静液传动混合动力汽车的研究与进展

在对静液传动混合动力汽车和混合动力电动汽车进行充分分析比较的基础上,介绍了静液传动混合动力汽车的工作原理、结构特点及其应用,论述了其关键部件的选用对汽车的燃油经济性和整体性能的影响.分析了静液传动混合动力汽车效率的影响因素,并对控制策略的研究现状进行了综述.最后指出了静液传动混合动力汽车目前需要进行的主要研究工作.     

后置客车发动机的选配

发动机选配的好坏直接关系到整车动力性及经济性。本文主要就后置客车发动机选配时的原则、动力性、经济性及振动和噪声进行阐述。     

基于ISO362—1:2007对M1类车的试验研究

依据ISO 362—1:2007标准中关于M1类车的规定,对该类车辆进行了车外噪声测试试验,并根据测试结果讨论了该标准中几个不明确的地方。指出,对于配备既能锁挡也能不锁挡变速器的M1类车,应选用加速度接近参考加速度的挡位进行测试;对于配备能锁挡变速器的M1类车,无论选择1个挡位还是2个挡位进行测试,最后的结果都是一致的;对于M1类混合动力车辆,车辆的额定功率由电机和发动机的有效功率之和决定;对于M1类和M2类跨类车,M1类车的噪声测试结果比M2类车要大。     

基于行驶工况的汽车燃油经济性计算方法研究

根据汽车实际运行工况建立数据库,构建试验工况,分析汽车的燃油经济性。模拟汽车的中等速、加速、减速和怠速等工况的时间比例,在实验室底盘测功器上进行试验,测出等速、加速、减速及怠速等工况的燃油消耗,之后用加权平均方法评价车型的燃油经济性。结合具体车型参数,在实际行驶车辆进行跟踪测试统计的基础上,本文提出了建立一个准确的汽车...     

Parameter matchin and optimization for a hydraulic power-assistant system

A hydraulic power-assist system is a hydraulic regeneration system that can significantly improve fuel economy when installed on a conventional bus operating in urban traffic. This paper presents a methodology for matching a new hydraulic power-assist system (HPA) to a conventional bus. The HPA and the conventional bus were modeled using the AMESim environment. The HPA was optimized using a simulation-based orthogonal design method with two indexes, the fuel economy and the acceleration performance. According to the simulation results, the volume of the accumulator was the primary factor affecting fuel economy, and the gear ratio of the transfer case was the primary factor influencing the acceleration performance. As a result, tradeoffs between the two indexes are required for a practical operational scenario. Experimental results demonstrated that the optimal HPA installed on a conventional bus was able to satisfy the acceleration performance requirement of the vehicle and also reduced fuel consumption by 25 percent.     

Effects of FTP-75 mode vehicle fuel economy improvement due to types of power steering system

This paper focuses on fuel economy improvement according to the type of power steering system. Usually, a conventional power steering system is directly driven by the crankshaft of the engine with a belt, known as HPS (hydraulic power steering). However, there is some inefficiency with this system at high engine speeds. To improve this inefficiency, automobile makers have developed two power steering systems: EHPS (electro-hydraulic power steering) and MDPS (motor-driven power steering) or EPS (electric powered steering). However, there has been insufficient study of effects of the type of power steering system on fuel economy. In this paper, the effect of the type of power steering system on fuel economy is studied experimentally, and calculations of the effect on vehicle fuel economy are presenting using computer simulation with AVL cruise software. The results demonstrate that a 1% vehicle fuel economy improvement can be achieved in a vehicle with an electro-hydraulic power steering system compared to a vehicle with a hydraulic power steering system. In addition, a 1.7% vehicle fuel economy improvement can be achieved using a full electric power steering system in a FTP-75 driving cycle. These results could be used to choose a power steering system.     

