解读日本ARENA(新型实时海底监测电缆网络)计划

意欲从深海空间寻觅日本列岛未来的ARENA[1](Advanced Real-Time Earth Monitoring Network in the Area)计划[1,3],是利用敷设于海底的缆式网络,及星罗棋布的配置于海底网络上的观测器,开展海底勘察.该计划旨在通过基于长时效的实时监控海底网络所及海域、海底的综合性海缆网络系统,构筑起海洋学、地球物理学、地震学,以及海水资源、海底能源开采等多学科、跨领域的试验验证、科学研究、深海海洋工程应用平台[2].它的建成,将实现建立在基于海洋作业船、深潜器(ROV、AUV)等多种水下、海底作业技术基础上的跨世纪深海空间站的梦想.     

舰船综合网络视频监控系统设计

论述了舰船综合网络视频监控系统的最优化设计及黑光夜视摄像仪在对抗性夜晚环境下的应用。基于黑光夜视摄像仪的特点和现代舰船环境条件的要求,阐述了黑光夜视摄像设备在现代舰船综合网络视频监控系统中的配置和使用。     

基于海底接驳盒的电能管理系统的研制

研制了一套基于海底观测网络接驳盒的电能管理系统,实现对海底接驳盒的电能分配和管理,可以控制外接负载的电能供给,能够对各路电压、电流,控制腔、高压电源腔的温度和漏水情况进行实时监控和异常处理,并将监测数据通过网络上传到基站上位机,实现了基站上位机对系统的远程控制和管理.系统灵活、可靠、响应快,为海底观测网的长期稳定运行提供了重要保障.     

舰船综合网络视频监控系统设计

本文论述了舰船综合网络视频监控系统的最优化设计及黑光夜视摄像仪在对抗性夜晚环境下的应用。基于黑光夜视摄像仪的特点和现代舰船环境条件的要求,阐述了黑光夜视摄像设备在现代舰船综合网络视频监控系统中的配置和使用。     

深海通信浮标蜂窝集装式传输平台技术

为了对深海进行立体、连续和长期观测,设计一种新型的深海监测平台,即深海通讯浮标蜂窝集装式传输平台,介绍平台工作过程及结构、功能,以及各组成系统的作用,期望投入使用,用以实现深海至水面、水面至卫星的监测信号传递.     

深海岸基信息传输系统中的散射通信技术

深海岸基的信息传输在船舶设备运行、水下设备监控和实时海底观测等工况下具有重要意义。随着科技水平的发展,散射通信技术逐步应用到了各种工况下的信息传输和信息控制系统中。本文全面细致地分析了散射通信技术的原理和构成,论证了利用散射通信技术实现深海岸基信息传输系统的搭建,并结合仿真和实际应用的案例分析了岸基、海上通信网络的结构。     

海底光缆传输网络总体设计研究

论文介绍了国外海底光缆传输网络的最新研究和应用情况,提出了海底光缆传输网络的拓扑结构,设计了系统的总体结构和重点研究设备。海底光缆传输网络将海底分散的海洋环境观测、地质勘探等科学研究节点组网,实现各类海洋科学信息至岸基的综合传输与交换,具有高速、大容量的通信特点,是水下信息传输的重要手段,为深海科学研究提供关键技术支撑。     

球形底栖潜水器概念设计研究

提出了一种能长期在深海自主机动的底栖型潜水器(UBV)概念。有别于传统的水下航行器,底栖型潜水器采用嵌套球体作为基本构型,在球体左右两侧设置流线型观测附体。该潜水器可依靠内部机构改变其重心位置,驱动潜水器在海底连续滚进,还可实现在水中的直航、转向和潜浮,提高了海底环境监测和海床监控能力。     

导弹阵地视频监控系统的设计与研究

针对导弹阵地周边环境监控的需求,提出了基于C/S和B/S混合架构设计的视频监控系统。描述了系统的组成和结构,对监控系统软件平台进行了详细设计,对监控网络设备选型、结构设计、网络传输进行了介绍,阐述了视频编码、套接字实现IP组播等关键技术应用方法。     

数字式船舶多点视频监视系统设计

采用编码技术和网络传输技术,设计了应用于船舶视频监视的数字视频网络监控系统.该系统以船舶内部的TCP/IP网络为载体,可以实现全船范围的宽带一体化网络视频监控.实验测试结果表明监控图像画面清晰,录像回放质量明显提高,能够充分满足船舶操控对视频监视系统的要求.     

