岩沥青对沥青混合料路用性能的影响研究

文章针对印尼产Buton岩沥青的特性,对不同掺量的岩沥青改性沥青混合料和复合改性沥青混合料SMA-10的水稳定性、高温稳定性和低温抗裂性分别进行室内对比试验研究。结果表明,随着岩沥青掺量的增加,岩沥青改性混合料和复合改性沥青混合料的水稳定性、高温稳定性和低温抗裂性等路用性都能改善明显,其中,以岩沥青掺量为沥青混合料质量的3％时,综合路用性能改善效果最好。     

布敦岩沥青与SBR复合改性乳化沥青制备及性能研究

文章采用先改性后乳化、边乳化边改性和先乳化后改性三种不同方法制备布敦岩沥青与SBR复合改性乳化沥青,通过储存稳定性、蒸发残留物含量、粒度分析等试验确定三种不同制备方法对布敦岩沥青与SBR复合改性乳化沥青的适用性;选用最佳方法制备不同布敦岩沥青掺量的布敦岩沥青与SBR复合改性乳化沥青,并通过沥青基本性质、布氏黏度、DSR试验对采用低温蒸残方式获取的蒸发残留物进行性能评价,探索布敦岩沥青对SBR改性乳化沥青高温性能的提升效果及其最佳掺量。试验结果表明:通过边改性边乳化方法制备的布敦岩沥青与SBR复合改性乳化沥青沥青含量高、储存稳定性好、颗粒均匀,加入布敦岩沥青的SBR改性乳化沥青的高温性能显著提升,3%掺量时综合性能最佳。     

布敦岩沥青改性沥青混合料的路用性能研究

文章以道路材料实验室为依托,通过中海油AH-70#基质沥青、布敦岩沥青(BRA)、SBS改性沥青混合料的对比试验,研究以干法掺入不同BRA掺量的改性沥青混合料的综合路用性能。结果表明:布敦岩沥青混合料的高温稳定性、水稳定性和低温性能明显优于基质沥青混合料;当BRA掺量为3%时,混合料各项指标均已接近或达到了SBS改性沥青沥青混合料的性能,而当掺量从3%增加到4%时,混合料的高温性能、水稳性能均有所降低,因此,工程应用中的布敦岩沥青掺量宜在3%附近。     

岩沥青改性沥青混合料路用性能评价

文章针对重载和高温条件下沥青路面的车辙问题,采用天然岩沥青作为改性剂,优选矿料级配制备岩沥青改性沥青混合料,对其路用性能进行试验研究与系统评价,为天然岩沥青改性混合料用于沥青路面建设提供技术支持.     

热再生沥青混合料设计与试验研究

为研究废旧沥青路面材料(RAP)掺量热再生沥青混合料的影响,在分析RAP中旧沥青胶结料及集料的性能参数的基础上,根据老化沥青性能改善的试验,确定了不同RAP掺量下旧沥青、再生剂及新沥青的掺配比例,进而确定了不同RAP掺量下的沥青最佳用量。并对再生沥青混合料的马歇尔设计参数和路用性能进行了试验研究,分析了RAP掺量对再生沥青混合料路用性能的影响。     

岩沥青对沥青混合料低温抗裂性能的影响研究

文章结合参考文献研究成果,就印尼产Buton岩沥青和新疆产岩沥青对沥青混合料的低温性能的影响进行对比试验研究,结果表明：Buton岩沥青能够有效提高沥青混合料的低温抗裂性,而新疆岩沥青改善作用甚微;可以通过与SBS复合改性、增加沥青用量、采用SMA级配类型等来综合改善新疆岩沥青改性沥青混合料的低温抗裂性能。     

丁苯胶乳对改性乳化沥青性能的影响

通过比较不同品牌、不同掺入方法和不同掺量丁苯胶乳对改性乳化沥青存储稳定性、乳化沥青筛上剩余量、蒸发残留物的延度、软化点、针入度、乳化沥青稀浆混合料湿轮磨耗值的影响,并从微观角度分析了丁苯胶乳对乳化沥青性能的改性效果,结果表明C丁苯胶乳各方面性能较好；内掺法比外掺法生产的改性乳化沥青性能更稳定；确定丁苯胶乳用量时,要综合考虑改性乳化沥青的筛上剩余量和蒸发残留物的三大指标.     

微表处用改性乳化沥青高温性能及评价指标研究

文章为研究丁苯橡胶(SBR)掺量对改性乳化沥青高温性能的影响,对不同SBR掺量的改性乳化沥青进行软化点、针入度、高温剪切流变与车辙变形试验,分析其高温性能影响趋势,并通过灰色关联法分析改性乳化沥青的针入度、软化点、高温流变性能与抗车辙性能的关系:结果表明:SBR的掺入能有效提高改性乳化沥青的高温性能,随着SBR掺量的增加,改性乳化沥青软化点、复数剪切模量、车辙因子与临界温度呈上升趋势,说明SBR掺量的增加可以有效提高改性乳化沥青高温抗车辙能力,降低其高温敏感性;改性乳化沥青混合料的抗车辙能力随着SBR掺量的增加而提高;通过灰色关联分析发现可采用改性乳化沥青的针入度与相位角(58℃)表征其抗车辙能力。     

