共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 190 毫秒
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柴油机大客车的机外净化技术的装置主要是为了减少微粒、HC、CO和NOx等有害气体,可以采用的如下具体结构来完成:微粒捕集器和再生微粒捕集器、氧化催化转化器、NOx还原催化转化器。 相似文献
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1 前言 柴油机具有高的热效率、低的油耗和CO2排放,在车用动力中占有的比例逐年上升.与此同时,颗粒物(PM)和氮氧化物(NOx)成为柴油机排放物中的主要有害物质.针对重型柴油车国Ⅳ和国Ⅴ排放法规,从机内降低PM排放、而从机外转化NOx排放是一种符合中国国情、具有可持续发展的技术路线.选择催化还原(SCR)技术是目前降低柴油机NOx排放最有效的后处理技术之一,采用SCR技术可以使发动机在满足严格排放法规的同时,仍具有较高的动力性和经济性.在目前研究开发中的柴油机NOx后处理方法中,以尿素水溶液为还原剂的选择性催化还原技术(Urea-SCR)最为成熟,它能在柴油机排气富O2且流量、温度和组分多变的反应环境下有效降低NOx排放. 相似文献
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降低稀燃汽油机NOx排放是实现稀薄燃烧的最大难题。文中详细阐述了降低稀燃汽油机NOx排放的吸附催化转化和选择还原催化转化技术与研究进展。认为应该充分应用稀燃发动机的排气产物作为还原物质,如HC和CO等,采用沸石和贵金属分子筛催化器对NOx进行选择还原。提出研制具备高的NOx转化效率,同时具有好的水热耐久性和高的抗硫中毒能力的选择还原催化器是我们科技工作者追求的目标。 相似文献
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国外车用柴油机SCR技术的应用研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
机外措施是控制柴油机NOx 排放的有效措施,是柴油机排放控制的关键技术。选择催化还原(SCR)技术是降低车用柴油机NOx 排放的机外措施之一。介绍了SCR技术的理论依据、系统组成及工作原理;重点介绍了国外车用柴油机SCR技术的应用情况及还需解决的问题。 相似文献
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分析了轿车发动机起动怠速工况排放物的特点,介绍了国际上目前降低轿车发动机起动怠速工况有害排放物所采用的最新技术措施,即采用高能点火与2次,多次点火技术,电加热催化转化器和二次空气泵联合技术,碳氢吸附器,二段燃烧与反应式排气管,REPO技术等。 相似文献
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通过分析柴油机有害排放物的种类、生成特点及影响排放物生成的主要因素,详细介绍了为降低有害排放物的生成,采取的机内、机外处理措施以及为实现欧IV排放采取的主要技术路线。 相似文献
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柴油机排气微粒控制技术的发展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
柴油机排放的大量微粒和NOx对环境的影响较为严重。回顾了柴油机排气微粒控制技术的发展历程,介绍了柴油机排气微粒控制的三种方法,指出虽然采用缸内措施及燃油质量的改善可大幅度降低微粒排放,但面对未来更为严格的排放法规,需要使用微粒后处理装置,对催化转换器和捕集氧化系统的技术发展进行了较为全面的评述。 相似文献
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A Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) system simulation model for diesel engines was established based on MATLAB/Simulink. The model includes four subsystems: signal acquisition, DEF (Diesel Exhaust Fluid) dosing control, catalytic chemistry reaction and NOX emissions reduction. The SCR control strategy was optimized based on ETC simulation results. Simulation and test results indicate that the model developed in this paper can predict ETC NOX emissions accurately. 相似文献
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This research attempted to analyze nanoparticles and other harmful exhaust emissions in accordance with injection strategies and air-fuel ratio (AFR) changes for small diesel engines. The emission characteristics were analyzed in the medium-speed condition, which is the main driving range of a diesel engine. In the case of particulate matter (PM), the number of particles was measured, analyzed, and compared to identify the correlation and emission characteristics of nanoparticles by using a dilution device and condensation particle counter (CPC), which are international standards for particle measurement recommended by the Particulate Measurement Programme (PMP). The engine torque tended to be reduced as pilot injections were added, and the torque was increased by the increased boost pressure, but reduced by the exhaust pressure increase in a part of the low-load range. The number of nanoparticles was not influenced greatly by the change in AFR, but the reduction effect on the PM weight was great depending on the boost pressure increase. In addition, the number of nanoparticles tended to increase as the fuel injection timing became closer to TDC in all conditions, and its difference became larger with an increase in AFR. In addition, in the case of the pilot injection, nanoparticle emission showed similar characteristics depending on the main injection timing, but it was increased by advanced injection timing when performing the main injection only, and the number of the nanoparticles increased as pilot injections were added. Last, the optimal conditions for EMS calibration were analyzed by selecting the conditions of torque reduction and NOx increase within 5 % from all of the engine operating conditions; optimized conditions are presented. 相似文献
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商用车柴油机多采用DOC+SCR的后处理系统来满足国Ⅳ、国Ⅴ排放标准的要求,而不同类型SCR的催化特性对最终污染物排放影响也不同。试验获取了一支铜基分子筛型SCR,基于1台2.8L柴油机和一支钒基SCR,运行了车用柴油机稳态循环(ESC)和瞬态排放循环(ETC),研究并分析了其对柴油机污染物的减排特性。结果表明,相较于钒基SCR,运行ETC循环时分子筛型SCR对发动机NOx和PM排放的减排效率分别提升19%和33%;分子筛型SCR对NOx的低温转化效率更高,且由于对排气流量不敏感,在高空速工况下其转化效率显著高于钒基SCR;分子筛型SCR对颗粒物个数的减排效率弱于钒基SCR,达7%以上,容易将大质量颗粒物分解为小质量颗粒物;两种SCR均对CO和HC具有一定的减排效果,减排率可达20%左右。 相似文献