共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
斜碰撞再现反推算法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
结合近年来积累的交通事故调研经验,通过建立轮胎侧偏特性模型、四车轮车辆运动仿真分析模型,解决车辆轮胎印迹内的垂直载荷分布不同的问题,以及由地面多种因素对车辆运动产生不同影响的问题和车辆本身复杂的受力问题,达到事故再现的目的。通过反推计算车辆在碰撞事故发生时的运动状态,可以科学的再现车辆斜碰撞事故发生的过程,明确当事人的事故责任,提供了重要的参考。最后通过运用车辆碰撞分析软件PC-crash,结合具体的交通事故实例,验证了关于汽车斜碰撞反推计算理论的研究结果在实际的交通事故处理中具有较高的实用性与可靠性。 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
汽车碰撞变形区域的测量是交通事故处理及事故再现的重要工作,利用基于图像的三维建模软件Image Modeler.可以直接通过按照一定原则拍摄的二维照片,恢复和重构三维模型,有利于提高变形车辆测量的效率和精度。文章介绍了基于二维照片的三维建模基本原理,阐述了利用该技术实现汽车碰撞变形区域三维重建的过程,实验表明,此方法能提供详细的汽车碰撞变形区域描述,对交通事故的公平处理和科学研究提供有力的参考。 相似文献
8.
汽车碰撞事故计算机模拟的研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
本文牛顿定律,利用恢复系数、力矩恢复系数和车辆间摩擦系数等参数建立了两维碰撞过程的碰撞方程组及碰撞后过程的数学模型,并应用最小二乘法对碰撞初速及碰撞参数进行优化,以达到事故再现的目的。本文还编制了计算机模拟软件,通过对实车碰撞实验的验证了模型的有效性,可以为裁定和研究交通事故提供科学的手段。 相似文献
9.
为明确事故现场可视轮胎印迹强度与车辆动力学特性、轮胎橡胶磨损特征及道路表面灰度之间的关联特性,提出基于车路耦合的事故现场轮胎印迹强度参数化研究方法。通过结合动态滑动摩擦因数模型及轮胎非线性模型,建立车辆路面9 DOF非线性系统动力学模型,运用VBOX惯性测量技术验证模型的有效性。运用胎面磨损能量模型,从车路系统角度确定车辆、轮胎和路面特性对轮胎全局摩擦力及胎面磨损特性的影响。结合印迹强度特征模型提出轮胎印迹强度参数研究方法,选取不同制动、转向角工况及3组路面、胎面特性对轮胎路面接地力学特性、胎面橡胶磨损量、可视轮胎印迹特征进行仿真分析。结果表明:印迹强度仅与全局摩擦力大小有关,与轮胎路面滑移方向无关;滑移工况下胎面橡胶磨损量随着全局摩擦力和滑移速度的增大而增大,而印迹强度变化不明显;制动力矩和道路表面灰度对产生可视轮胎印迹起决定作用,转向角主要影响不规则可视轮胎印迹的产生;前轮轮胎最先出现可视印迹,且可视印迹长度和强度均高于后轮轮胎;采取可视印迹起点作为事故车辆速度判定具有一定的误差,应根据具体情况进行具体分析;研究成果能够为基于可视轮胎印迹的交通事故重建提供理论基础。 相似文献
10.
车辆碰撞事故解析计算中主要影响因素的误差界定 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:6
基于16起车对车实车碰撞试验数据,应用车辆碰撞模拟软件对车碰撞事故计算中的所用轮胎模型及地面摩擦系数等主要因素在求解碰撞车速时的影响情况进行了计算分析,从而定量界定了各自可能引起的误差程度。 相似文献
11.
