海洋环境中Al-xZn-xMg三元合金牺牲阳极稳定性和极化电位变化（英文）

In this paper, the effects of zinc(Zn) and magnesium(Mg) addition on the performance of an aluminum-based sacrificial anode in seawater were investigated using a potential measurement method. Anodic efficiency, protection efficiency, and polarized potential were the parameters used. The percentages of Zn and Mg in the anodes were varied from 2% to 8% Zn and 1% to 4% Mg. The alloys produced were tested as sacrificial anodes for the protection of mild steel in seawater at room temperature. Current efficiency as high as 88.36% was obtained in alloys containing 6% Zn and 1% Mg. The polarization potentials obtained for the coupled(steel/Al-based alloys) are as given in the Pourbaix diagrams, with steel lying within the immunity region/cathodic region and the sacrificial anodes within the anodic region. The protection offered by the sacrificial anodes to the steel after the 7th and 8th week was measured and protection efficiency values as high as 99.66% and 99.47% were achieved for the Al-6%Zn-1%Mg cast anode. The microstructures of the cast anodes comprise of intermetallic structures of hexagonal Mg3Zn2 and body-centered cubic Al2Mg3Zn3. These are probably responsible for the breakdown of the passive alumina film, thus enhancing the anode efficiency.     

獭山港码头钢管桩牺牲阳极阴极保护效果的评定

獭山港某码头钢管桩采取防腐涂层和牺牲阳极阴极保护措施已10余a。通过对该码头钢管桩阴极保护系统防腐效果的检测，计算牺牲阳极的剩余使用寿命，测量保护电位和检查钢管桩腐蚀状况，并对牺牲阳极保护效果进行评价和分析。     

铝基牺牲阳极在天津港海泥中的应用

由于天津港的回淤性特质,使得一些码头(尤其是老码头)钢结构的牺牲阳极被不同程度的掩埋,导致牺牲阳极阴极保护系统使用寿命和效果降低,从而影响整个码头结构的安全和使用寿命。针对上述问题,提出了一种采用Al-Zn-In-Si系牺牲阳极复合外包填包料的海泥区阴极保护新方法,并将其应用于实际工程中。工程实践表明,该牺牲阳极阴极保护系统的保护效果良好,对解决天津港中被海泥严重掩埋的钢结构的阴极保护具有积极意义。     

牺牲阳极在天津港海水中的性能研究

通过室内试验和现场调查,研究了牺牲阳极在天津港海水中的性能和使用效果。室内试验研究表明,在Al-Zn-In-Cd、Al-Zn-In-Si和Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ti三种牺牲阳极中,Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ti阳极具有最佳的电流效率、最负的工作电位和开路电位。现场调查显示,Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ti阳极在天津港具有良好的使用效果。     

锦州港301B油品泊位钢管桩牺牲阳极阴极保护

介绍锦州港第三港池301B油品泊位钢管桩牺牲阳极阴极保护设计及实施情况。通过全面检查测量,所有钢管桩保护电位均在-1 043～-915 mV之间(相对银/氯化银/海水参比电极)。表明该工程钢管桩防腐设计是合理的,钢管桩得到了充分的保护。     

杭州湾某码头改造工程钢管桩牺牲阳极阴极保护

介绍杭州湾水域自然条件下,钢管桩实施牺牲阳极阴极保护所进行的保护面积与保护电流计算、牺牲阳极型号的选取、阳极的水下安装、阳极的性能检测与验收以及保护效果的检测等设计及安装情况。保护电位测量结果表明钢管桩阴极保护效果良好,该工程阴极阳极设计与施工合理,有关参数的选取可供杭州湾水域进行相关阴极保护设计参考。     

钢管桩阴极保护与Denso防腐蚀技术联合保护

在营口港某码头钢管桩出现腐蚀问题后,对钢管桩采取牺牲阳极阴极保护与Denso防腐蚀技术联合保护,详细介绍了Denso防腐蚀技术的施工工艺以及牺牲阳极阴极保护技术的设计过程。结果表明该结合技术的保护效果良好,可供相关水域的钢管桩保护借鉴参考。     

