混合动力汽车产业发展现状及趋势

混合动力汽车(Hybrid Electric Vehicle, HEV)结合了传统驱动系统和能量存储系统,利用内燃机和电机来驱动车辆,是传统汽车向纯电动汽车过渡的重要桥梁,在如今电动汽车全球大爆发的背景下,混合动力汽车将成为未来节能减排愿景的重要组成部分。文章探讨了近年来混合动力汽车产业的发展状况,介绍了几种新型的混合动力技术,对混合动力汽车的技术优势和不足进行了分析研究,指出了当前混合动力汽车产业面临的一些问题,并对未来混合动力汽车的发展进行了展望。     

开展混合动力电动汽车的研究刻不容缓

本阐述了电动汽车的发展中受到的一些技术上的制约，指出混合动力电动汽车是当前解决电动汽车发展缓慢与节能，环保问题切实可行的技术之一，介绍了混合动力汽车动力驱动系统的形式，特点及关键技术。     

混合动力电动汽车中电池特性的研究

根据混合动力电动汽车要求蓄电池具有更高的比功率和充放电效率，提出了混合动力电动汽车用铅酸电池的充放电模型，并通过试验总结出主要模型参数的最佳工作区。所得结论为混合动力驱动系统参数的选择提供了依据。     

串联式混合动力电动汽车工作模式及运行工况分析

正混合动力电动汽车(Hybrid Electric Vehicle,HEV)是指同时配备电力驱动系统和辅助动力单元(Auxiliary Power Unit,APU)的电动汽车。混合动力电动汽车有广义和狭义之分。从狭义上来讲,既有内燃机又有电动机驱动的车辆才称为混合动力电动汽车。混合动力电动汽车综合了传统内燃机汽车和纯电动汽车的优点,具有高性能、低能耗及低污染的特点,在技术、经济及环境等方面存在较大的     

节能环保型汽车碳活塞技术正式引入中国

湘潭电机集团有限公司首次研发出的XD6120混合动力电动城市客车集成了纯电动汽车、内燃机汽车的技术和优势，主要由混合动力电传动系统、电动辅助系统和车身等三大系统组成，采用1台小功率柴油发动机和l台变频调速感应异步电动／发电机作为动力，构成一套由2种动力组成的混合动力驱动系统，既可单独又可共同驱动车辆。     

混合动力电动汽车结构分析

混合动力电动汽车（HEV）是指以蓄电池与辅助动力单元（APU）共同作为动力源的汽车。由于混合动力电动汽车在节能和降低排放污染方面的明显优势，因而受到很大的重视，研制开发和产业化的进程相当快，目前混合动力电动汽车主要有两种混合驱动结构，串联式和并联式，对这两种混合动力系统结构和特点进行了分析，并重点对并联式结构中的不同结构进行了分析介绍。     

混合动力电动汽车的结构与特性分析

混合动力电动汽车是当今汽车研究与开发的热点，本文阐述了串联式、并联式和混联式混合动力电动汽车的结构特点，并分析了各种混合动力电动汽车性能特点，提出了对我国研究与开发混合动力电动汽车类型与参数选择的看法。     

混合动力电动汽车关键技术

混合动力电动汽车（HEV）的核心是混合动力驱动系统，HEV系统具有高度的复杂性，混合动力系统设计的关键是系统结构的选择，整车能量管理策略的开发和系统参数的确定。功率分别是系统能量管理策略研究的关键，随着研究的深入，自适应控制，模糊逻辑控制，神经元网络控制等方法也得到了有效的运用。文中对子系统的关键技术及整车试验方法一评价体系的建立等方面进行了讨论。     

混合动力电动汽车技术综述

混合动力电动汽车就是将电动机与辅助动力单元组合在一辆汽车上作为驱动源,这样既可发挥发动机持续工作时间长、动力性好的优点,又可体现电动机无污染的好处。混合动力电动汽车按照能量合成的形式分为三种:串联式混合动力电动汽车、并联式混合动力电动汽车和混联式混合动力电动汽车。     

混合动力汽车技术分析及发展前景展望

混合动力汽车,指一辆车的驱动系由多个可以同时运转的单个驱动系联合组成。驱动系统能够保障车辆的行驶状态,同时可以决定车辆的行驶功率。目前较为时兴的是混合动力电动汽车。由于能源危机和环保的双重压力,混合动力电动汽车应运而生,而且具有广阔的发展前景。     

混合动力汽车动力总成试验台研究

基于混合动力汽车有串联、并联和混联等多种结构形式的特点,提出以模块化设计思想来搭建混合动力汽车动力总成试验台的方法,从而达到了在比较短的时间内、以尽量小的改动适应不同混合动力汽车动力总成结构形式组合需要的目标。根据研究需要,首先完成了混合动力汽车动力总成试验台并联形式的建设,并利用该试验台对所研制的混合动力城市客车多能源动力总成控制器进行了初步调试,验证了该控制器的软硬件设计和并联电动助力型控制策略。同时,所完成的发动机台架试验和电机台架试验也充分证明了试验台模块化设计思想的可行性和有效性。     

Analysis of planetary gear hybrid powertrain system part 2: Output split system

In recent studies, various types of multi-mode electric variable transmissions for hybrid electric vehicles have been proposed. A multi-mode electric variable transmission consists of two or more different types of a planetary gear hybrid powertrain system (PGHP), which can change power flow type using clutches to improve transmission efficiency. Input split systems are generally used for the single-mode powertrain because of their overall superiority, but other power split systems such as output split and compound split systems can be used in the dual-mode powertrain. In this study, we analyze the power transmission characteristics of output split systems, and evaluate their fuel economies in the FTP72 cycle, acceleration performance, and constant vehicle speeds. These results enable the selection of appropriate systems for a dual-mode powertrain.     