ISAD柴油机控制策略的研究

分析了国内外混合动力汽车控制策略的特点,针对ISAD系统各部件的特性和车用柴油机运行工况,以SOC值、车速、功率、油门踏板位置为主要控制参数,按照整车的运行状况,从燃油经济性和动力源的合理配合角度制定了不同的控制策略,并对该控制策略在不同工况下的实施情况进行了详细阐述和分析。     

燃料电池轿车车内噪声特性试验分析

在半自由场消声室内四轮转毂试验台上对燃料电池轿车进行了声振特性测试,采集了不同车速工况下车内噪声信号及运动部件的振动加速度信号。分析了不同车速工况下车内噪声的分布状况及主要频率成分。通过信号分析表明,车内噪声来源于驱动电机总成和燃料电池系统中的氢泵、风机,产生的噪声通过空气直接传到车内,同时引起车身板件振动并向车内辐射噪声。根据样车的结构特点提出了减振降噪措施。     

Real-time weighted multi-objective model predictive controller for adaptive cruise control systems

In this paper, a novel spacing control law is developed for vehicles with adaptive cruise control (ACC) systems to perform spacing control mode. Rather than establishing a steady-state following distance behind a newly encountered vehicle to avoid collision, the proposed spacing control law based on model predictive control (MPC) further considers fuel economy and ride comfort. Firstly, a hierarchical control architecture is utilized in which a lower controller compensates for nonlinear longitudinal vehicle dynamics and enables to track the desired acceleration. The upper controller based on the proposed spacing control law is designed to compute the desired acceleration to maintain the control objectives. Moreover, the control objectives are then formulated into the model predictive control problem using acceleration and jerk limits as constrains. Furthermore, due to the complex driving conditions during in the transitional state, the traditional model predictive control algorithm with constant weight matrix cannot meet the requirement of improvement in the fuel economy and ride comfort. Therefore, a real-time weight tuning strategy is proposed to solve time-varying multi-objective control problems, where the weight of each objective can be adjusted with respect to different operating conditions. In addition, simulation results demonstrate that the ACC system with the proposed real-time weighted MPC (RW-MPC) can provide better performance than that using constant weight MPC (CW-MPC) in terms of fuel economy and ride comfort.     

机械传动车辆起步及连续加速过程性能仿真研究

基于部件的工作原理或试验结果,在Matlab/Simulink环境下,建立了某型机械传动车辆动力传动系统的模块化动态仿真模型,采用该仿真模型模拟了在不同驾驶模式下,车辆起步及连续加速过程中的动力性和燃油经济性。     

重型商用汽车排气系统流场分析

随着机动车辆尤其是重型商用车辆的增加,车辆废气、噪声等问题已成为影响人们日常生活的严重问题,而目前的排气系统存在不能有效的降低发动机排气噪声,同时排气阻力大,发动机功率损失较大,增加了耗油量。本文通过对某商用车型排气系统进行数值模拟,计算得到了其内部压力、速度、温度等参数的分布情况。根据分析结果,对消声器的内部结构进行了优化。改进后,内部流场的压力分布均匀,腔中大的湍流明显减少,避免二次噪音的出现,温度在两腔中变化明显,出口温度有所降低,消声器总体性能得到改善。     

Analysis on fuel economy and advanced systems of hybrid vehicles

Basic ideas on operation of hybrid vehicles were discussed from a view point of energy saving. Almost double fuel economy of series–parallel–hybrid vehicles was estimated on condition of no engine idling during vehicle stop, energy saving in acceleration using brake energy recovery and high efficiency operation on low load condition using series–hybrid system. From the discussion of overall efficiency, involving fuel cycle, under both low and high load conditions, both series–parallel–hybrid vehicles with internal combustion engine and fuel cell are supposed to have a high potential for the future.     

48VBSG混合动力系统控制策略开发及试验研究

传统内燃机结合48V BSG电机的弱混合动力系统是应对未来油耗法规的一种高性价比方案,其节油效果明显、成本低、开发难度小.为研究48V BSG混合动力系统对于现有车辆性能的改善效果,对一台量产SUV进行了改造,在原有的发动机上加装了48V BSG电机系统,实现了加速助力、能量回收、发动机高速起动等混合动力功能.在该车上,对上述混合动力功能的控制策略进行了研究与优化,并进行试验验证.改造前后的N EDC循环测试表明,该系统能够降低燃油消耗9.1%、THC排放34.3%、NMHC排放35.4%、NOx排放60.6%,并能大幅降低车辆起动的振动噪声水平,提升车辆动力性.     

