Stochastic optimal control for first-passage failure of nonlinear oscillators with multi-degrees-of-freedom

To enhance the reliability of the stochastically excited structure,it is significant to study the problem of stochastic optimal control for minimizing first-passage failure.Combining the stochastic averaging method with dynamical programming principle,we study the optimal control for minimizing first-passage failure of multidegrees-of-freedom（MDoF）nonlinear oscillators under Gaussian white noise excitations.The equations of motion of the controlled system are reduced to time homogenous difusion processes by stochastic averaging.The optimal control law is determined by the dynamical programming equations and the control constraint.The backward Kolmogorov（BK）equation and the Pontryagin equation are established to obtain the conditional reliability function and mean first-passage time（MFPT）of the optimally controlled system,respectively.An example has shown that the proposed control strategy can increase the reliability and MFPT of the original system,and the mathematical treatment is also facilitated.     

Dynamic model of underwater snake-like robot using Kane’s method

In this paper, a dynamic model for an underwater snake-like robot is developed based on Kane＇s dynamic equations. This methodology allows construction of the dynamic model simply and incrementally. The partial velocity is deduced. The forces which contribute to dynamics are determined by Kane＇s approach. The generalized active forces and the generalized inertia forces are deduced. The model developed in this paper includes inertia force, inertia moment, gravity, control torques, and three major hydrodynamic forces： added mass, profile drag and buoyancy. The equations of hydrodynamic forces are deduced. Kane＇s method provides a direct approach for incorporating external environmental forces into the model. The dynamic model developed in this paper is obtained in a closed form which is well suited for control purposes. It is also computationally efficient and has physical insight into what forces really influence the system dynamics. The simulation result shows that the proposed method is feasible.     

Study of tunnel thruster performance and flow by quasi-steady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes simulation

A numerical approach based on the solution of the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) equations using the shear-stress transport(SST) turbulence model has been employed to investigate the hydrodynamic performance and flow of tunnel thrusters.The flow passages between adjacent blades are discretized with prismatic cells so that the boundary layer flow is resolved down to the viscous sub-layer.The hydrodynamic performances predicted by the quasi-steady approach agree well with the experimental data for three impellers covering a range of blade area and pitch.Through analysis of the flow field,the reason why the hub of impeller also contributes to thrust which can amount to 40%—60% of the impeller thrust,and the mechanism of the impeller inducing an axial force on the hull are elucidated.     

Research in Green Modularity Design Methodology

Green design and manufacturing is a proactive approach to minimize wastes during a product＇s design stage, thus preventing future environmental impacts. Current modular design method mainly focuses on product functional and manufacturing issues. In this paper, a theoretical scheme of multi-objective modularity analysis for discrete electromechanical product design was proposed. Product physical architecture was represented by a fuzzy graph, where fuzzy relationships contain environmental objectives and influence module formulation. Finally the optimal product modules combining all objectives can be searched by clustering algorithm.     

Application of PI Control Algorithm to Discrete Manufacturing Systems

PI （proportional-integral） control algorithm is applied to control WlP （work-in-progress） in a discrete manufacturing system, where the cascade control of PI controllers is presented. It is in the frequency domain that the PI controller is designed with constraints on sensitivity options to ensure the stability and robustness of its parameters. A case is evaluated on a motorcycle engine crankcase production system, whose simulation results confirm that demand fluctuations can be compensated by PI controllers under a normal demand. PI controllers also possess low sensitivity to the distribution of production times.     

Calculation of 3D sensitivity matrix for electromagnetic tomography system using boundary elements and the perturbative approach

Electromagnetic tomography （EMT） is a non-invasive imaging technique capable of mapping the conductivity and permeability of an object. In EMT, eddy currents are induced in the object by the activation coils, and the receiving coils can measure the EMT voltages. When the activation frequency is significantly large, we can treat the metallic targets as electrically perfect conductors （EPCs）. In this situation, a thin skin approximation is reasonable and this type of scattering problem can be effectively treated by the boundary element method （BEM） formulated through integration equations. In this study, we compute three-dimensional （3D） sensitivity matrix between the sensors due to an EPC perturbation. Efficiency improvement is achieved through the utility of scalar magnetic potential. Two EPC objects, one sphere and one cube shaped, are simulated. The results agree well with the H dot H formula. Overall, we conclude that BEM can be used to calculate the 3D sensitivity matrix of an EMT system efficiently. This method is a general one for any shaped objects while the H dot H solution is only capable of producing the response for a small ball.     

