Effects of erigeron breviscapus （Vant.） Hand-Mazz pretreatment on pathology and oxyradical level following spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rabbits

Objective To investigate the effects of erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand-Mazz (erigeron breviscapus) pretreatment on pathology and oxyradical level in the spinal cord after ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rabbits. Methods A total of 40 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operation group with 10 rabbits treated with only abdominal aorta exposure without occlusion, control group with 15 rabbits that underwent ischemia for 50 minutes and treated with matched saline, and experimental group with 15 rabbits that underwent ischemia for 50 minutes and treated with erigeron breviscapus (9mg/kg) injection before ischemia. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the spinal cord were examined at 6 and 24 hours after I/R, respectively. The morphological changes and the number of the spinal cord anterior horn motor neurons were observed and counted under the light microscope and electron microscope, respectively. Results The level of MDA was markedly decreased and SOD activity was increased in the experimental group compared with those in the control group (P<0.01). Compared with that in the control group, the number of motor neurons in the experimental group significantly increased at 24h after I/R (P<0.01) and the morphous of the motor neurons improved. Conclusion Erigeron breviscapus can reduce oxyradical production and the apoptosis of nerve cells, and protect nerve tissue structure and function after spinal cord I/R.     

黄芪预处理对家兔心肌缺血再灌注后心肌线粒体结构及功能的影响

目的 观察黄芪预处理对兔心肌缺血再灌注时心肌线粒体功能及结构的影响.方法 将家兔32只随机分为假手术组(A组)、心肌缺血再灌注组(B组)、黄芪预处理组(C组)和5-羟葵酸加黄芪预处理组(D组),每组8只动物.观察线粒体Ca2 浓度、丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及线粒体超微结构的改变.结果 黄芪预处理组SOD活性明显高于心肌缺血再灌注组(P<0.05),而Ca2 浓度、MDA含量则低于心肌缺血再灌注组(P<0.05,P<0.01).5-羟葵酸加黄芪预处理组与心肌缺血再灌注组各指标比较,差异无统计学意义.黄芪预处理组同心肌缺血再灌注组和5-羟葵酸加黄芪预处理组相比较,线粒体超微结构损伤明显减轻.结论 黄芪可降低线粒体氧自由基水平、减轻线粒体钙超载,从而改善缺血再灌注心肌的线粒体结构及功能,发挥心肌保护作用,且其很可能通过线粒体ATP敏感性钾通道发挥作用.     

缺血预处理对大鼠小肠移植后肠黏膜的保护作用

目的探讨缺血预处理(ischemic preconditioning,IPC)对缺血-再灌注(ischemia-reperfusion,I/R)大鼠肠黏膜屏障的保护作用。方法建立SD大鼠小肠移植模型;实验分为3组(n=8):假手术组(S)、缺血-再灌注组(I/R)组和缺血预处理组(IPC);观察小肠病理组织形态学变化,检测比较各组大鼠肠黏膜丙二醛(malondialchehyche,MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)和髓过氧化物酶(myeloperoxidase,MPO)的活性以及肠黏膜细胞凋亡发生率与分布及其凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2、Bax的表达变化。结果与I/R组相比,IPC大鼠小肠组织病理形态学明显改善(P<0.05),肠组织MDA含量和MPO活性均显著降低(P<0.05),而SOD活性则明显升高(P<0.05);肠黏膜细胞凋亡率明显下降(P<0.05);凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2表达明显增加(P<0.05);而Bax蛋白表达明显减少。结论 IPC可减轻移植大鼠I/R损伤,与抗氧化作用增强和小肠肠黏膜细胞凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2和Bax表达调控而抑制肠黏膜细胞凋亡有关。     

PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF LIGUSTRAZINE ON ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY IN RAT KIDNEYS

Ｄｕｒｉｎｇｒｅｎａｌｉｓｃｈｅｍｉａ ｒｅｐｅｒｆｕｓｉｏｎｉｎｊｒｕｙ ,ｎｕ ｍｅｒｏｕｓｆｒｅｅｒａｄｉｃａｌｓａｒｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｅｄａｎｄＭＤＡ ,ａｐｒｏｄ ｕｃｔｏｆｆｒｅｅｒａｄｉｃａｌ,ａｎｄＥＴ 1ｉｎｋｉｄｎｅｙｓｂｏｔｈｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｉｎｔｈｅｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｏｆｒｅｐｅｒｆｕｓｉｏｎ .ＳＯＤｉｓｃａｂｌｅｏｆｅｌｉｍｉ ｎａｔｉｎｇｆｒｅｅｒａｄｉｃａｌｓ .ＡｄｍｉｎｉｓｔｒａｔｉｏｎｏｆＳＯＤ ｐｒｉｏｒｔｏｉｓｃｈｅｍｉａｏｒａｔｔｈｅｂｅｇｉｎｎｉｎｇｏｆｒｅｐｅｒｆｕｓｉｏ…     