Reducing the cost of ballast tank corrosion: an economic modeling approach

One of the most relevant problems in ship construction and maintenance nowadays concerns the corrosion in the double hull space ballast tanks of modern merchant vessels. On the one hand, there is a general consensus that the economic life span of such a vessel depends primarily upon the corrosion state of its ballast tanks, while on the other hand, the position of these tanks, squeezed between the outer hull and the loading tanks, makes routine inspection and maintenance almost impossible.Today, ship's ballast tanks are usually constructed in grade A steel and protected with a standard epoxy coating, backed up with sacrificial zinc anodes. Such a construction has been applied without significant alterations for many years. However, the objective of this economic study is to compare this construction method with some feasible alternatives. The considered alternatives are: (1) an increase of the scantlings, eliminating the necessity to replace corroded steel but diminishing the cargo carrying capacity of the ship, (2) application of the novel and more durable TSCF₂₅ coating (3), the use of corrosion resistant steel in ship construction or (4) a standard PSPC₁₅ coating combined with lifetime lasting aluminum sacrificial anodes. After running each alternative through a cost model including an extensive sensitivity analysis, it is concluded that the durable coating and the use of lifetime lasting aluminum anodes are bound to improve the actual basic tank concept. Corrosion resistant steel becomes attractive depending upon the evolution of the international steel market.     

Study on alternative approaches to corrosion protection of ballast tanks using an economic model

One of the most relevant problems in ship construction and maintenance nowadays is corrosion in ballast tanks of modern merchant vessels. On the one hand, there is a general consensus that the economic lifespan of such a vessel depends, to a large degree, upon the corrosion state of its ballast tanks, while on the other hand these ballast tanks, located between the outer hull and the cargo tanks, makes routine inspection and maintenance a difficult task.Today, ship's ballast tanks are usually constructed in steel and protected with an epoxy coating backed up by sacrificial zinc anodes. Such a construction has been applied without significant alterations for many years. The objective of this economic study is to compare this construction method with some potential alternatives. The considered alternatives are: (1) an increase in structural scantlings, eliminating the necessity to replace corroded at a cost of real cargo carrying capacity of the ship, (2) application of the novel and more durable TSCF₂₅ coating (3), the use of corrosion resistant steel in ship construction and (4) a standard PSPC₁₅ coating combined with lifetime lasting aluminum sacrificial anodes. A cost model was used to evaluate these alternative options together with sensitivity analysis. It is concluded that the durable coating and the use of lifetime lasting aluminum anodes are bound to improve the actual basic tank concept. Corrosion resistant steel becomes attractive when the steel price becomes competitive.     

高效牺牲阳极阴极保护技术在天津港改扩建工程中的应用

码头钢结构防腐质量的好坏 ,直接影响码头钢结构完好性质量及使用年限。介绍了一种高效牺牲阳极阴极保护技术在码头钢管桩防腐中的应用     

牺牲阳极和包覆材料联合保护在友谊港的防腐应用

根据不同海洋腐蚀区域的特点,采取涂层保护、冷包缠防腐保护和牺牲阳极阴极保护组合保护的形式,对毛里塔尼亚友谊港钢管桩进行防腐修复。施工过程中严格质量控制,达到了预期的实施效果,顺利通过了友谊港业主的验收。     

A field study of the effectiveness of sacrificial anodes in ballast tanks of merchant ships

Sacrificial anodes have become a standard practice for the protection of ballast tanks of merchant vessels against corrosive damage. A well protected tank should extend the life span of a ship and consequently enhances its economic value. An in situ survey comprising more than 100 merchant vessels provided the opportunity to measure the impact of these anodes on the life expectancy of these vessels. Contrary to the general belief of these anodes’ beneficial effect, no significant difference was found in our observations in terms of corrosion occurrence between ship populations with and without sacrificial anodes, across all ship ages. This may be explained by the highly variable conditions and the complex geometry in a ballast tank severely impede optimal and straightforward installation of these anodes in these tanks. Also, poorly placed anodes in it may harm the integrity of the coating of the tank. We therefore plead for uniform and clear rules on anode installation and inspection.     