Development of fuel cell hybrid powertrain research platform based on dynamic testbed

An experimental research platform based on a dynamic testbed is developed and applied for fuel cell hybrid powertrain integration and control. A driver brake model is added to the dynamic testbed to simulate the braking process of an electric vehicle. Sub-systems of the fuel cell hybrid powertrain are tested, and characteristic parameters are obtained. A simulation platform is constructed in LabVIEW environment, and its validity is verified by dynamic test results. A real time control system is developed with an embedded PC for the function of rapid control prototyping. Using this platform, fuel cell battery hybrid and fuel cell supercapacitor hybrid configurations are investigated. This platform provides a powerful tool for fuel cell powertrain research and development.     

Topological analysis of powertrains for refuse-collecting vehicles based on real routes–Part I: Hybrid hydraulic powertrain

In this two-part paper, a topological analysis of powertrains for refuse-collecting vehicles (RCVs) based on the simulation of different architectures (internal combustion engine, hybrid electric, and hybrid hydraulic) on real routes is proposed. In this first part, a characterization of a standard route is performed, analyzing the average power consumption and the most frequent working points of an internal combustion engine (ICE) in real routes. This information is used to define alternative powertrain architectures. A hybrid hydraulic powertrain architecture is proposed and modelled. The proposed powertrain model is executed using two different control algorithms, with and without predictive strategies, with data obtained from real routes. A calculation engine (an algorithm which runs the vehicle models on real routes), is presented and used for simulations. This calculation engine has been specifically designed to analyze if the different alternative powertrain delivers the same performance of the original ICE. Finally, the overall performance of the different architectures and control strategies are summarized into a fuel and energy consumption table, which will be used in the second part of this paper to compare with the different architectures based on hybrid electric powertrain. The overall performance of the different architectures indicates that the use of a hybrid hydraulic powertrain with simple control laws can reduce the fuel consumption up to a 14 %.     

用于混合动力控制的汽油机动态转矩建模仿真

针对混合动力系统能量管理及动力平稳传递控制策略开发的需要,以MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真软件为工具,建立了发动机平均值模型,模型能够根据发动机转速和节气门开度实时计算出发动机的稳态和动态转矩。在发动机动态试验台上验证了该模型,表明模型达到了需要的计算精度和实时性要求。对给定的转矩曲线进行动态跟随时发动机的节气门开度变化情况进行了仿真分析。模型可用于混合动力控制策略开发中的仿真及在线转矩估计,为并联式混合动力系统能量分配和动态协调控制中的发动机转矩反馈提供了基础。     

Modeling and control strategy development of a parallel hybrid electric bus

This paper presents the system modeling, control strategy design, and experiment validation of a parallel hybrid electric bus with an automatic manual transmission (AMT) and a dry clutch. The mathematical model representation and the system architecture of the powertrain are first described. Next, a complete control scheme including energy management strategy and coordinated control of the AMT and the clutch is presented. The controller and powertrain models are then integrated in a way that the power management and the hybrid driveline perform in real world. The analysis and validation through model simulation and comparison with experiment data are conducted. A good agreement between the model and experiment demonstrates the efficacy and credibility of the integrated model. The integrated model is employed in both simulation and bench-test assessments for the development of a hybrid control unit. The results indicate that the model-based design methodology is beneficial to systematically analyzing and understanding the dynamics of hybrid electric powertrain.     

Simulation of a powertrain system for the diesel hybrid electric bus

The plug-in hybrid electric bus (HEB) is designed to overcome the vulnerable driving range and performance limitations of a purely electric vehicle (EV) and have an improved fuel economy and lower exhaust emissions than those of a conventional bus and convention HEBs. The control strategy of the plug-in parallel HEB??s complicated connected propulsion system is one of the most significant factors for achieving a higher fuel economy and lower exhaust emissions than those of the HEV. The proposed powertrain control strategy has flexibility in adapting to the battery??s state of charge (SOC), exhaust emissions, classified driving patterns, driving conditions, and engine temperature. Simulation is required to model hybrid powertrain systems and test and develop powertrain control strategies for the plug-in parallel HEB. This paper describes the simulation analysis tools, powertrain components?? models and modifications, simulation procedure, and simulation results.     

四轮驱动混合动力汽车动力系统设计

根据混合动力系统零部件选型设计原则和整车在运行条件下的功率、扭矩需求,确定了动力系统的发动机、SSG、轮毂电机和蓄电池的性能参数,并进行了优化匹配、建模仿真和道路试验。结果表明,所设计的混合动力系统可满足整车的性能要求,所述方法和所得结果为混合动力系统的设计提供了理论基础。     

氢电混合动力车动力系统结构布置研究

随着能源危机和环境恶化,汽车工业的进一步发展受到极大的挑战,发展新能源汽车成为未来汽车工业的发展方向。氢电混合动力车是一种新能源车,其动力系统的性能对汽车的整体性能起着至关重要的作用,为了更好地实现其性能,对其结构布置进行研究很有必要。通过与传统汽车、油电混合动力车以及纯燃料电池车的动力系统进行对比,研究了氢电混合动力车动力系统的组成与特点;并详细研究了动力系统的结构布置及其特点和各自适合的工况条件。通过以上的研究,为后续动力系统结构布置的选择提供了参考,并指出了其未来发展的方向。     

混合动力无级变速运行模式的试验研究

介绍了混联式混合动力轿车Prius动力总成THS的结构，阐述了THS中行星齿轮实现无级变速和转矩分配的原理以及年载数据采集系统。利用试验数据，总结出多种混合动力工作模式，并通过转矩-转速图进行了验证。