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管制对道路货运市场结构的影响及对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
改革开放以后,中国道路货运行业市场结构发生了根本变化——从完全垄断变为完全竞争,实证分析表明该市场存在静态性和动态性无效率。本文在阐述道路货运技术经济特性、对比分析放松管制后中国和美国道路货运市场结构性质和演变特点基础上,分析管制对我国道路货运市场效率和市场结构变迁的影响,结果表明管制中存在导致信息不完全、进入门槛偏高、市场分割以及外部性等因素;最后针对我国道路货运行业管制对象和背景的特殊性,提出管制政策改革建议。 相似文献
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航空货运是现代物流服务体系的重要组成部分,国际航空货运是支撑浙江省双循环战略枢纽发展、深入推进“两进一出”示范建设的重要举措,承载着浙江民航强省和高质量交通强省建设的重要使命。2020年在新冠疫情影响下,浙江省口岸机场完成国际航空货邮吞吐量约15.8万t,同比增长29%,呈现出良好的发展势头。在进一步提升国际航空货运能力的同时,机场的基础设施、运行容量、物流设施保障能力等主导因素对机场货运竞争力的影响也愈发显著。本文通过对浙江省四大口岸机场国际航空货运发展现状进行分析,总结凝练核心短板,把握国际航空货运市场格局,给出在新冠疫情影响下浙江省国际航空货运的运行特征,针对性的提出后疫情时代浙江省航空货运市场发展的策略建议。 相似文献
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本文通过分析航空货运价值链和国内的航空货运产品的发展现状,找出航空货运产品开发的影响因素,提出了航空公司的货运产品应该从满足客户的需求出发,通过整合航空货运服务链,形成航空货运服务链的主导地位,从航空货运价值链的角度来设计和推广产品。 相似文献
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本文分析了导致中美航空货运市场在内的中国国际航空货运市场不平衡性的根本原因,在于生产与消费相分离的世界经济结构不平衡性,而这个不平衡性影响到中国的进出口商品结构,进而影响航空货运的不平衡性。 相似文献
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选取2010—2019年中国运输机场货邮吞吐量数据,运用核密度分析、标准差椭圆和标准距离方法,研究航空货运市场时空演变特征。结果表明,1)2010—2019年我国机场数量增长显著,东西部差距较为明显,但中西部地区新增机场数量显著增多,机场分布逐渐趋向均衡化发展。2)航空货运市场呈现“3+1核心”的发展格局,中西部地区货运增长较快,市场集聚程度逐渐降低。3)航空货运市场重心由东向西偏移,2010—2013年向西北方向偏移,2013—2019年向西南方向转移。通过对我国航空货运市场时空演变特征的研究,能够为优化我国航空货运市场布局和制定货运发展政策提供理论依据。 相似文献
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文章基于桂林市道路货运市场现状,分析了当前桂林市道路货运行业发展中存在的问题,提出了加强道路货运行业管理、推进现代物流产业发展的思路与对策。 相似文献
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Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD). An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip. It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links. 相似文献
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天然气自动计量系统有多种组态软件,由于软件的不相通性,造成了计量系统数据采集的通用性差、数据传输与入库的时效性差、数据利用的可靠性低.结合各组态软件的实际情况,从设计上充分利用Oracle大数据处理能力以及Partition(分区表)的特性,实现历史数据的存储,应用WebService与COM+数据访问组件提供多层数据访问架构,采用OPC与DDE工业数据交换协议,实现了各站场计量数据的实时上传,为连续数据采集和实时监控提供了可能,节约了改造成本. 相似文献
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This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress. 相似文献
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明确埋地管道防腐保温层的技术评价标准,对埋地钢质管道的安全运行,延长管道使用寿命具有重要意义。为了对埋地管道防腐保温层做出有效评价,从间接检测与开挖检测2个方面,结合现场检测数据,提出了基于防腐保温层的电流衰减率、绝缘电阻率、质量状况与厚度的分级评价标准及基于4种评价指标的综合评判方法。工程实践表明,该评价标准对防腐保温层是否存在失效能做出有效判断。 相似文献
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介绍了城市轨道交通工程中杂散电流不同的监测系统的构成,分析了集中式、分散式和智能型等监测系统的配置和功能,以及智能型实时在线监测系统的重要意义,为轨道交通工程杂散电流监测系统的选择与应用提供参考。 相似文献
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《Transportation Research Part A: General》1991,25(6):407-418
The main deficiency of most current modeling approaches to transportation can be identified as neglect of the integration of existing geographical knowledge in regard to the ex ante transport/land use modeling approaches, with its focus on territorial dynamics and theory development. This paper addresses this aspect of the problem by introducing a theoretical and methodological framework for the analysis of the interrelationship between land uses. The analysis attempts to determine to what extent the functional land use in a city can be considered an ordered pattern. The order sought does not rely on purely spatial configurations, but on the correlation of transportation and land use. The first section of this paper focuses on theoretical considerations. It stresses the fact that conventional approaches do not apply in the present context. It then suggests an alternative based on areas of influence and measured in terms of level of attractance of land uses. The second describes a procedure based on this alternative following the remarkable contribution of Hanjoul, Beguin and Thill. An application of this procedure to the analysis of Shanghai is then examined. Finally, an evaluation of the strategies for optimizing the interrelationship between land uses is presented. The paper concludes with a possible research agenda. 相似文献
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Joseph N. Prashker 《Transportation》1979,8(4):329-346
Reliability of travel modes was found to be the most important characteristic of transportation systems in several attitudinal investigations of individual travel behavior. This paper represents the first part of a research effort aimed at gaining a better understanding of the characteristics of reliability of transportation modes in urban travel. In this research, reliability characteristics are identified; their importance relative to each other is assessed, and an insight into possible structure of an objective reliability index is discussed. The research is based on perceived values of reliability, which were identified through a large attitudinal survey conducted in the Chicago metropolitan area. 相似文献