大型冷弯钢板桩沉桩工艺初探

以中油海渤海湾生产支持基地工程第1合同段为例,介绍一种大型冷弯钢板桩沉桩工艺,该工艺解决了冷弯型钢板桩桩身扭转给施工带来的困难,成功地创造了单日（24 h）沉桩90根的沉桩纪录。     

不同冷却方式对大尺寸钢板感应加热成形的影响

为有效解决船用中厚钢板复杂曲面加工问题,本文探究了空气冷却、正面水冷和反面水冷方式对大尺寸钢板弯曲成型的影响因素。首先采用COMSOL Multiphysics仿真平台模拟了电磁感应加热和冷却变形多物理场同步耦合过程,然后分析了各种因素对大尺寸钢板弯曲成型影响,最后通过实验验证了有限元模型的可靠性,并对感应加热弯曲成型效果进行评估。研究结果表明:(1)相对于水冷,空冷对钢板Y向位移改变效果显著。(2)相对于空冷,水冷对钢板角位移的改变影响明显。(3)当频率为50kHz时,电流频率对表面温度和角位移影响显著。(4)当钢板长宽比≥1:2时,Y向位移的增加比较显著；当长宽比≈1:1时,角位移的改变比较明显。     

冷弯钢板桩航道护岸施工工艺研究

冷弯钢板桩作为一种由冷弯机组连续滚压成型的桩基,在冷弯钢板桩侧面的锁扣能够连续性的搭接,可以获得板桩墙的结构体,常用在航道护岸工程当中。本文按照航道护岸工程的实践,就冷弯钢板桩航道护岸的施工工艺等展开了分析。通过本研究以期为促进冷弯钢板桩在航道护岸施工中应用效果的提升,提供有益的参考。     

超长冷弯钢板桩的沉桩理论分析与工程实践

为解决超长冷弯钢板桩沉桩困难、易扭曲变形等问题,在理论分析的基础上推导了自重作用下细长桩的最大稳定直立长度计算公式和桩体可承受的激振力公式,为超长钢板桩的施工工艺选择提供理论依据,并在某修船坞围堰工程冷弯钢板桩施工中得到验证。解决了冷弯钢板桩易变形扭曲沉桩困难等问题,提高了工作效率。     

不同冷却方式对大尺寸钢板感应加热成形的影响

为有效解决船用中厚钢板复杂曲面加工问题,研究空气冷却(空冷)、正面水冷和反面水冷方式对大尺寸钢板弯曲成形的影响因素。首先采用COMSOL Multiphysics仿真平台模拟电磁感应加热和冷却变形多物理场同步耦合过程,然后分析各种因素对大尺寸钢板弯曲成形的影响,最后通过试验验证有限元模型的可靠性,并对感应加热弯曲成形效果进行评估。结果表明:相对于水冷,空气冷却对钢板Y向位移改变效果显著;相对于空气冷却,水冷对钢板角位移的改变影响明显;当频率为50 k Hz时,电流频率对表面温度和角位移影响显著;当钢板长宽比不小于1∶2时,Y向位移的增加比较显著;当长宽比约为1∶1时,角位移的改变比较明显。     

冷弯钢板桩航道护岸施工技术

以山东内河某航道项目为例,针对冷弯钢板桩在项目中的应用,从施工前期准备及技术要点分析其工艺流程,并针对钢板桩沉降施工存在的问题提出具体解决对策,旨在提升冷弯钢板桩的应用水平。     

船体钢板切割温度场的有限元数值模拟探究

为了探究船体钢板切割温度场的有限元数值模拟,在分析了钢板切割温度场的基本理论的基础上,通过几何模型建立,网格尺寸的划分,材料特性,基于生死单元的热源模型,载荷和边界条件的具体分析,建立了钢板切割的温度场的有限元模型.经过初步计算,证明了数值模型的可行性,并初步得出了一些基本规律.     

