疏浚珊瑚礁岩特性及相互关系分析

基于珊瑚礁岩疏浚工程的土工试验测试数据、地质勘察资料、海洋水动力环境和沉积环境,应用归纳、数理统计和回归分析的方法,对疏浚珊瑚礁岩分布特征、物理力学特性及相互关系进行了研究分析。结果表明:1)抗压强度高和完整性好的珊瑚礁岩主要分布在外礁坪剧烈冲刷带,即为疏浚中常说的挖掘困难的口门地带。2)疏浚珊瑚礁岩具有物理力学指标变化范围大的特点,会给疏浚施工带来困难。3)珊瑚礁岩特性指标之间经验公式的回归系数均在0.699以上,具有较高相关关系。以上研究成果为珊瑚礁岩疏浚工程投标决策、工艺管理和施工管理等提供技术支持,具有较高的实际应用价值。     

影响疏浚珊瑚礁岩抗剪强度的关键因素

依据疏浚工程珊瑚礁岩的物理力学试验资料,应用珊瑚礁沉积原理和结构特征理论知识,将疏浚珊瑚礁岩分为3类:管状珊瑚礁岩、蜂窝状珊瑚礁岩和致密状珊瑚礁岩。从珊瑚礁岩的特性角度出发,分析了礁岩类别、颗粒成分和破坏应变率对抗剪强度的影响及规律。结果表明:1)粘聚力c和内摩擦角φ均具有无填充管状珊瑚礁填充珊瑚砂粒蜂窝状珊瑚礁填充钙质胶结方解石致密状珊瑚礁的特点。2)内摩擦角φ值与粒径大于5 mm的含量值相关性最好,回归系数为0.862。3)c和φ值随轴向应变的增加而迅速增加,抗剪强度达到峰值,所需应变率为0.018%~0.082%,都为脆性破坏,呈现剪切、劈裂和沿裂隙破坏3种形式。     

砂岩磨蚀性在“天鲲号”绞吸挖泥船挖掘过程中的应用

广西某港航道扩建工程,重型绞吸船“天鲲号”疏浚典型风化砂岩时刀齿出现磨蚀和断裂现象,影响施工效率发挥。在分析疏浚风化砂岩抗拉强度和矿物成分特性指标基础上,结合疏浚岩石磨蚀性理论,推导出广西钦州砂岩磨蚀性指数与绞刀刀齿消耗的经验性关系公式,用来预测重型绞吸船挖掘风化岩石的绞刀齿消耗量。研究结果表明：1）中风化砂岩岩体完整性较好,单轴饱和抗压强度为9～41 MPa,疏浚岩土工程特性分级为12～13级。施工中风化砂岩岩体时绞刀刀臂和刀齿磨蚀断裂问题突出,中风化砂岩是影响疏浚效率的关键土质。2）创新性引入改进的Schimazek值F理论,综合考虑矿物成分种类、矿物含量、矿物硬度、岩石粒度和岩石饱和抗拉强度因素,来评估岩石材料的磨蚀性。3）基于疏浚岩石磨蚀性理论和施工参数,推导出“天鲲号”万方刀齿消耗量和改进Schimazek值F之间公式。4）预测“天鲲号”万方刀齿消耗量计算值和实测值的相对偏差绝对值在17.3%以下,可靠性良好,为疏浚岩石提供技术支撑。     

珊瑚礁工程地质特性分析

随着人类开发建设活动越来越多,遇到了很多有关珊瑚礁的岩土工程问题。掌握珊瑚礁的工程地质特性是解决类似工程问题的关键。结合南海、加勒比海区域工程实例,现场与室内试验相结合,对珊瑚礁的分类、结构、物理力学性质及其应用进行总结分析,为类似地质条件的工程项目提供借鉴作用。     

