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针对三峡水库蓄水后新水沙条件对东北水道航道条件的影响问题,进行了东北水道航道演变趋势研究。采用动床模型试验研究的方法,得到了三峡水库蓄水后典型年和系列年试验水沙条件下东北水道水位、流速、流态、地形冲淤及航道条件变化趋势。分析结果表明:在无工程情况下,三峡水库蓄水运用后,由于来沙量的减小,东北水道航道条件出现不利变化趋势;方案实施后,可以遏制水道的不利变化趋势,维持当前较好的滩槽格局和航道条件,对工程河段沿程水位、流速分布以及近岸流速等因素的影响较小,能够为航道尺度的进一步提升奠定基础。 相似文献
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为确定龙溪口航电枢纽左岸仿生态鱼道的进鱼口布置方案,结合枢纽的运行工况和现有地形条件,发现较多工况下鱼道进口附近水流条件不满足鱼类上溯要求,需采取一定的工程优化措施。针对龙溪口枢纽的特点,选取典型工况对进鱼口及枢纽下游的水流条件进行研究。根据二维数值仿真模型的研究成果,拟采用拆除电站与泄水闸之间部分纵向围堰、电站尾水坎下游开挖疏浚以及左岸生境重构等方式,优化鱼道进口水流条件。对比分析不同进鱼口布置方案的优劣,推荐采用生境重构结合开挖疏浚的综合措施,优化龙溪口鱼道进口及下游流场,两者均满足龙溪口鱼道进口的流速要求。相关成果可为类似进口水流条件的数值模拟及进鱼口布置提供技术参考。 相似文献
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根据桥位选择的基本原则,在模型试验的基础上,从航道条件、河床演变、通航水流条件等方面对上、下桥位进行比较,得出韩家沱桥位(上桥位)为推荐桥位。通过对上、下桥位各桥型方案的通航净空尺度、桥墩位布置和施工因素对通航影响等方面进行研究,确定将韩家沱桥位432 m双塔斜拉桥作为推荐桥型。最后对建桥后的通航水流条件进行验证,并与建桥前进行比较,得出建桥后对库区航道通航影响较小,故韩家沱长江大桥方案选择合理可行。 相似文献
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耙吸挖泥船具有工况多、配置复杂的特点。长江中上游水域水流大、浅滩多的环境条件增加了耙吸挖泥船动力系统配置的难度。文章结合常规耙吸挖泥船的发电机配置方式,针对特殊的疏浚工况及恶劣的环境条件,分析了某耙吸挖泥船在不同工况下的电力需求,对发电机的配置进行了详细的论证分析,得出优化的发电机配置方案,达到高效、节能和冗余的目的。 相似文献
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For the very large floating structure (VLFS) which is deployed near seashores, islands and reefs, the encounter wave conditions are always extremely complex. Traditional methods using homogeneous wave environment conditions cannot be applied for the analysis. In order to provide references for the further development of numerical methods, this paper reports an experimental study on responses of an 8-module VLFS under three different encounter wave conditions. The wave heights, accelerations, motions and connector loads of VLFS in three test schemes are obtained and analyzed. The comparative results show that the inhomogeneous wave conditions have an essential influence on the responses of VLFS. Especially for the connector loads, the values in the inhomogeneous wave conditions increase a lot compared with the other two test schemes. It indicates the traditional numerical methods using homogeneous wave field may not guarantee a safe design of VLFS and its connectors in the complicated wave environments. 相似文献
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运用无应力状态控制法基本原理对大跨度斜拉桥施工控制计算中影响其计算结果闭合的因素进行分析,重点讨论了合龙、支座安装、临时支撑安装和拆除引起的状态不闭合,以及非线性和混凝土收缩徐变影响引起的计算不闭合。并在此基础上总结出斜拉桥无应力控制法闭合条件,以及实现闭合的计算流程。 相似文献
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选取典型工况通过非恒定数学模型计算分析滩段水位、流量、流速、比降等因素变化特性,得到日调节对筲箕背河段水流条件的影响。结果显示,2种日调节工况下非恒定流传播至筲箕背河段水位变幅在1.01~1.37 m,非恒定流对下游航道水流条件和对研究河段内的控制河段及航道维护设施等产生一定的影响,并且日变幅4.5 m较日变幅3.0 m工况对航道水流条件等影响更大。分析结果为优化枢纽航运调度方案和航道维护措施提供支撑。 相似文献
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Willer Luciano Carvalho Rodrigo Otavio Moreira da Cruz Joaquim José Guilherme de Aragão 《Research in Transportation Economics》2010,29(1):401-409
