铝基牺牲阳极阴极保护在海船压载水舱中的…

海船压载舱作用海水压线，引进船体板的腐蚀，焊缝处会产生蚀孔漏水。采用铝基牺牲阳极阴极保护系统可大为降低腐蚀速率，使压载水舱的保护度在７８％－９５％，保护与未作保护的试片腐蚀率相差８倍，效果明显。     

船舶压载舱腐蚀原因及防腐涂层的研究

船舶的压载水舱由于工作环境恶劣,干湿交替频繁,以及结构复杂不易进行清洁和涂装维护,是船舶各舱室中腐蚀最为严重的部位之一。而压载舱的腐蚀问题往往会带来严重的安全隐患。一些重大船舶事故便是由于压载舱严重腐蚀导致结构强度大幅下降而造成的。而目前国内船舶压载舱防腐涂料的性能与新标准要求的相差较大。因此,研制出我国自己的符合新标准要求的船舶压载舱防腐涂料己成为当务之急。     

永记造漆研制新型船舶压载舱涂料

压载舱由于工作环境恶劣,干湿交替频繁,以及结构复杂不易进行清洁和涂装维护,使得其成为船舶各舱室中腐蚀最为严重的部位之一,而压载舱的腐蚀问题往往会带来极其严重的安全隐患,这就对船舶压载舱涂料有着很高的要求。目前市场上的船舶压载舱涂料溶剂含量高,具有公害大、不环保等缺点,并且耐磨性差、耐水及耐海水性差。     

《压载舱涂层检验三方协议》的编制要点

本文根据PSPC（《压载舱保护涂层性能标准》）要求，阐述了《压载舱涂层检验三方协议》的必要性和重要性，介绍了编制的要点。     

港口国检查（PSC）“稳性、结构和相关设备”常见缺陷

1、压载舱和货舱内结构*压载舱和货舱内的构件,经常会出现因腐蚀(海水、货物)、应力集中等引发断裂、严重减薄(形状如刀片)的严重缺陷;     

《船舶压载舱保护涂层性能标准》PSPC(PERFORMANCE STANDARD FOR PROTECTIVE COATINGS)

正【背景】由于专用海水压载舱的腐蚀状况严重威胁着船舶的航行安全和结构安全,国际海事组织(IMO)对压载舱涂层的性能越来越重视。1995年11月通过第A.798(19)决议《专用海水压载舱防腐系统的选择应用和指南》,以改进散货船和油轮的压载舱安全性能。1998年7月,《专用海水压载舱防腐系统的选择应用和指南》被SOLAS公约修正案第II-1/3-2条引用,但仍属建议性并非强制性。2002年12月海安会(MSC)76次会议通过了制定强制性的国际涂层性能标准,并指定船舶设计设备分委会(DE)承担此项任务。     

《原油油船货油舱保护涂层性能标准》的应用研究

文章简要介绍了《原油油船货油舱保护涂层性能标准》(以下简称"货油舱PSPC"),通过与压载舱保护涂层性能标准(以下简称"压载舱PSPC")的比较,分析了货油舱PSPC与压载舱PSPC相异的技术条款对船舶建造的影响,研究了大连中远川崎船舶工程有限公司满足货油舱PSPC实施难点的对应措施。     

船舶压载舱的牺牲阳极保护

论述了船舶压载舱产生腐蚀的原因、防腐蚀保护的方法。介绍了中国船级社有关牺牲阳极阴极保护的原则规定、设计要求、安装要求、定期检查项目。最后,将腐蚀的舱壁采用涂装或牺牲阳极阴极保护两种方法进行了经济效益对比分析,得出安装牺牲阳极阴极保护的经济效益显著的结论。     

日开发可抑制船舶涂膜劣化的新型钢板

日本IFE钢铁开发出可抑制船舶压载舱涂膜劣化新型高耐腐蚀性厚钢板“IFE-SIP-BT”？这种钢板找到了可抑制涂膜劣化的元素，提高了基于腐蚀生成物的钢材保护性能，可将劣化速度减慢到原钢材的一半左右。通过抑制涂膜劣化来延长涂膜寿命的钢板开发，在造船领域为全球首次。     