疏浚工程中珊瑚礁碎块管道输送临界流速数值研究

以疏浚过程中珊瑚礁碎块在管道内固液两相流的运动规律为背景,通过建立流固耦合数值分析模型,研究珊瑚礁碎块密度、粒径以及浆体浓度对水平管道输送过程中固体颗粒的动力特性。结果表明:珊瑚礁碎块密度与粒径越小、浆体浓度越大,碎块颗粒的临界流速越小;珊瑚礁碎块密度与粒径越大、浆体浓度越小,碎块颗粒需要的临界流速就越大。基于数值计算结果,拟合珊瑚礁碎块临界流速计算公式,并利用数值计算结果对该公式进行验证,其平均误差在15%以内。     

珊瑚岛礁跨海大桥的勘察实践及工程意义

针对珊瑚礁岩土的工程分类欠缺、钻探技术效果不佳、原位及物探测试手段不足以及物理力学性质评价指标及其体系需要重建等系列问题,进行珊瑚礁岩土的勘察技术研究。基于勘察实例,证明常规的技术方法多不适用于勘察珊瑚礁岩土。需集中对珊瑚礁岩土工程地质特性(如地质环境特性、动力工程环境、岩土组成及其描述、基本物理特征、力学特性、颗粒破碎特性、岩土工程评价等方面)和勘察技术(如钻探取样、物探、原位测试、室内试验等)进行研究,并不断积累经验。     

红海地区珊瑚礁吹填料的压实效果研究与分析

依托沙特RSGT集装箱码头项目,结合珊瑚礁的矿物成分及基本物理力学特性分析,针对珊瑚礁砂(砾)填料开展室内击实试验对比研究,采用低能强夯和振动碾压相结合对珊瑚礁砂(砾)浅表层地基进行压实效果研究.试验结果表明:珊瑚礁砂(砾)材料属于一类工程应用较少的新型填料,该类填料地基的浅表层碾压效果较好,且经济、环保,可望在珊瑚礁大量分布的沿海地区的港口码头建设项目中得到推广和运用.     

日照港区风化花岗岩力学指标和疏浚参数相关性分析

以山东日照港区重型绞吸船开挖风化花岗岩为例,依据疏浚区域岩石性质进行疏浚区域划分,进行风化花岗岩力学指标和疏浚参数相关性分析,建立疏浚区域风化花岗岩力学指标标准贯入击数和疏浚参数经验性公式。基于疏浚工程施工中疏浚生产率、风化花岗岩的分布和力学性质的相互关系,将重型绞吸船开挖日照港风化花岗岩的难易程度进行等级划分,为重型绞吸船开挖风化花岗岩提供施工技术支持。     

软岩-混凝土界面剪切力变化规律及预测模型

修筑在软岩地基上的港口工程钢筋混凝土嵌岩桩,其在上部荷载作用下的荷载传递规律与软岩-混凝土界面(岩-砼界面)的力学特性息息相关,研究岩-砼界面的受力特征有利于合理评估软岩嵌岩桩的承载性能。通过开展4组饱和状态下岩-砼试件的界面剪切试验,实测得到饱和软岩-混凝土界面的剪切力-位移曲线,岩-砼界面剪切力随位移的增加呈现出"先增、后减、终平"的变化规律。基于桩侧摩阻力退化模型并结合试验实测数据回归得到了模型中的计算参数,建立了无因次化的岩-砼界面剪切力预测模型。模型预测值与试验实测值二者吻合良好,验证了模型的正确性。     

沙特RSGT码头项目吹填珊瑚礁地基加固处理

结合沙特某码头项目,针对珊瑚礁的矿物成分及其基本物理力学特性,分析采用珊瑚礁砂(砾)作码头吹填地基填料的可行性.对比分析两类地基处理方法振冲与强夯处治前后地基SPT与CPT检测结果,表明该珊瑚礁材料属于较好的一类新型填料,地基处理效果较好,且经济、环保,尤其适合在珊瑚礁大量分布的沿海地区港口建设项目的造陆工程.     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.