Impact of Dynamic Fluid Slosh Loads on the Directional Response of Tank Vehicles

SUMMARY

A comprehensive directional dynamics model of a tractor-tank trailer is developed by integrating a non-linear dynamic fluid slosh model to the three-dimensional vehicle dynamics model. The nonlinear fluid slosh equations are solved in an Eulerian mesh to determine dynamic fluid slosh loads caused by the dynamic motion of the vehicle. The dynamic fluid slosh forces and moments are coupled with the vehicle dynamics model to study the directional response characteristics of tank vehicles. The directional response characteristics of partially filled tank vehicles employing dynamic slosh model are compared to those employing quasi-dynamic vehicle model, for steady as well as transient directional maneuvers. Simulation results reveal that during a steady steer maneuver, the dynamic fluid slosh loads introduce oscillatory directional response about a steady-state value calculated from the quasi-dynamic vehicle model. The directional response characteristics obtained using the quasi-dynamic and dynamic fluid slosh models during transient steer inputs show good correlation. Based on this study, it can be concluded that the quasi-dynamic model can predict the directional response characteristics of tank vehicles quite close to that evaluated using the comprehensive fluid slosh model.     

Active Roll Control of Articulated Vehicles

This paper describes an investigation into active roll control of articulated vehicles. The objective is to minimise lateral load transfer using anti-roll bars incorporating low bandwidth hydraulic actuators. Results from handling tests performed on an articulated vehicle are used to validate a nonlinear yaw/roll model of the vehicle. The methodology used to design lateral acceleration controllers for vehicles equipped with active anti-roll bars is developed using a simplified linear articulated vehicle model. The hardware limitations and power consumption requirements of the active elements are studied. The controller is then implemented in the validated articulated vehicle model to evaluate the performance of an articulated lorry with active anti-roll bars. The simulation results demonstrate the possibility of a significant improvement in transient roll performance of the vehicle, using a relatively low power system (10 kW), with low bandwidth actuators (5 Hz).     

液压悬置解耦膜异响分析解决过程

以解决某SUV车型液压悬置解耦膜异响为例,详细论述了整个异响分析过程及方法。采用专业振动加速度传感器设备测试,试验与分析研究相结合的方法,为工程解决此类问题提供参考。过程主要涉及异响源头诊断确认、异响原因理论分析、异响解决方案验证。     

混合动力与现代陆军装备

简要介绍了美国陆军与戴克集团、通用公司等合作在陆军装备的履带车辆和轮式车辆上应用混合动力的研制和试验情况,日本三菱公司等在民用车辆采用混合动力方面取得的成果,德国磁电机公司在军用车辆上的研究情况;论述了混合动力在燃油经济性、加速性、可靠性和排放等方面所具备的优势及应重点掌握的关键技术;对发展我国军民用混合动力时应注意的一些原则提出了自己的建议。     

混合动力汽车燃油经济性研究

应用能量分析的方法,以轿车和载货汽车为例,研究了混合动力汽车(HEV)与传统燃油发动机汽车的燃油经济性。发现按原车后备功率最大值时所对应的车速所需的驱动功率作为HEV燃油发动机功率的选择依据,节油效果最显著。当燃油驱动功率和电动驱动功率各占50%左右时,HEV轿车的经济性评价指标为原车的22.8%,HEV货车的经济性评价指标为原车的79.2%,同时又能保证动力性基本不变。结果表明,用混合动力可以有效地降低汽车的100km燃料消耗量,轿车的燃料消耗降低幅度大于货车。     

ISG混合动力汽车加速扭矩补偿策略与仿真

针对装用废气涡轮增压共轨柴油机的ISG混合动力汽车急加速时燃油消耗和排放上升的问题,通过采用电机瞬态加速扭矩补偿控制策略,对整车进行加速工况优化,可以在满足整车动力性的同时极大地改善混合动力汽车的燃油经济性,并减少尾气排放。     

基于CFD的双道超车过程气动特性分析

基于计算流体力学（CFD）中的动网格技术对双道超车进行了数值模拟，研究表明，双道超车过程中，3辆车周围均出现强烈的压强和空气流速变化，当主超车在两车之间时，流场变化更为复杂。随着车辆相对位置的变化，3辆车周围的涡形态发生明显变化，涡的变化消耗流场中的能量，使车身受力发生变化。行驶过程中，3辆车的侧向力、风压中心位置和横摆力矩均发生明显变化。绝对速度增加，主超车与被超车的最大侧向力均呈线性增长，给车辆行驶稳定性带来负面影响。