Lights, camera and acoustics: Assessing macrobenthic communities at a dredged material disposal site off the North East coast of the UK

This study presents the results of a trial assessment based on a combination of sampling techniques at a dredged material disposal site located off the North East coast of the UK, over 2001 to 2004. The site was surveyed with a high-resolution sidescan sonar system producing a mosaic with 100% coverage of the survey area. Benthic communities and sediments were ground-truthed using a Hamon grab with a video camera. Additionally, the area was also sampled in 2003 with a Sediment Profile Imaging (SPI) camera, which complemented other techniques by providing in situ information on sediment quality, and biogenic activities. An assessment is made of the benefits of combining the results from conventional methods, principally using grab samples, with those from acoustic techniques and optical imaging devices to determine seafloor and macrobenthic conditions. This information has the potential to contribute to the enhancement of routine monitoring programmes within UK waters.     

一种海底小目标近距离探测系统及试验研究

随着水下航行器技术的发展及探雷等特殊场合的需求,利用水下小平台探测海底小目标的方式逐渐受到重视,本文依据参量发射阵理论,结合参量阵的优势、截断参量阵的特点,设计了一种应用于海底小目标近距离探测的系统,测试该探测系统在近距离的特性,进行沉底及掩埋目标的探测实验,结果表明,该参量阵系统能够实现海底小目标近距离探测,在现有条件下所做的探索工作具有一定的工程参考价值.     

Phytodetritus deposited on the Antarctic shelf and upper slope: its relevance for the benthic system

Underwater photography was used to ascertain regional, seasonal, interannual or depth dependent variations in the occurrence of phytodetritus on the Antarctic seafloor in order to explain the patchy distribution patterns of the benthos. The information was obtained from an average of 63 photographs taken at each of 76 stations in the Weddell and Lazarev Sea along a 2300 km coastline during four austral summers between 1986 and 1991. In areas where the shelf was broader than 80 km, the sediment showed a significantly higher phytodetritus cover than on the narrower shelf. This can probably be explained by the lower current velocity on the broader shelf. Significantly higher percentages of phytodetritus cover were also found on the seafloor in areas where the megabenthos cover was relatively low. These results indicate that in areas with a low current velocity, organic particles sink relatively fast onto the seafloor where they are available mainly for deposit feeders. The generally more abundant filter feeders are better adapted to a higher current velocity which transports the particles mainly horizontally over longer periods. No significant relationships were found between other physical parameters and the occurrence of phytodetritus. Therefore, the results are also discussed under the aspect of a weak pelagic–benthic coupling, effected by the long-term development of the benthic system.     

Noncontact power supply for seafloor geodetic observing robot system

A new and effective seafloor geodetic observing robot network system, which consists of several submarine stations situated in regions susceptible to interplate earthquakes, has been proposed and is under construction in Japan. Each station, equipped with an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) dock, is connected to a land facility by cables providing power and communication. Near the AUV dock, three or four seafloor reference stations will be set up for geodetic observations. In this system, a noncontact power supply is required for a battery-driven AUV to conduct observations for extended durations. A small, intelligent, efficient, high-power noncontact feed system of 400 W capacity with an inverting efficiency of 77% in salt water has been developed. It has been shown to be effective in a water tank experiment in which the noncontact power supply automatically fed power to an AUV for 3 days.     

基于DirectS how技术船用钢板图像采集设计与实现

基于DirectShow技术,在Windows平台下构建测量船用钢板三维尺寸的图像采集系统,为大尺寸物件的测量提供了一种信息采集方案。首先分析了DirectShow技术基本体系,接着介绍了该系统的应用环境整体布局以及采集系统总体设计方案,其次通过对常见的视频采集卡进行分析,给出了针对USB摄像头,基于MFC框架的图像采集系统实现过程,包括设备Filter的构建,Filter Graph结构设计,开发了本系统所用到的抓图Filter,实现对应用环境画面的实时监控和采集,通过实验表明设计方案的可行性和正确性。     

基于OpenGL的深海开架式潜水器视景仿真设计

采用虚拟仿真技术,以正在研发的深海开架式潜水器的设计尺寸和数字海底理论为基础,采用基于面向对象数据模型和基于表面三角剖分的方法来构建水下目标的三维空间数据模型。以三角形的空间拓扑关系为基础,利用SolidWorks建模工具和VC++OpenGL图形开发库,实现了深海虚拟环境下的系统仿真。通过水下目标的建模实例,验证了仿真平台的正确性和可行性,该平台还可应用于深海综合调查研究、水下机器人操纵运动控制仿真等领域。     

海底介质模型及其声能透入机理研究

海底建模是海洋声探测及海洋混响研究的重要课题.文章用Biot多孔介质、粘弹性介质和液态介质三种海底模型对声波在海底的反射和透射进行了理论计算分析,具体讨论了纵波、快纵波、剪切波以及慢纵波对声透射的贡献,并对三种海底模型中纵波、剪切波的反射、透射进行了比较,得到对声学问题海底建模有实际意义的结果.