邻近效应对钢板阻抗的影响机理与等效电路模型

为了研究舰船壳体作为电力系统和电子设备接地时的阻抗特性,对钢板上两点间的阻抗与外部线路之间的关系进行了分析.论述了邻近效应对钢板阻抗的影响机理,给出了相应的等效电路模型和计算与测量方法.阐述了强邻近效应情况下的磁场耦合不仅存在互感而且存在等效互电阻.采用有限元方法计算了钢板的耦合电阻,并通过实验验证了仿真计算和等效电路模型的正确性.     

不同温湿度分控空调系统在夏热冬冷地区高层住宅夏季能耗比较

以夏热冬冷地区某高层住宅建筑为研究对象,利用TRNSYS软件建立其地源热泵-溶液除湿温湿度分控空调系统模型,并验证该模型是可信。在可信模型的基础上分别建立空气源热泵-溶液除湿、地源热泵-冷凝除湿两种温湿度分控空调系统。通过模拟计算得到三种空调系统在夏季平均空调能耗指标分别为13.29、15.53和13.95kWh/m2。空调系统整体制冷能效比EER分别为4.27、3.66和4.07。本次研究为该地区高层住宅建筑的空调系统设计提供了相应参考。     

电磁力辅助线加热成形的加工温度优化分析

在船体外板线加热成形的过程中,利用电磁力促进钢板成形,可以提高钢板的成形效率和成形精度,此方法称为电磁力辅助线加热成形工艺.采用数值仿真手段对这种新工艺进行分析,在建立多物理场耦合的三维有限元模型的基础上进行模拟计算,研究了钢板表面温度对电磁力辅助钢板成形效果的影响,并对电磁力的辅助成形效果和钢板表面温度之间的关系进行了优化分析.     

10CrNi3MoV船用钢热冲压成形冷却速度研究

()冲压成形形状精度的主要因素,通过10CrNi3MoV船用钢()考察了10CrNi3MoV船用钢热冲压成形的传热特征,推导出的热()本方程,提出热冲压成形模具冷却系统设计相关技术问题.研究表明,当()临界冷却速度,才能使奥氏体直接转变为均匀马氏体;在模具结构、冷却系统、()确定的情况下,冷却速度只与板材自身条件有关,可以通过控制最佳水流速度实现()速度的控制,达到减少和消除热冲压成形中变形和回弹等缺陷,提高热冲压成形质量.     

A computational investigation of the effects of both-sides general corrosion on the buckling/plastic collapse behaviour and strength of stiffened plates

This paper presents the results of an investigation into the post-buckling behaviour and ultimate strength of imperfect corroded stiffened steel plates used in ships and other marine-related structures. A series of elastic–plastic large deflection finite element analyses is performed on stiffened steel plates suffering general corrosion wastage with random distribution. General corrosion is introduced into the finite element models using a random thickness surface model. The effects of corroded stiffened plate parameters on the post-buckling and ultimate strengths are evaluated in detail. The stiffeners of different symmetrical or unsymmetrical cross-sections are introduced into the models for analysis. Some distinctions are explored and highlighted between the behaviours of steel plates suffering general corrosion in unstiffened and stiffened cases. Finally, a proposal is given in order to simulate the average stress–average strain relationship of stiffened steel plates having both-surface general corrosion wastage.     

CFRP加固损伤钢板的拉伸及疲劳性能研究

文章基于Dugdale模型理论提出CFRP加固含裂纹钢板加固量的计算方法。通过虚拟裂纹闭合法建立模型来模拟塑性钢板的破坏过程,并完成相关试验,验证了CFRP加固含裂纹钢板有效粘贴长度、有效粘贴宽度取值的有效性。同时利用Paris公式预估疲劳寿命,并结合相关试验数据,探究了CFRP加固对含裂纹钢板疲劳寿命的提高作用。研究表明,有效粘贴长度、有效粘贴宽度的理论取值有效;通过CFRP双侧加固竖裂纹、斜裂纹钢板构件可分别使其疲劳寿命得到显著提高。     

Experimental and numerical investigation on welding simulation of long stiffened steel plate specimen