This paper presents efficient 3-D collision crush modelling methods utilizing photogrammetry and 3-D scanner for reconstruction analysis of vehicle collision accident. Photogrammetry for 3-D collision crush modelling was executed in two methods: Indirect photogrammetry utilizing small amount of preexisting photographic data, and direct photogrammetry utilizing large amount of photographic data collected for the purpose of 3-D modelling. With the 3-D scanner, it was possible to create a more precise 3-D crush model than the photogrammetry method. Using these 3-D crush models constructed with the mentioned methods, several applications in accident reconstruction analysis are presented, based on construction methods and characteristics of the resulting crush model. Indirect photogrammetry produced a 3-D model capable of providing approximate shape of crush with only 2 ~ 3 photos of the damaged vehicle, and made it possible to measure the crush volume for estimating the collision velocity. With direct photogrammetry or 3-D scanner, moving and rotating elaborately built 3-D vehicle deformation models makes it possible to precisely reconstruct the actual collision configuration. Additionally, by elaborately modelling the vehicle and its fragments and then putting them together, it is possible to construct a post-collision model of the whole vehicle. 相似文献
12.
13.
为了提高汽车在突发爆胎事故时的稳定性,对爆胎汽车主动制动控制策略进行了研究。根据车轮爆胎时间与压力变化的关系,在UniTire模型基础上建立了爆胎模型;根据电子稳定性控制系统中横摆角速度及质心侧偏角对汽车稳定性影响的关系,基于二自由度汽车动力学模型,通过计算汽车横摆角速度及质心侧偏角实际值与理想值的偏差,并基于线性二次型调节器最优控制方法决策出最优附加横摆力矩,从而修正爆胎后汽车的运动状态。最后通过计算机仿真对所提策略的有效性进行了验证。结果表明:主动制动控制策略可以保证爆胎过程中汽车的行驶稳定性和安全性。 相似文献
14.
汽车侧翻和滚翻事故建模研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
分析汽车在侧翻和滚翻过程中的受力状态和轮胎或车身与路面的相互作用方式,建立汽车侧翻和滚翻的运动学和动力学模型,揭示汽车临界侧翻碰撞力与持续作用时间等参数的关系,推导侧翻车辆侧向速度的范围,确定滚筒模型中关键参数的选取方法。事故案例表明模型在实际应用中效果良好、定量准确、直观性强。 相似文献
15.
This paper presents a novel nonlinear dynamic model of a multi-axle steering vehicle to estimate the lateral wear amount of tires. Firstly, a 3DOF nonlinear vehicle dynamic model is developed, including dynamic models of the hydropneumatic suspension, tire, steering system and toe angle. The tire lateral wear model is then built and integrated into the developed vehicle model. Based on the comparison of experimental and simulation results, the nonlinear model is proved to be better than a linear model for the tire wear calculation. In addition, the effects of different initial toe angles on tire wear are analyzed. As simulation results shown, the impact of the dynamic toe angle on the tire wear is significant. The tire wear amount will be much larger than that caused by normal wear if the initial toe angle increases to 1° - 1.5°. The results also suggest that the proposed nonlinear model is of great importance in the design and optimazation of vehicle parameters in order to reduce the tire wear. 相似文献
16.
J. Kim 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2010,11(3):331-337
A methodology is presented for estimating vehicle handling dynamics, which are important to control system design and safety
measures. The methodology, which is based on an extended Kalman filter (EKF), makes it possible to estimate lateral vehicle
states and tire forces on the basis of the results obtained from sinusoidal steering stroke tests that are widely used in
the evaluation of vehicle and tire handling performances. This paper investigates the effect of vehicle-road system models
on the estimation of lateral vehicle dynamics in the EKF. Various vehicle-road system models are considered in this study:
vehicle models (2-DOF, 3-DOF, 4-DOF), tire models (linear, non-linear) and relaxation lengths. Handling tests are performed
with a vehicle equipped with sensors that are widely used by vehicle and tire manufacturers for handling maneuvers. The test
data are then used in the estimation of the EKF and identification of lateral tire model coefficients. The accuracy of the
identified values is validated by comparing the RMS error between experimentally measured states and regenerated states simulated
using the identified coefficients. The results show that the relaxation length of the tire model has a notable impact on the
estimation of lateral vehicle dynamics. 相似文献
17.
基于胎侧表面擦痕的车速估计 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
从两车刮擦交通事故的实际现象出发,分析了各种相对速度情况下,一辆车的车身凸起刮擦另一辆车的轮胎胎侧表面所遗留的刮擦痕迹。提出了基于胎侧表面擦痕估计交通事故车速的新方法,推导出根据这类痕迹估计两车相对速度的公式,给出了在交通事故处理中应用的实例。 相似文献