基于PSPC化学品船压载舱冲砂工艺研究

冲砂磨料在38 000 DWT双相不锈钢化学品船压载舱表面处理质量中具有重要作用,磨料选用适当能够节省资源,降低生产成本,提高生产效率。首先,通过实验对比并对磨料性能进行综合分析,选取碳钢和不锈钢磨料。其次,控制冲砂工艺参数,保证冲砂质量,满足PSPC规范要求。最后,提出不锈钢具有易腐蚀、与碳钢材质接触易发生渗碳等特性,压载舱碳钢部分冲砂时需对不锈钢进行保护,免遭外力冲击并保证不锈钢表面清洁。     

船舶压载水舱阴极保护状态自动实时监测系统的设计与研制

对于阴极保护下的船舶压载水舱等钢结构物,其阴极保护效果会随着船舶服役时间的延长而逐渐劣化。采用人工方法进行检测很难做到实时、全面、准确、便捷。为此我们研制了一套基于电位法腐蚀检测技术原理、结合计算机控制技术和网络通信技术的"腐蚀电位实时监测系统"。该系统由被保护对象、腐蚀电位信号采集传感器(参比电极)、腐蚀电位实时监测仪等硬件组成,结合腐蚀检测电位点设置、腐蚀电位趋势分析及报警等软件,实现了对船体(或压载水舱)腐蚀与保护状态的实时自动监测,能够及时准确地获得阴极保护状态信息,便于及时采取应对措施,是确保船舶航行安全的重要技术手段之一。     

压载舱涂层保护新工艺

介绍海水压载舱涂层性能保护所采取的新技术、新工艺,讨论从设计到平台总组、搭载各阶段的具体实施方法。通过前期的技术准备和工艺试行,使涂层得到了有效的保护,降低了机械损伤引起的破损,也满足了船舶压载舱保护涂层性能标准(PSPC)中的严格要求。     

A field study of the effectiveness of sacrificial anodes in ballast tanks of merchant ships

Sacrificial anodes have become a standard practice for the protection of ballast tanks of merchant vessels against corrosive damage. A well protected tank should extend the life span of a ship and consequently enhances its economic value. An in situ survey comprising more than 100 merchant vessels provided the opportunity to measure the impact of these anodes on the life expectancy of these vessels. Contrary to the general belief of these anodes’ beneficial effect, no significant difference was found in our observations in terms of corrosion occurrence between ship populations with and without sacrificial anodes, across all ship ages. This may be explained by the highly variable conditions and the complex geometry in a ballast tank severely impede optimal and straightforward installation of these anodes in these tanks. Also, poorly placed anodes in it may harm the integrity of the coating of the tank. We therefore plead for uniform and clear rules on anode installation and inspection.     

1700箱集装箱船压载水系统的设计

结合我公司建造的1700箱集装箱船的情况,介绍了该船关于压载水管理系统的一种设计方法--连续换水法(BWM-F).该方法在没有对原有船体结构进行加强,没有改变原压载管布置,没有改变原压载泵的技术参数的情况下,通过对每个压载舱增加一路排舷外管达到了更换压载水的目的,满足压载水管理系统的要求.     

稀土对锌电极在碱性溶液中耐蚀性能的影响

本文通过动力学参数测试,析气实验研究了添加稀土金属对锌电极在碱性溶液中耐蚀性能的影响,结果表明添加少量稀土元素可以显著提高锌电极在碱性溶液中的耐蚀性.     