牺牲阳极阴极保护工程质量控制方法及措施

由于以钢管桩作桩基的码头具有承重大,承受水平荷载大等优点,得到了广泛的应用。但在海洋环境下,钢结构电化学腐蚀的问题非常突出。目前,海水中一般采用阴极保护方法来防止钢桩的电化学侵蚀。文章论述了天津港码头钢结构牺牲阳极阴极保护工程的施工方法和质量控制标准及措施。     

毛里塔尼亚友谊港阴极保护翻新工程

介绍了毛里塔尼亚友谊港引桥及码头钢管桩原防腐系统达到设计使用年限后,在传统防腐保护方法的基础上,对腐蚀最严重的区域引进了PTC新型包覆防蚀技术。通过采取涂料、PTC包覆和牺牲阳极阴极保护三种防腐方法的有效结合,解决了水位变动区和海洋浪溅区部位腐蚀严重部位的涂料修复困难问题,保证钢管桩具有更长久、更全面、更有效的保护效果。工程实施后,保护电位测量结果表明钢管桩防腐保护效果良好,该工程设计与施工合理。     

铝合金船体阴极保护系统的数值模拟仿真

采用以边界元法为基础的数值模拟仿真技术,在停航、各种航行航速状态和防腐蚀涂层几种典型损伤状态下,仿真计算铝合金船体表面保护电位分布、保护电流密度分布以及牺牲阳极消耗速度,确定牺牲阳极的有效极限体积,达到在停航及各种航行航速状态下,使船体全部表面上保护电位值处于有效范围内,从而确立船体的最优牺牲阳极保护方案.两年实际使用情况表明,边界元数值模拟仿真技术用于船舶阴极保护系统优化是一种有效的、先进的方法.     

船舶大型主机中间轴接地装置的工作原理与管理

阐述了大型主机中间轴接地装置的功能、组成和维护管理,目的在于避免铜质螺旋桨与钢质船体在海水中产生的电势差,对轴承和曲轴等处由于产生电流而引起的损害。     

东营港码头工程钢管桩防腐措施及应用

东营港扩建工程二号泊位承台部分桩基共有钢桩458根,为了保证工程设计使用年限,对钢管桩采取涂层和牺牲阳极联合防腐措施。经检测,保护电位满足设计要求,防腐措施科学、合理。     

牺牲阳极方式电化学脱盐效率影响因素

外加电流方式电化学脱盐能够有效脱除混凝土内的有害氯离子,但对预应力钢筋混凝土结构不适用,存在可能引起氢脆和减小握裹力的危险以及安装施工、管理不方便和在脱盐期间现场需要有专业技术人员进行操作等缺点;使用牺牲阳极方式电化学脱盐法将钢筋混凝土内的有害氯离子脱除出来,可以克服上述缺点,既适用于普通混凝土,又适用于预应力混凝土。研究通电时间、脱盐装置位置以及取样深度对牺牲阳极方式电化学脱盐效果的影响。结果表明,牺牲阳极方式电化学脱盐在工作3个月后仍能有效地将混凝土内的氯离子迁移到外部的活性填充材料中,且在距阳极500 mm处脱盐效率最高,能达到脱除混凝土试件内有害氯离子的目的,其中混凝土试件表层脱盐效率最高可达60%左右。     

港口工程钢管桩阴极保护全寿命期方案

以海南洋浦30万吨级原油码头及配套储运设施工程为例,从设计、施工、后期维护和全寿命期成本方面研究钢管桩的牺牲阳极和外加电流两种阴极保护全寿命期方案。     

牺牲阳极阴极保护技术在码头桩基工程中的应用

结合黄海海域大丰港一期码头钢管桩桩基工程,在分析牺牲阳极阴极保护技术的原理和特点的基础上,论述牺牲阳极阴极保护系统的设计方法、施工技术以及后期检测维护,可供黄海海域相关钢结构防腐工程参考借鉴。