自动化监测技术在运营地铁隧道中的应用

自动化监测技术在地铁隧道运营期中的应用至关重要,从地铁隧道自动化监测技术的组成结构入手,分析运营地铁隧道自动化监测内容,探讨自动化监测技术在运营地铁隧道中的应用,以供参考。     

地铁隧道施工对地表沉降影响的优化控制分析

基于控制理论,建立了城市地铁隧道工程地表沉降的理论控制模型;结合动态规划原理,提出了城市地铁隧道工程地表沉降动态最优控制策略制定程序.文章对深圳地铁大剧院站～科学馆站区间三连拱隧道工程地表沉降的控制问题进行了理论探索,取得一些有意义的成果,为该工程的顺利实施提供了重要的依据并具有一定的指导作用.     

地铁车站近接正交下穿既有地铁隧道的变形分析

北京地铁五号线崇文门车站正交下穿既有地铁二号线崇文门站东端喇叭口式过渡段区间,两者之间的净距仅为1.98m.该地铁车站施工采用全断面注浆条件下的柱洞法.文章以此工程背景为研究对象,采用3D-σ三维数值分析软件,建立地铁车站-已有地铁隧道的三维有限元模型,计算分析隧道动态施工时地层以及既有地铁隧道沉降变形发展规律,对比分...     

广州地铁二号线越-三区间隧道盾构工程衬砌管片接缝防水技术

文章着重介绍了广州地铁二号线越-三区间隧道盾构工程管片接缝防水的设计和施工技术,以期为今后类似工程提供借鉴.     

上海软土隧道盾构施工技术专家系统综述

由上海隧道工程股份有限公司、上海市地铁总公司、同济大学和上海大学等单位结合上海地铁１号线工程，成功地开发了“软土隧道盾构施工技术专家系统”。研究人员在归纳总结国内外隧道盾构施工的理论研究、工程实践的基础上，形成了专家系统的知识源，然后应用先进的计算机技术，开发了盾构型式及辅助施工法的选择、预测地面变形、优化施工参数、控制地层变形和保护建筑设施的软件程序，实现了人机对话，经地铁１号线区间隧道工程应用     

地铁隧道底部探测技术及应用

地铁工程不仅要保证施工过程中的安全,而且要保障长期运营中的安全,因此隧道底部地质环境是地铁工程需重点考虑的特殊问题.文章介绍了地铁隧道底部地质探测的必要性,总结了国内外专家关于地铁隧道地质探测方法的研究成果;针对地铁工程的特殊性,提出了地铁隧道底部探测预报措施以地质法为基础、其它方法综合运用的原则,对探测技术的原理作了论述."武汉地铁二号线虎泉段隧道底部岩溶探测"项目的应用实践结果表明,该项探测技术能够基本满足地铁工程需要,探测准确度较高,值得在地铁工程中推广,有必要进行更深入的研究.     

南京地铁一号线许府巷一南京站盾构区间地震液化分析

文章首先概括介绍了饱和砂土、粉土地震液化的机理及判别方法,并重点介绍城市地铁盾构隧道抗地震液化问题的处理方法,其中就地铁开挖后土层是否液化以及注浆处理后的液化范围进行的初步探讨,对城市地铁勘察设计和施工具有一定的参考价值.     

东山口人行隧道跨越地铁隧道区段的施工技术

随着社会经济的发展,地铁在我国越来越多的城市建成,地铁隧道主要沿着城市干道修建.与此同时,人行天桥越来越与城市环境不相协调,而且,施工时常常会阻断交通,因此,更多采用暗挖人行隧道来解决繁华路口行人过街问题,这样,就给人行隧道的设计和施工带来一定难度.文章介绍了广州市东山口人行隧道跨越地铁隧道区段的施工技术,可为以后类似工程提供参考.     

地铁隧道盾构施工风险管理研究

地铁隧道盾构施工风险管理至关重要,涉及多复杂因素,需全面分析处理,此举既保障施工人员安全,又提升地铁建设质量和效率。分析评估地铁隧道盾构施工所面临的风险类型,并提出科学的风险管理措施和方法,能够有效降低施工过程中的风险发生的概率,提高地铁建设的质量和效率,以期为地铁建设事业的可持续发展提供有力保障。     

西安地铁二号线地裂缝段防水设计探讨

地裂缝是西安市地铁工程建设面临的重大难题,其活动将给地铁的防水带来很大的压力.结合西安市地铁二号线地裂缝段处置措施的课题研究,对地裂缝的成因及特点进行了说明;根据地裂缝段地铁的结构设置情况和地裂缝的特点,提出了GINA止水带法、可卸式管片拼装双层结构法和管中管法等三种具体的防水方案.     