舰艇水污染现状分析与防治措施

针对舰艇特殊地位和任务特点,阐述目前我国舰艇水污染的现状,提出专用压载舱等方法,减少船在港时间和防止油舱受油水交替作用而腐蚀,使用物理化学法和生物氧化法对舰艇生活污水进行处理,加强舰艇防污设备的开发研制,大力发展先进的污水处理循环技术。     

Study on alternative approaches to corrosion protection of ballast tanks using an economic model

One of the most relevant problems in ship construction and maintenance nowadays is corrosion in ballast tanks of modern merchant vessels. On the one hand, there is a general consensus that the economic lifespan of such a vessel depends, to a large degree, upon the corrosion state of its ballast tanks, while on the other hand these ballast tanks, located between the outer hull and the cargo tanks, makes routine inspection and maintenance a difficult task.Today, ship's ballast tanks are usually constructed in steel and protected with an epoxy coating backed up by sacrificial zinc anodes. Such a construction has been applied without significant alterations for many years. The objective of this economic study is to compare this construction method with some potential alternatives. The considered alternatives are: (1) an increase in structural scantlings, eliminating the necessity to replace corroded at a cost of real cargo carrying capacity of the ship, (2) application of the novel and more durable TSCF₂₅ coating (3), the use of corrosion resistant steel in ship construction and (4) a standard PSPC₁₅ coating combined with lifetime lasting aluminum sacrificial anodes. A cost model was used to evaluate these alternative options together with sensitivity analysis. It is concluded that the durable coating and the use of lifetime lasting aluminum anodes are bound to improve the actual basic tank concept. Corrosion resistant steel becomes attractive when the steel price becomes competitive.     

潜艇动力抗沉影响因素仿真分析

对潜艇破损时使用高压气吹除主压载水舱进行了建模;分析了破损面积、破损位置、纵倾以及艇首弃载、延迟时间等因素对破损潜艇应急吹除的影响;纵倾控制在潜艇动力抗沉过程中十分重要,在吹除主压载水舱的过程中,应选择合理的吹除次序,以形成有利于抗沉的姿态.仿真结果验证了所建立模型的合理性和所提出操纵措施的可行性.     

Reducing the cost of ballast tank corrosion: an economic modeling approach

One of the most relevant problems in ship construction and maintenance nowadays concerns the corrosion in the double hull space ballast tanks of modern merchant vessels. On the one hand, there is a general consensus that the economic life span of such a vessel depends primarily upon the corrosion state of its ballast tanks, while on the other hand, the position of these tanks, squeezed between the outer hull and the loading tanks, makes routine inspection and maintenance almost impossible.Today, ship's ballast tanks are usually constructed in grade A steel and protected with a standard epoxy coating, backed up with sacrificial zinc anodes. Such a construction has been applied without significant alterations for many years. However, the objective of this economic study is to compare this construction method with some feasible alternatives. The considered alternatives are: (1) an increase of the scantlings, eliminating the necessity to replace corroded steel but diminishing the cargo carrying capacity of the ship, (2) application of the novel and more durable TSCF₂₅ coating (3), the use of corrosion resistant steel in ship construction or (4) a standard PSPC₁₅ coating combined with lifetime lasting aluminum sacrificial anodes. After running each alternative through a cost model including an extensive sensitivity analysis, it is concluded that the durable coating and the use of lifetime lasting aluminum anodes are bound to improve the actual basic tank concept. Corrosion resistant steel becomes attractive depending upon the evolution of the international steel market.     

双相不锈钢化学品船压载水舱涂装工艺

双相不锈钢化学品船的货舱壁采用双相不锈钢材质，可直接接触装载的化学品，货舱内壁无须进行涂装施工，但货舱外壁作为如压载水舱等其他舱室的舱壁，需要进行涂装施工。不锈钢原则上不能使用工厂常规使用的钢砂进行表面处理，为避免污染不锈钢板，须选用棕刚玉等非金属磨料。在制订38 000 DWT双相不锈钢化学品船压载水舱涂装工艺过程中，结合船厂的实际施工条件，兼顾建造成本，将压载水舱按照材质构成进行划分，针对不同情况进行表面处理和涂装施工，保证该船建造的顺利开展。