布敦岩沥青与SBS复合改性沥青老化前后高低温性能研究

文章为掌握布敦岩沥青与SBS复合改性沥青老化前后高低温性能,制备不同布敦岩沥青掺量复合改性沥青,采用动态剪切流变(DSR)和弯曲梁流变(BBR)试验分别对原样、RTFOT短期老化和PAV长期老化后沥青的高低温性能进行研究。结果表明:随着布敦岩沥青掺量的增加及老化程度的加深,其与SBS复合改性沥青的高温性能逐渐增强,低温性能逐渐减弱;增加布敦岩沥青掺量能改善其与SBS复合改性沥青的高低温性能抗老化能力,但掺量越高改善效率越低。     

生物结合料共混沥青改性技术研究

为研究生物结合料共混沥青改性性能,以研制出一种低价、高质的生物共混沥青,文章采用三大指标常规试验,对生物油、生物共混沥青和SBS改性生物共混沥青进行性能评价。结果表明:四种生物油单掺结果中生物油A综合性能最优;15%生物油A掺量下生物共混沥青性能最优,满足90号道路石油沥青技术要求;优选SBS改性生物共混沥青最优掺量为15%生物油A、3%SBS。     

Analysis of factors affecting the choice of route of pedestrians

Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD).

An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip.

It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links.     

Non-parametric analyses of efficiency of airports

This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress.     

波纹管应力分析研究进展

评述了波纹管应力理论研究方法的进展情况，围绕解析法、工程近似法和数值法，对波纹管理论研究中的一些主要成果作了较详细的回顾和总结，对各种研究方法作出了评价，展望了亟待解决的一些问题。     

实现多组态计量软件集中监控的可行性分析

天然气自动计量系统有多种组态软件,由于软件的不相通性,造成了计量系统数据采集的通用性差、数据传输与入库的时效性差、数据利用的可靠性低.结合各组态软件的实际情况,从设计上充分利用Oracle大数据处理能力以及Partition(分区表)的特性,实现历史数据的存储,应用WebService与COM+数据访问组件提供多层数据访问架构,采用OPC与DDE工业数据交换协议,实现了各站场计量数据的实时上传,为连续数据采集和实时监控提供了可能,节约了改造成本.     

注汽管道承压能力评估和实物试验验证

基于失效评估图技术对某注汽管道进行了承压能力评价,给出了管线在不同腐蚀壁厚情况下的极限承压能力和极限裂纹尺寸。并利用实物爆破试验验证了评价方法的安全性和有效性,通过对爆破断口进行宏观和微观分析,发现管段的开裂属于脆性开裂。     

输油管道中原油乳状液的流变性研究

原油乳状液的流变性是原油开采后在管道中输送的重要研究方面,为了更好地研究这一性质,采用电动搅拌机、偏光显微镜以及流变仪等仪器来测定不同含水率的原油乳状液在不同条件下的黏度,观测不同含水率的原油乳状液在偏光显微镜下的形态。并且分别对原油乳状液的黏度与含水率之间的关系以及与剪切速率之间的关系进行研究,初步确定了所测区块原油乳状液的转相点以及该区块原油乳状液的流变特性,为生产中的油气集输提供了理论依据。     

城市轨道交通杂散电流监测系统概述

介绍了城市轨道交通工程中杂散电流不同的监测系统的构成,分析了集中式、分散式和智能型等监测系统的配置和功能,以及智能型实时在线监测系统的重要意义,为轨道交通工程杂散电流监测系统的选择与应用提供参考。     

埋地管道防腐保温层失效评价

明确埋地管道防腐保温层的技术评价标准,对埋地钢质管道的安全运行,延长管道使用寿命具有重要意义。为了对埋地管道防腐保温层做出有效评价,从间接检测与开挖检测2个方面,结合现场检测数据,提出了基于防腐保温层的电流衰减率、绝缘电阻率、质量状况与厚度的分级评价标准及基于4种评价指标的综合评判方法。工程实践表明,该评价标准对防腐保温层是否存在失效能做出有效判断。     

Preliminary results of an analysis of areas of influence in Shanghai

The main deficiency of most current modeling approaches to transportation can be identified as neglect of the integration of existing geographical knowledge in regard to the ex ante transport/land use modeling approaches, with its focus on territorial dynamics and theory development. This paper addresses this aspect of the problem by introducing a theoretical and methodological framework for the analysis of the interrelationship between land uses. The analysis attempts to determine to what extent the functional land use in a city can be considered an ordered pattern. The order sought does not rely on purely spatial configurations, but on the correlation of transportation and land use. The first section of this paper focuses on theoretical considerations. It stresses the fact that conventional approaches do not apply in the present context. It then suggests an alternative based on areas of influence and measured in terms of level of attractance of land uses. The second describes a procedure based on this alternative following the remarkable contribution of Hanjoul, Beguin and Thill. An application of this procedure to the analysis of Shanghai is then examined. Finally, an evaluation of the strategies for optimizing the interrelationship between land uses is presented. The paper concludes with a possible research agenda.     

Direct analysis of the perceived importance of attributes of reliability of travel modes in urban travel

Reliability of travel modes was found to be the most important characteristic of transportation systems in several attitudinal investigations of individual travel behavior. This paper represents the first part of a research effort aimed at gaining a better understanding of the characteristics of reliability of transportation modes in urban travel. In this research, reliability characteristics are identified; their importance relative to each other is assessed, and an insight into possible structure of an objective reliability index is discussed. The research is based on perceived values of reliability, which were identified through a large attitudinal survey conducted in the Chicago metropolitan area.