高氧液预处理对兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的探讨高氧液预处理对兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法30只家兔随机分为三组:假手术组(A组,n=10),缺血再灌注组(B组,n=10)及高氧液预处理组(C组,n=10)。C组每天静脉给予15mL/kg高氧液,20min内匀速泵完,连续7d;A组及B组以同样方法给予等量生理盐水,最后一次处理结束后,制作心肌缺血再灌注(I/R)模型。A组只穿线,不结扎冠脉。记录心电图和血流动力学指标,在结扎前、结扎即刻、结扎后30min,再灌注1、2、3h分别测定血清丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。结果C组能明显降低心电图S-T段的升高程度并改善血流动力学参数,较B组显著缩小梗死范围(P<0.05)。与A组比较,B组血清SOD活性呈逐渐下降趋势,MDA含量则呈逐渐增高的趋势(P<0.05)。C组各时间段上述各指标均有所恢复。结论高氧液预处理对家兔在体心肌缺血再灌注损伤具有明显的保护作用。     

细胞外ATP对大鼠脊髓损伤后运动功能恢复的影响

目的研究细胞外ATP对大鼠脊髓损伤后运动功能恢复的影响。方法健康成年Wistar大鼠20只,雌雄不限,体重280-320 g,平均300 g,制作成脊髓打击伤动物模型,并随机分为两组:A组(ATP组)和B组(对照组),每组10只。伤后1、3、7、14、28 d用改良的Tarlov评分、斜板试验观察大鼠运动功能的恢复情况。结果大鼠脊髓损伤后A组改良的Tarlov评分、斜板试验优于对照组,在14 d和28 d,改良的Tarlov评分、斜板试验A组明显优于B组(P<0.05)。结论细胞外ATP能促进大鼠脊髓损伤后运动功能的恢复。     

正己烷致大鼠脂质过氧化及肝细胞DNA损伤的实验研究

目的研究正己烷(n-hexane)对大鼠的脂质过氧化作用和肝细胞DNA损伤的影响。方法40只雄性SD大鼠随机分成5组,即阴性对照组、75、150、300 mg/kg染毒组和阳性对照组,每组8只。经腹腔注射染毒4周后,检测肝组织匀浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活力,血清还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)和丙二醛(MDA)的含量;用彗星试验技术(SCGE)检测大鼠肝细胞DNA的损伤。结果大鼠体重随染毒时间而增加,阴性对照组增加最快;随染毒剂量增加,肝组织匀浆中SOD、GSH-Px活力、血清GSH含量明显降低,而血清MDA含量增大,组间比较有显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01);肝细胞SCGE检测彗星尾长、尾DNA(%)、尾矩、Olive尾矩均增大,组间比较有显著性差异(P<0.01),尾矩值与染毒剂量作相关分析,相关系数r为0.981,呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论正己烷可引起或增强机体氧自由基反应,导致脂质过氧化损伤和肝细胞DNA损伤。     

前列地尔联合疏血通治疗糖尿病周围神经病变的疗效及其机制

目的探讨前列地尔联合疏血通治疗糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)的临床疗效,并观察治疗前后患者丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及总抗氧化能力(TAOC)的变化。方法160例DPN患者随机分为前列地尔联合疏血通治疗组(100例)和常规治疗组(对照组,60例),观察两组患者的临床疗效,并检测治疗前后血中MDA、SOD和TAOC的变化。结果前列地尔联合疏血通治疗组和常规治疗组总有效率分别为80%和41.7%,两组间比较有显著性差异(P<0.01)。治疗前两组血中SOD活性明显低于健康人,MDA水平明显高于健康人,TAOC明显低于健康人(P<0.05)。治疗4周后,前列地尔联合疏血通治疗组患者SOD活性明显升高,TAOC水平明显升高,MDA水平明显下降(P<0.01);而常规治疗组患者在治疗后,血中MDA、SOD及TAOC水平均无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论前列地尔联合疏血通可有效改善DPN患者的临床症状,其机制可能与抗氧化应激有关。     