Optimization of PERT Network and Compression of Time

In the traditional methods of program evaluation and review technique （PERT） network optimization and compression of time limit for project, the uncertainty of free time difference and total time difference were not considered as well as its time risk. The authors of this paper use the theory of dependent-chance programming to establish a new model about compression of time for project and multi-objective network optimization, which can overcome the shortages of traditional methods and realize the optimization of PERT network directly. By calculating an example with genetic algorithms, the following conclusions are drawn： （ 1 ） compression of time is restricted by cost ratio and completion probability of project; （2） activities with maximal standard difference of duration and minimal cost will be compressed in order of precedence; （3） there is no optimal solutions but noninferior solutions between chance and cost, and the most optimal node time depends on decision-maker＇s preference.     

Bi-criteria optimal fault-tolerable control for SY-II remote operated vehicle

This paper proposed a bi-criteria weighting approach for fault tolerant control(FTC)of SY-II remote operated vehicle(ROV).This approach integrates the minimum kinetic energy(2-norm optimal)approach with the infinity-norm approach through a weighting coefcient,on the basis of SY-II ROV force allocation model.For the realization of fault tolerable control,this approach converts a quadratic programming problem into primaldual neural network.From the motion control simulations and experiments,bi-criteria optimization approach outperforms minimum kinetic energy optimization in FTC,SY-II ROV can realize 2-degree of freedom(DOF)horizontal fault tolerant control with one main thruster and any of horizontal ones.Therefore,this scheme is proved to be of superiority and computational efciency,both the reliability and safety for ROV have been improved.     

Investigation of springback behavior and process control for stamping of ring-shaped workpiece

Due to the elastic deformation of metal stamping, springback is a serious problem to cause shape deviation and thus reduce precision. The springback behavior of ring-shaped workpiece is investigated in this paper and an auxiliary boss device is proposed to control the springback deformation. A finite element model is developed.The characteristic parameters including boss height, boss angle and boss gap are discussed systematically. It can be concluded that the gap has a positive linear correlation with springback percentage, and the boss angle has an optimal interval of 30°—60° to reduce springback. When the boss height increases, the springback decreases,but the effect weakens when the boss height is larger than 1.0 mm. Then, a response surface analysis is conducted with Design Expert 8.0.5 software and an optimal parameter process window(i.e., boss height from 2.1 to 3.0 mm,boss angle from 53° to 60° and the gap from 0 to 1.2 mm) is obtained. Finally, a set of molds are fabricated and the stamping experiments are conducted. The springback behavior is well controlled. The springback percentage can be decreased from 33% to 6% by using the auxiliary boss device of ring-shaped workpiece.     

Topological Expression Model of Satellite Gear Mechanism

By investigation of the topological characteristics of the kinematic structure of Satellite Gear Mechanism (SGM) with graph theory, the graph model of SGM is analyzed, and a topological expression model between input and output of SGM is established based on systematic design point. Meanwhile, the mathematical expression for SGM is deduced by integrating matrix theory and graph theory; thus, the topological characteristics of the kinematic structure of SGM can be converted into a matrix model, and the topological design problem of SGM into a matrix operation problem. In addition, a brief discussion about the measures for identification of isomorphism of the graph mode is made.     

THE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS IN STREAM LAYER AND ON STREAM SURFACE AND A DIMENSION SPLIT METHODS

THE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS IN STREAM LAYER AND ON STREAM SURFACE AND A DIMENSION SPLIT METHODS@李开泰$College of Sciences,Xi'an Jiaotong University!Xi'an,710049,China @黄艾香$College of Sciences,Xi'an Jiaotong University!Xi'an,710049,China[14]Il’inAA ,PartlydissipativesemigroupsgeneratedbytheNavierStokessystemontwo dimensionalmanifolds,andtheirattractors[J].RussianAcadSciSbMath,1994,78(1):47-76. [15]LadyzhenskayaOA .Themathematicaltheoryofvisc…     

舵叶锥孔专用加工设备研究与开发

由于大型舵叶锥孔的加工难度大,加工成本高,已成为船舶机加工的难点.为有效解决这一重要技术难题,提出大型舵叶锥孔加工专机的设计方案,研发了一种专用加工设备.应用表明,它能有效提高加工效率和保证加工精度,方便用户使用.     

