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地层注浆加固对隧道与地下水相互作用过程中的“双赢”影响效应分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目前山岭隧道大多采用的"半包"防水方式,可较为有效地降低衬砌背后水压荷载作用,但同时造成地下水资源的大量流失。文章通过建立隧道瞬态渗流模型,分析了"半包"防水条件下隧道施工及运营过程中隧道排水流量及水位变化规律,以及运营过程中衬砌背后水压力分布规律;研究了帷幕注浆和径向注浆两种方式不同工况下不同注浆范围及参数对排水流量、水位变化及衬砌水压荷载的影响效应。数值分析结果和工程实践表明,地层注浆加固既可降低衬砌背后水压荷载,又可减少地下水资源流失量,从而可以实现隧道与地下水相互作用过程中的"双赢"影响效应。文章最后对"半包"防水条件下仰拱是否设置排水系统进行了分析探讨。 相似文献
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寒冷地区隧道温度、渗流规律与冻害预防 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据试验隧道的温度和水流量测试成果,得出了寒冷季节隧道水流量和隧道衬砌后浅层围岩温度随时间的变化规律。预防隧道冻害应有系统观念,一味提高隧道内温度或衬砌壁后温度未必有利于问题的解决。在试验隧道中采用了冻害综合防治措施,即:(1)加强拱顶围岩注浆;(2)选用低温柔性好的防水板;(3)喷射混凝土表面降糙;(4)采用LV法铺设防水层;(5)施工缝设置可排水止水带;(6)采用直接通至中央排水管的环向排水管并进行局部保温;(7)在衬砌下隅角背后设置保温层;(8)在衬砌壁后预埋电热带穿线管等,取得了良好的综合防冻效果。 相似文献
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盾构法广泛应用于我国城市轨道交通隧道的建设中,盾构管片的病害问题也越发受到重视。文章针对某地铁在建盾构隧道突发管片破损病害,绘制了管片破损病害展布图,分析了相关资料和检测数据,明确了病害的成因机理,制定并实施了相应治理措施。研究结果表明:管片背后大范围空洞导致围岩对隧道的约束不足,引起已成型隧道在盾构机反推力和扭矩、同步注浆浆液浮力、刀盘水土压力和扭矩等作用下发生类压杆弯扭失稳是导致该病害的主要原因;隧道变形监测数据表明"背后注浆填充+破损部位修复"两阶段治理措施取得了良好的治理效果;盾构隧道施工过程中,应严格管控同步注浆质量,防止隧道轴线偏移引起盾构管片发生开裂破损等病害。 相似文献
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为提高高速公路隧道质量,保证隧道运营安全性,结合实际工程案例,对高速公路隧道二衬结构开裂病害加固施工技术进行研究。在该工程中,通过仰拱加固、粘贴钢板、衬砌背后注浆等施工技术的应用,有效提高了加固稳定系数,说明加固施工后的隧道安全性能够得到满足,提升了隧道的稳定性,可为同类工程提供一定的参考。 相似文献
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《现代隧道技术》2017,(3)
文章以西安地铁某区间隧道涌水导致衬砌背后空洞事故为依托,利用ANSYS有限元数值方法,分析了空洞位置和大小对盾构隧道的影响。结果表明:衬砌背后无空洞时,围岩应力集中系数等值线呈蝶形分布,隧道顶部和底部应力集中最大,两侧最小;衬砌背后空洞在两侧时,对围岩的应力集中、管片的内力和安全系数影响最大,随着空洞向顶部和底部移动,影响减小;随着与空洞之间距离的增加,围岩的应力集中、管片的内力和安全系数受到的影响减小;轴力受空洞大小的影响较小,而管片弯矩、围岩应力集中及安全系数受空洞大小影响较大;随着空洞面积的增加,空洞对周围土体的应力集中、管片的内力和安全系数影响增大。 相似文献
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随着我国交通建设的不断发展,特长隧道的建设也得到了前所未有的发展。但是,近年来特长隧道的病害也越来越严重,如何预防和消除施工中的质量通病成为了当今的一个重要课题。本文通过查阅关于特长隧道质量通病的相关文献资料,并结合四面山隧道在施工中的质量病害,对特长隧道施工质量的主要通病,从初期支护背后空洞、二次衬砌接缝错台及洞身渗漏水等方面进行了详细的研究,并针对这些病害,从监理角度提出了预防监管措施。 相似文献
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Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD). An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip. It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links. 相似文献
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This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress. 相似文献
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In India pedestrians usually cross the road at mid-block crosswalks due to ease of access to their destination or the development of adjacent land use types such as shopping, business areas, school and residential areas. The behaviour of pedestrian will change with respect to different land use type and this change in behaviour of pedestrian further reflects change in perceived level of service (LOS). So, it is important to evaluate the quality of service of such crossing facilities with respect to different land-use type under mixed traffic conditions. In this framework, pedestrian perceived LOS were collected with respect to different land-use type such as shopping, residential and business areas. The ordered probit (OP) model was developed by using NLOGIT software package, with number of vehicles encountered, road crossing difficulty as well as safety considered as primary factors along with pedestrian individual factors (gender and age), land-use type and roadway geometry. From the model results, it has been concluded that perceived safety, crossing difficulty, land-use condition, number of vehicles encountered, median width and number of lanes have significant effect on pedestrian perceived LOS at unprotected (un-signalized) mid-block crosswalks in mixed traffic scenario. The inferences of these results highlights the importance of land use planning in designing a new set of pedestrian access facilities for unprotected mid-block crosswalks under mixed traffic conditions. Also the study results would be useful for evaluating pedestrian accessibility taking into account different land-use type and planning required degree of segregation with vehicular movement at unprotected mid-block crosswalk locations. 相似文献
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明确埋地管道防腐保温层的技术评价标准,对埋地钢质管道的安全运行,延长管道使用寿命具有重要意义。为了对埋地管道防腐保温层做出有效评价,从间接检测与开挖检测2个方面,结合现场检测数据,提出了基于防腐保温层的电流衰减率、绝缘电阻率、质量状况与厚度的分级评价标准及基于4种评价指标的综合评判方法。工程实践表明,该评价标准对防腐保温层是否存在失效能做出有效判断。 相似文献
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采用随机场模型能够有效地模拟围岩参数的空间变异性。文章将局部平均随机场理论、有限差分法和Monte-Carlo模拟结合在一起,得到了Monte-Carlo随机有限差分法,基于该方法编制了可考虑围岩空间变异性的隧道结构可靠度计算程序;并将围岩密度、弹性模量和内摩擦角等参数视为三维正态随机场,研究了围岩的竖向与水平向相关距离的变化对隧道结构可靠度的影响。计算结果表明,围岩空间变异性会显著影响隧道结构的可靠度,为了获得更为经济合理的支护方案,在支护设计时考虑围岩参数的空间变异性很有必要;围岩竖向或水平向相关距离的增大均会引起隧道结构失效概率的增加,但影响程度不同;隧道结构失效概率对围岩竖向空间变异性更加敏感,故在工程勘察费用较少时,可考虑将勘察费用更多地投入到竖向相关距离的勘测,水平向相关距离可参考已有经验数据取值。 相似文献