缺血后处理对缺血-再灌注大鼠肠黏膜的抗损伤作用

目的探讨缺血后处理对缺血-再灌注大鼠肠黏膜的抗损伤作用。方法复制SD大鼠肠缺血-再灌注损伤模型。实验分为4组(n=8):假手术组(S)、缺血-再灌注组(I/R)、缺血预处理组(IPC)、缺血后处理组(I-post)。比较各组大鼠肠黏膜丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和髓过氧化物酶(MPO)的活性变化;末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的dUTP缺口末端标记法(TUNEL)检测肠黏膜细胞凋亡发生率;Chius评分法观察肠黏膜的损伤情况。结果与I/R组相比,IPC组和I-post组大鼠肠黏膜MDA含量和MPO活性均显著降低,而SOD活性明显升高;再灌注后可见明显的肠黏膜细胞凋亡现象,I-post组和IPC组凋亡指数较I/R组显著下降,组织病理损伤亦明显减轻。I-post组和IPC组相比,各项指标无显著性差异。结论缺血后处理可通过抑制再灌注后氧自由基的过量产生,保护抗氧化系统,从而抑制肠黏膜细胞凋亡,减轻肠缺血-再灌注损伤。     

黄芪预处理对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用及其机制

目的 探讨黄芪对大鼠缺血再灌注心肌的保护作用及其机制.方法 采用结扎左冠状动脉的方法制备心肌缺血再灌注损伤动物模型.SD大鼠30只随机分为3组:对照组、缺血再灌注组(I/R)和黄芪预处理组(H+I/R).光镜和透射电镜下观察心肌病理变化,检测血清肌酸激酶(CK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量,以及心肌组织Na~+K~+-ATP酶(Na~+K~+-ATPase)、Ca~(2+)-ATP酶(Ca~(2+)-ATPase)活性.结果 ①黄芪预处理组光镜和透射电镜下心肌细胞变性坏死程度及心肌细胞超微结构形态改变较缺血再灌注组显著减轻;②黄芪预处理组大鼠血清中CK、LDH活性和MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05),SOD、Na+ K+-ATPase、Ca~(2+)-ATPase活性显著提高(P<0.05).结论 黄芪对大鼠冠状动脉结扎后再灌注心肌损伤具有明显的保护作用,其机制可能与改善心肌缺血再灌注冠状微循环与抗氧自由基生成、减轻钙超载等多种机制有关.     

保肝解毒颗粒对雷公藤多苷致急性肝损伤小鼠自由基脂质过氧化反应的影响

目的探讨保肝解毒颗粒对雷公藤多苷致急性肝损伤小鼠自由基脂质过氧化反应的影响。方法60只小鼠随机分为模型组、保肝解毒颗粒大、中、小剂量组、甘利欣对照组和空白对照组,分别以相应剂量药物灌胃5 d,再以雷公藤多苷灌胃造模,检测小鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)水平。结果模型组血清SOD、GSH-Px水平明显降低,MDA水平明显升高;保肝解毒颗粒各剂量组均可有效降低血清ALT、AST和MDA水平,显著提高GSH-Px水平,大剂量组尚可显著提高血清SOD水平,与模型组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论保肝解毒颗粒具有明显的降酶保肝作用和抗自由基脂质过氧化作用。     

脊髓损伤后大鼠后肢运动功能恢复不同评分标准的比较

目的比较脊髓损伤(SCI)后大鼠后肢运动功能恢复的不同评分标准的优劣。方法40只SD成熟雌性大鼠随机分为正常组(Normal组)、急性脊髓中度损伤组(SCI组)及对照组(CON组),其中SCI组采用改良的Allen打击法,CON组仅行T10椎板切除术。术后1、2、3、4、6周观察大鼠后肢神经功能恢复的情况并记录结果。评价标准分别为:斜板试验评分、改良Tarlov评分及BBB评分。结果SCI组与CON组比较,斜板试验临界角度在1-6周时,均有所减小(P<0.05),尤以第1周时减少更甚(P<0.01);改良Tarlov评分第1、2、3、4周时,分值间的差别非常明显(P<0.01),第6周时,未见变化(P>0.05);而BBB评分各时间点的区分程度非常明显(P<0.01)。结论BBB评分对SCI模型运动功能评价具有明显优势,可作为今后研究的标准评分法。     