The paper presents the results of metal inert gas T-joint fillet welding tests of small scale rectangular stiffened steel plates longer than the standard test specimen. In the literature the focus is typically on plates with a small aspect ratio and the present work deals with plates of higher aspect ratio, which are the typical ones in marine structures, aiming to determine if there is any significant effect of welding along the longitudinal direction. Nonlinear thermo-elasto-plastic finite element models are adopted to evaluate the temperature distribution, welding induced distortions and residual stress in the stiffened plates of shipbuilding steel. Given the difficulty in data acquisition of temperature-dependent properties of the material, a simplified model of the properties is proposed, based on the values at room temperature. Good agreement is observed between the measured and simulated temperatures, indicating that the current finite element approach is appropriate to simulate the welding process. The proposed simplified material model can be efficiently used in the finite element analysis of welded steel structures. It is concluded that the welding parameters have more significant influence on the structural responses than the dimension of the plate.     

双层水平板式防波堤结构箱型水平板研究

双层水平板式防波堤是一种新型的水工结构物,采用上下两层水平板达到消浪、透水的目的.本文研究的水平板采用钢制箱型板结构.根据物理模型试验测定的波浪荷载,应用ANSYS有限元软件,分别探讨不同支承形式、钢板厚度、H型钢加劲肋个数和型号等因素对水平板应力和变形的影响,并与传统计算方法相比较,为双层水平板式防波堤的结构设计及工程应用提供参考.     

钢质夹层桥梁防护装置的耐撞性能研究

通过对桥梁防护装置研究,提出四棱柱式与双折叠式夹层板桥梁防护装置,采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA非线性有限元对其耐撞性能进行数值仿真,探讨两种夹层板防护装置的尺寸参数对其性能的影响.研究结果表明：经结构优化后四棱柱式夹层板的耐撞性能优于双折叠式;分别用两种夹层板替换传统钢质箱式防护装置的外围板,两种夹层板式防护装置的耐撞性能均优于传统钢质防护装置,而四棱柱式防护装置的性能最佳.     

A detailed finite element investigation of the effects of local lateral high-velocity impacts on the ultimate strength of unstiffened steel plates subjected to uniaxial in-plane compression

In this paper, the ultimate strength of unstiffened steel plates under uniaxial in-plane compression is numerically studied considering the local lateral impact of a rigid-body impactor. The plates are made of mild steel, where its behaviour is modelled by using the Johnson-Cook material model. The material parameters of the Johnson-Cook material model calibrated by the authors were employed for predicting the behaviour of the target in order to numerically reproduce the impact tests. The value of average in-plane stress of the plates is determined accounting for the collision of rigid-body impactor with masses of 50–150 gr and velocities of 400–1200 m/s. Moreover, the effects of stress waves induced as a result of lateral impact of the rigid-body impactor on the ultimate strength of the plates under uniaxial in-plane compression are also assessed. The results indicate that the ultimate strength of the plate decreases due to stress-wave creation and thus, it is required to take that into account. Besides, it is revealed that assuming the final damaged state of the plate after being laterally impacted by the rigid-body impactor as an initial condition, does not yield a correct response when evaluating its ultimate compressive strength under uniaxial in-plane compression.     

Extensive application of TMCP steel plates to ship hulls: 40 kgf/mm class high yield stress steel

A study was performed on TMCP (thermo-mechanical control process) - manufactured high-tensile steel plates with yield point of 40 kgf/mm² (YP40), which were recently developed for use in ship production and whose ease of shop fabrication is almost equal to that of the well-proven ship high-tensile steel plates (HT50) with yield points at 32 and 36 kgf/mm² levels.

The authors' study addressed the performance required of the YP40 TMCP high-tensile steel for ship applications, including strength characteristics of base metal and high-heat-input welded joints, and also shop fabrication methods suitable to this material.     

厚钢板焊接线能量和板厚与CTOD之间的回归分析

依据相关规范对海洋平台用EQ70、EQ56低合金调制高强度厚钢板焊接接头进行低温(-10℃)裂纹尖端张开位移(CTOD)韧度试验,对试验结果CTOD值与线能量和板厚进行回归分析,建立相应的回归数学模型,得到线能量、板厚对CTOD值的影响规律,对三者进行预报和控制,给出了焊接不同板厚所用线能量的上限值。