The lack of proper policies for the rural environment, in contrast to the situation in the urban environment in Brazil, has prevented the rural population from benefiting from basic infrastructure and access to their rights as citizens. The poor school transportation conditions are large barriers to access and retention of pupils in schools. These poor conditions, with lack of comfort and high accident risks, result in long travelling hours to reach the school and lessen learning performance because the children arrive in the school tired and sleepy. The Brazilian Federal Government has adopted different programs and actions in order to overcome these difficulties and to improve school conditions in general. A new standard vehicle has been adopted, which will be fit for the harsh road conditions in the rural areas, and handbooks have been introduced to help the municipalities and their officials to plan and to contract school transport services. This paper provides an overview of the outlook for rural school transportation in Brazil, describing the operational conditions (including trip and vehicle conditions) and their users, as well as analysis on the effects on school performance, and also the role of the local and Federal governments. 相似文献
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Hydrodynamic processes control many geochemical and ecological processes in the sea. In this paper, the influence of up- and downwelling and entrainment on the ecosystem components are studied. The ecohydrodynamic model was initially used to simulate the whole Baltic Sea to get the boundary conditions for the Gulf of Riga. Then, to study the influence of different hydrodynamic conditions on the algal bloom, three simulations were made for the Gulf of Riga using different boundary and entrainment conditions. It appears that upwelling in the gulf was strongly dependent on open boundary conditions between the Baltic Proper and the gulf. The vertical transport in the Gulf of Riga was many times more intensive in the calculation system Baltic Proper and Gulf of Riga, than in the case where only the Gulf of Riga was simulated. The blue–green algal bloom was influenced by the vertical transport due to different nutrients' limitation mechanism. 相似文献
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现行规范是以船闸引航道口门区通航水流条件作为船舶能否安全进出口门区的判别标准。通过调查研究,船舶进出船闸是否安全仅考虑口门区通航水流条件是不全面的,还应考虑船舶在该区域本身的运动特征。基于动量守恒定律并考虑水流对船舶的作用,分析船舶为维持安全所形成的航行运动特征,并通过通航水流条件和船舶航行条件的模型试验,对比研究两者的关系,提出了基于动量守恒定律的口门区船舶安全通航条件判定方法。结果表明,采用水流条件试验结果求得的口门区船舶安全通航最小临界速度判定船舶通航的安全性是合理可行的。 相似文献
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电站日调节非恒定流对下游河道的影响是向家坝工程在运行时需要考虑的主要问题。通过长河段二维非恒定数学模型计算分析向家坝日调节非恒定流对落锅滩河段航道通航水流条件的影响,选取两种典型日调节工况和泄洪工况分析河段内水位、流量、流速等水力因素变化特性。结果表明,两种典型日调节工况下非恒定流传播至落锅滩水位变幅在1. 26~1. 46 m,泄洪工况下水位最大日变幅在2. 05~2. 96 m,非恒定流对河段产生了一定影响,根据目前通航标准来看,4种工况下河段内水力指标均能够达到通航水力指标。建议对坝下非恒定流特征及其对航道、港口码头的影响情况进行原型观测,积累实践经验,为进一步优化电站调度方案和下游航道维护等方面提供依据。 相似文献