三甲益肝冲剂对实验性肝纤维化大鼠脂质过氧化的影响

目的观察三甲益肝冲剂对大鼠肝纤维化的作用并探讨与抗脂质过氧化有关的作用机制。方法雄性SD大鼠40只,随机分为模型组、复方丹参组、三甲益肝冲剂组和正常组。以二甲基亚硝胺(DMN)腹腔注射诱导大鼠肝纤维化模型,复方丹参组造模同时给予复方丹参灌胃,三甲益肝冲剂组造模同时给予三甲益肝冲剂灌胃,共4周。4周后处死大鼠取肝组织标本,光镜观察肝组织的病理变化,放射免疫法测定血清丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。结果与正常组比较,模型组肝组织Masson染色胶原纤维面积和血清MDA含量显著增加(P<0.05),而血清SOD活性明显下降(P<0.05);与模型组比较,三甲益肝冲剂组Masson染色胶原纤维面积和血清MDA含量显著下降(P<0.05),而SOD活性明显升高(P<0.05)。Masson染色胶原纤维面积和血清MDA含量表达呈正相关关系(r=0.435,P<0.05),与SOD活性呈负相关关系(r=-0.358,P<0.05)。结论三甲益肝冲剂具有良好的抗实验性大鼠肝纤维化作用,其主要作用机制与抗肝脏脂质过氧化损伤有关。     

脊髓纵裂神经缺陷机制探讨

对２９例脊髓纵裂的神经功能状态进行临床评价及胫后神经皮层体感诱发电位（ｐｏｓｔｅｒｉｏｒｔｉｂｉａｌｎｅｒｖｅｃｏｒｔｉｃａｌｓｏｍａｔｏｓｅｎｓｏｒｙｅｖｏｋｅｄｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ，ＰＴＮＣＳＥＰ）检查。结果：患病组２９例两下肢间神经缺陷的临床评分及ＰＴＮＣＳＥＰ有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），患病组５８根ＰＴＮＣＳＥＰ明显异常；手术组２０例术后神经缺陷的临床评分及ＰＴＮＣＳＥＰ异常明显改善（Ｐ＜０．０５），非手术组９例随访后则无改善（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结果提示神经缺陷的机理是脊髓纵裂间隔对脊髓的牵拉和纵裂脊髓单侧发育异常。     

STUDY ON THE THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF GINSENOSIDE Rg-1 AND GASTRODINE ON AD MODEL RATS INDUCED BY β-AMYLOID PEPTIDE (25-35)

Objective To study the therapeutic effects of Ginsenoside Rg-1 and Gastrodine on rats model of Alzheimer's disease(AD). Methods Aggregated β-Amyloid peptide (25-35) was injected into the lateral ventricle of rats to establish AD models. Ginsenoside Rg-1, Gastrodine and Ginsenoside Rg-1+Gastrodine were intraperitoneally injected into rats of each test group(Ginsenoside Rg-1∶10mg/kg·day; Gastrodine 100mg/kg·day) for 4 weeks, the rats of control group received equal volume of saline. Passive avoidance task and Morris maze test were done to assess the ability of learning and memory. The content of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondiadehyde (MDA), total-antioxidative capability (T-AOC), Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) in brain tissue were measured. Results Ginsenoside Rg-1 and Gastrodine significantly improved learning and memory deficits in the rats with AD induced by β-Amyloid peptide (25-35) (P<0.05). Ginsenoside Rg-1+Gastrodine group were better than Ginsenoside Rg-1 group and Gastrodine group (P<0.05). Ginsenoside Rg-1 reduced the increase of SOD, MDA, but inhibited the decrease of T-AOC, AchE and ChAT; Gastrodine reduced the increase of SOD, MDA, while inhibited the decrease of T-AOC. Gastrodine could also prevent the activity of ChAT and AchE decline in AD rats. Conclusion Both Ginsenoside Rg-1 and Gastrodine have therapeutic effects on rats with AD; Ginsenoside Rg-1 and Gastrodine injection at the same time were better than only using one of them. Their mechanisms might different. Ginsenoside Rg-1 can not only inhibit peroxidation but also increase the activity of AchE and ChAT in brain tissue, while Gastrodine can inhibit peroxidation only, but it can't prevent the decline of ChAT and AchE activity in AD rats.     