Analysis of factors affecting the choice of route of pedestrians

Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD).

An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip.

It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links.     

Non-parametric analyses of efficiency of airports

This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress.     

波纹管应力分析研究进展

评述了波纹管应力理论研究方法的进展情况，围绕解析法、工程近似法和数值法，对波纹管理论研究中的一些主要成果作了较详细的回顾和总结，对各种研究方法作出了评价，展望了亟待解决的一些问题。     

实现多组态计量软件集中监控的可行性分析

天然气自动计量系统有多种组态软件,由于软件的不相通性,造成了计量系统数据采集的通用性差、数据传输与入库的时效性差、数据利用的可靠性低.结合各组态软件的实际情况,从设计上充分利用Oracle大数据处理能力以及Partition(分区表)的特性,实现历史数据的存储,应用WebService与COM+数据访问组件提供多层数据访问架构,采用OPC与DDE工业数据交换协议,实现了各站场计量数据的实时上传,为连续数据采集和实时监控提供了可能,节约了改造成本.     

注汽管道承压能力评估和实物试验验证

基于失效评估图技术对某注汽管道进行了承压能力评价,给出了管线在不同腐蚀壁厚情况下的极限承压能力和极限裂纹尺寸。并利用实物爆破试验验证了评价方法的安全性和有效性,通过对爆破断口进行宏观和微观分析,发现管段的开裂属于脆性开裂。     

输油管道中原油乳状液的流变性研究

原油乳状液的流变性是原油开采后在管道中输送的重要研究方面,为了更好地研究这一性质,采用电动搅拌机、偏光显微镜以及流变仪等仪器来测定不同含水率的原油乳状液在不同条件下的黏度,观测不同含水率的原油乳状液在偏光显微镜下的形态。并且分别对原油乳状液的黏度与含水率之间的关系以及与剪切速率之间的关系进行研究,初步确定了所测区块原油乳状液的转相点以及该区块原油乳状液的流变特性,为生产中的油气集输提供了理论依据。     

埋地管道防腐保温层失效评价

明确埋地管道防腐保温层的技术评价标准,对埋地钢质管道的安全运行,延长管道使用寿命具有重要意义。为了对埋地管道防腐保温层做出有效评价,从间接检测与开挖检测2个方面,结合现场检测数据,提出了基于防腐保温层的电流衰减率、绝缘电阻率、质量状况与厚度的分级评价标准及基于4种评价指标的综合评判方法。工程实践表明,该评价标准对防腐保温层是否存在失效能做出有效判断。     

城市轨道交通杂散电流监测系统概述

介绍了城市轨道交通工程中杂散电流不同的监测系统的构成,分析了集中式、分散式和智能型等监测系统的配置和功能,以及智能型实时在线监测系统的重要意义,为轨道交通工程杂散电流监测系统的选择与应用提供参考。     

Preliminary results of an analysis of areas of influence in Shanghai

The main deficiency of most current modeling approaches to transportation can be identified as neglect of the integration of existing geographical knowledge in regard to the ex ante transport/land use modeling approaches, with its focus on territorial dynamics and theory development. This paper addresses this aspect of the problem by introducing a theoretical and methodological framework for the analysis of the interrelationship between land uses. The analysis attempts to determine to what extent the functional land use in a city can be considered an ordered pattern. The order sought does not rely on purely spatial configurations, but on the correlation of transportation and land use. The first section of this paper focuses on theoretical considerations. It stresses the fact that conventional approaches do not apply in the present context. It then suggests an alternative based on areas of influence and measured in terms of level of attractance of land uses. The second describes a procedure based on this alternative following the remarkable contribution of Hanjoul, Beguin and Thill. An application of this procedure to the analysis of Shanghai is then examined. Finally, an evaluation of the strategies for optimizing the interrelationship between land uses is presented. The paper concludes with a possible research agenda.     

Direct analysis of the perceived importance of attributes of reliability of travel modes in urban travel

Reliability of travel modes was found to be the most important characteristic of transportation systems in several attitudinal investigations of individual travel behavior. This paper represents the first part of a research effort aimed at gaining a better understanding of the characteristics of reliability of transportation modes in urban travel. In this research, reliability characteristics are identified; their importance relative to each other is assessed, and an insight into possible structure of an objective reliability index is discussed. The research is based on perceived values of reliability, which were identified through a large attitudinal survey conducted in the Chicago metropolitan area.