The proper orthogonal decomposition method for the Navier-Stokes equations

The proper orthogonai decomposition (POD) method for the instatiouary Navier-Stokes equations is considered. Several numerical approaches to evaluating the POD eigenfunctions are presented. The POD eigenfunctions are applied as a basis for a Galerkin projection of the instationary Navier-Stokes equations. And a low-dimensional ordinary differential models for fluid flows governed by the instationary Navier-Stokes equations are constructed. The numerical examples show that the method is feasible and efficient for optimal control of fluids.     

涡轮叶片逆向建模与特征参数提取

为了在已有涡轮叶片实物基础上进行再创新设计,采用激光扫描仪对涡轮叶片进行数字化扫描,提出了在三维测量得到涡轮叶片点云数据的基础上,准确进行逆向建模、反求几何参数和提取气动特征参数的逆向设计方法.根据涡轮叶片的几何参数反求和提取气动特征参数要求,基于获取涡轮叶片的截面点云图,用五次多项式曲线拟合叶盆和叶背,并用圆弧逼近叶形前后缘.基于该方法,采用Matlab软件对涡轮截面线点云进行拟合,反求得到了叶身型线方程,拟合偏差控制在之内,能够获得准确的叶片截面型线和气动特征参数.      

非均匀流场中螺旋桨水动力及噪声特性预报研究

根据螺旋桨的型值参数,在Fluent前处理器ICEM中建立流场的网格模型,采用计算流体力学（CFD）理论,结合雷诺平均纳维-斯托克斯（RANS）方程计算了螺旋桨的水动力特性.利用滑移网格技术对非均匀来流下的螺旋桨的水动力进行大涡模拟计算,并结合FW-H噪声模块对螺旋桨的无空泡噪声进行了数值预报.流场预报结果显示,流场的非均匀性导致螺旋桨水动力系数的脉动存在一定的周期性,且整个螺旋桨的水动力系数与单个桨叶之间存在一定的倍数关系;声场结果表明,低频离散噪声远大于高频噪声,噪声衰减速度随频率增大而减小,螺旋桨轴向和径向衰减速度随着距桨盘面中心的距离增大而减小,且轴向声压级低于径向两侧.     

A numerical approach to trajectory planning for yoyo movement

Based on nonlinear trajectory generation (NTG) software package, a general approach (i.e. numerical solution) to trajectory planning for yoyo motion is presented. For the real-time control of such periodical dynamic system, a critical problem is how to implement fast solving the optimal trajectory, so as to meet the real-time demand. However, traditional numerical solution methods are very time-consuming. In this paper, the optimization problem is solved by mapping the problem to a lower-dimension space. And combined with multithread programming technology, the computation time for solving the optimal trajectory is greatly reduced. Simulation results show that the numerical solution is identical to the analytic one, which demonstrates the correctness of the proposed method. The computation time of one cycle of yoyo simulation is about 10 ms, which shows that the proposed numerical method can be applied to the real-time control of yoyo playing.     

非均匀流场中桨叶剖面设计方法

给出了非均匀流场中螺旋桨桨叶剖面的设计方法，提出了保持剖面空泡特征不变的等效运转曲线的思想，并创建了等效运转曲线的确定方法．基于等效运转曲线设计的桨叶剖面能有效地控制空泡范围和空泡类型，得到期望的空泡性能．剖面采用母型剖面方法来设计，进而可确定桨叶弦向环量分布，然后由升力面理论设计三维桨叶的几何形状．通过实例螺旋桨的设计，说明本方法是合理和有效的．     

基于ANSYS的车辆液力缓速器叶片强度分析及模态分析

基于UG-NX2造型软件平台建立YJ-400型号液力缓速器三维几何模型,并对液力缓速器进行叶片的提取简化,利用ANsYsuG的数据接口将叶片导人ANSYS生成FEA模型,利用计算流体分析软件Fluent对液力缓速器的内流场进行数值模拟,得到叶片表面的液压载荷分布,利用ANSYs的载荷施加模块将工作液液体总压按线性分布施加于FEA模型,进行叶片强度分析求得叶片的变形量和等效应力分布;同时对只施加有位移约束的FEA模型进行前六阶模态分析,求得各阶振型的固有频率和共振时叶片的最大变形量．     

网络流的多重解问题研究

介绍了最大流问题的多解,并从此问题出发,研究了最小费用最大流的多重最优解问题,总结了判断多重最优解存在的准则。该准则为若已求出的最小费用最大流分配网络中存在其两个弧组费用相等的可调圈,此问题就有多重最优解。在符合条件的可调圈上进行流量调整,便可得到该最小费用流问题不同的最优解。