FOS EXPRESSION IN LUMBARSACRAL SPINAL CORD AND MEDULLA OBLONGATA INDUCED BY CHRONIC COLONIC INFLAMMATION IN RATS

Irritablebowelsyndrome(IBS)isacommon functionalgastrointestinaldisorderinpopulations.RecentstudieshaveshownthatpersistentIBSsymp tomsdevelopedinbetween7%and31%ofsubjects afterinfectiousgastroenteritisandtransientinflam mationenteritis[1].Thisassociationis…     

Apoptosis of motor neurons in the spinal cord after ischemia reperfusion injury delayed paraplegia in rabbits

Objective To clarify the pathologic change of the motor neuron on spinal cord ischemia reperfusion injury delayed paraplegia. Methods The infrarenal aorta of White New Zealand rabbits （n=24） was occluded for 26 minutes using two bulldog clamps. Rabbits were killed after 8, 24, 72, or 168 hours （n=6 per group）, respectively. The clamps was placed but never clamped in sham-operated rabbits （n=24）. The lumbar segment of the spinal cord （L5 to L7） was used for morphological studies, including hematoxylin and eosin staining, the expression of bcl-2 and bax proteins in spinal cord was detected with immunohistochemistry. The apoptotic neurons in spinal cord were measured with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling of DNA fragments （TUNEL） staining. Results Delayed paraplegia occurred in all rabbits of ischemia reperfusion group at 16-24 hours, but not in sham groups. Motor neurons were selectively lost at 7 days after transient ischemia. After ischemia, the positive expression of bcl-2 protein were in the sham controls but decreased significantly as compared with that of the IR group （P〈0.01）, especially in 72 hours reperfusion. The positive expression of bax protein were also in the sham controls, but increased in the IR group, especially in 72 hours reperfusion; In addition, TUNEL study demonstrated that no cells were positively labeled until 24 hours after ischemia, but nuclei of some motor neurons were positively labeled at peak after ischemia reperfusion at 72 hours. Oenclusion Spinal cord ischemia in rabbits induces morphological and biochemical changes suggestive of apoptosis. These data raise the possibility that apoptosis contributes to neuronal cell death after spinal cord ischemia reperfnsion.     

自血回输加补肾益脑汤治疗缺血性脑血管病的研究

１４５例缺血性脑血管病分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组采用自血回输（ＵＶＢ）加中药补肾益脑汤治疗，对照组采用脑活素加对症治疗。结果：治疗组的临床有效率和临床主要症状好转率均明显高于对照组，其实验室检测项目（ＴＧ、ＰＯ２、ＳＯＤ、ＭＤＡ、ＷＢＶ）两组治疗前后对比，治疗组明显地得到改善（Ｐ＜０．０５）。说明该疗法可降低血脂、血粘度和ＭＤＡ，提高血氧含量和ＳＯＤ含量，较单纯西药为好。     

A STUDY ON LIMITATION OF HIGH-ENERGY SHOCK WAVE-INDUCED RENAL DAMAGE BY SALVIA MILTIORRHIZAE INJECTION IN RABBIT MODEL

Extracorpealshockwavelithotripsy (ESWL)isanoninvasive ,almostpain freestandardtreatmentmodalityforurolithiasis.However ,ESWLisnotcompletelyfreeofsideeffect.Apartfromlocalhematomasanda potentialriskforhypertensionchanges,alterationsinkidneyfunctionhavebeenreported .SalviaMiltiorrhizaehasthe propertyofpromotingbloodcirculationandresolvingbloodsta sis.Thisstudywasinitiatedtoinvestigatethepo tentialprotectivefunctionofSalviaMiltiorrhizaeeagainsthigh energyshockwaveinducedrenaltoxi city .MATE…     

白藜芦醇对早期重症急性胰腺炎大鼠多器官组织氧自由基的影响

目的观察白藜芦醇对早期重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)大鼠器官组织SOD、MDA的影响,进一步研究白藜芦醇的作用机制。方法将54只大鼠随机分为三组(假手术组、急性胰腺炎组、白藜芦醇治疗组各18只)。应用逆行胰胆管穿刺注射牛黄胆酸钠制备SAP大鼠模型,白藜芦醇溶液通过阴茎背静脉注射,术后4 h剖杀,观察腹水量及胰、肝、肺、肾和肠壁组织的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)和组织学变化及白藜芦醇对其影响。结果模型组的胰、肺、肝、肾、小肠组织SOD活性降低、而MDA水平增加;白藜芦醇可明显升高胰、肺、肝、肠、肾组织的SOD活性,降低各组织的MDA水平,同时白藜芦醇可减轻大鼠各器官组织病理损害,以胰腺组织为主。结论氧自由基参与了SAP的病理生理过程。白藜芦醇可提高SAP大鼠多器官组织SOD活性、降低MDA水平而减轻组织脂质过氧化和组织器官功能损害。