

亚胺环己酮与甲基强的松龙治疗大鼠脊髓损伤的初步研究

目的　为脊髓损伤的临床药物治疗提供新的理论依据。方法　将 48只大鼠用 Allen法制成脊髓损伤模型 ,分别予以亚胺环己酮、甲基强的松龙、二药联合应用及不予治疗。观察动物不同时期神经功能评分 ,斜板试验及体表诱发电位。结果　从伤后 3周起 ,治疗组各种指标与对照组有显著差异 ,而各治疗组间无差异。结论　早期应用亚胺环己酮与甲基强的松龙治疗脊髓损伤均有效 ,但二者合用不能提高疗效     

吗啡及纳洛酮对离体蟾蜍脊髓腹根反射影响

本实验观察了镇疼药吗啡及其拮抗剂纳洛酮对离体蟾蜍脊髓腹根反射(VRR)的影响。发现小剂量吗啡(3.5×10~(-7)～10~(-5)M)对离体脊髓VRR具有兴奋作用,在一定范围内它与吗啡浓度呈正比关系。而大剂量(5.32×10~(-5)～8.08 ×10~(-5)M)吗啡则对VRR有抑制作用。单独施加纳洛铜于标本对VRR无兴奋或抑制作用,但当一定浓度吗啡兴奋标本时,加入纳洛酮可对抗其兴奋作用。进一步加大纳洛酮浓度,甚至可抑制VRR。实验资料提示纳洛酮可对抗吗啡对离体脊髓VRR的兴奋作用。     

刺激大鼠延髓中缝大核区域诱发的脊髓背表面电位

电刺激大鼠延髓NRM区域,在脊髓背表面记录到一串正向电位波,即NRM-CDP。NRM-CDP由先出现的短程复合电位及其随后的两个长时程慢电位所组成。本文对NRM-CDP中的慢电位即NRM-CDP-1波和NRM-CDP-2波的形态特征进行了分析,并报道了有关参数,为进一步研究NRM下行控制机制提供了良好的实验动物模型和新资料。     

银杏叶提取物对大鼠脊髓损伤下肢运动功能的影响

目的　观察银杏叶提取物(Egb)治疗大鼠脊髓损伤,评估它对大鼠脊髓损伤下肢运动功能恢复的效果。方法　60只大鼠分成3组,用Allen s改良法建立脊髓损伤的动物模型,通过Egb腹腔注射,用斜板试验法和Bosso, Beattieand Bresnahan(BBB)评分法观察大鼠脊髓损伤下肢运动功能的变化。结果　斜板试验法临界角度药物组和损伤组比较:7 d,P<0.05;14 d,21 d,P<0.01。BBB评分法药物组和损伤组比较:7 d,P<0.05;14 d,21 d, P<0.01。药物组大鼠脊髓损伤后下肢运动功能恢复快,有显著性差异。结论　Egb对大鼠脊髓损伤后双下肢运动功能的恢复有促进作用。