超大型浮式结构物连接器的概念设计与分析

21世纪是海洋的世纪,超大型浮式海洋结构物顺应潮流成为新时代各国的研究重点。超大型海洋浮式结构物多采用模块化的,而用于模块间连接的连接器的设计就显得尤为重要。本论文基于对多种连接器的研究的基础上设计出了一款适合超大型浮式结构物模块间应用的连接器,并使用patran软件对其静态受力进行分析,确保其强度。并对其安装时的动态瞬间进行分析,确定其最佳结构,对超大型浮式海洋结构物以后的设计建造都有一定的参考价值。     

海岸和近海工程研究的进展

作者就参加第七届近海和极地工程国际会议及顺防日本情况，对海岸和近海工程研究在张力腿平台，超大型浮式海洋结构，浮式生产储运系统，海岸防护方法，破波问题，数值波浪和海洋环境问题研究的进展作一简介。     

超大型海洋浮式结构物水弹性响应预报的研究现状和发展方向

超大型海洋浮式结构物在未来的海洋资源开发和海洋空间利用方面有重要应用前景，但它在波浪中的水弹性响应是该结构物设计过程中所遇到的一个重要技术问题。国际上在这方面已做了大量的研究工作。本文比较全面地介绍了国内外关于VLFS在波浪中的水弹性响应的研究现状，并对今后需要开展的研究工作的方向提出了作者的看法。     

预报超大型浮体水弹性响应的模态函数展开方法和特征函数展开方法比较

超大型海洋浮式结构物对于开发海洋资源和利用海洋空间有着很大的实用价值，目前国际海洋工程界已掀起了研究超大型浮式结构物的热潮。如何计算浮体结构在波浪中的水弹性响应是设计过程中的一个非常重要的技术问题。Wu，C．，Watanabe，E．and Utsunomiya，T．(1995)提出了利用平板模态函数展开方法预报超大型浮体的水弹性响应；Kim，J．w．and Ertekin，R．C．(1998)提出利用特征函数展开方法预报超大型浮体的水弹性响应。本文对这两种方法进行了系统的比较，分别根据这两种方法计算了浮体结构的挠曲变形及弯矩、剪力的分布，并辐讨了不同参数对于水弹性响应的影响。     

多模块连接半潜式平台稳性对比分析

为开发我国海洋丰富的渔业、油气和旅游资源,可以在指定海域布设超大型浮式结构物,作为综合保障基地,提供船舶停靠、人员居住、渔业加工、油气开发、环境监测、飞机起降等多种功能.考虑到建造、运输等因素,超大型浮式结构物一般由多个相同或相似模块连接组成.本文基于一型半潜式平台模块,分别开展单、双、三模块的稳性分析,并对其稳性分析结果进行对比分析,探讨模块数量对平台稳性的影响,为超大型浮式结构物的后续设计与运营提供参考.     

VLFS的新型结构设计

作为一种新型的海洋浮式结构,将网架结构的设计理念应用于超大型海洋浮式结构物VLFS的设计.网架结构具有结构强度高、工业化程度高、制造难度低、安装便利和制造工期短等优点.运用ABAQUS有限元软件对新型VLFS浮式结构在海洋环境条件下的应力和应变进行分析,新型VLFS浮式结构的强度、稳定性和耐波性满足工程要求.     

半潜式超大型浮体的多刚体试验研究

超大型浮体作为人类开发海洋的前沿基地,正在成为世界各国海洋工程界研究的一个热点.由于超大型浮体尺度巨大,因此它必定会采用模块化结构,由几种基本的模块在海上加以拼装,连接而成.因此,采用何种形式的连接器已成为超大型海洋浮式结构物设计过程中的一大关键技术问题.本文主要介绍了国内首次进行的半潜式超大型浮体的多刚体试验,在试验中采用刚性模块、柔性连接形式,对各模块的相对运动以及模块与模块之间连接器载荷的动力响应特性进行了研究.     

预报超大型浮式结构物水弹性响应方法的比较

超大型海洋浮式结构物(VLFS)在利用海洋空间和开发海洋资源方面有着很大的实用价值.但如何精确有效地计算和预报其在波浪中的水弹性响应是设计过程中的一个非常重要的技术问题.目前,很多学者提出了不同的简化方法来预报VLFS的水弹性响应.文章全面地介绍了关于计算VLFS水弹性响应的解析方法和数值方法的研究现状,并将相应的数值结果与已有的试验数据相比较,进行了分析讨论.     

超大型浮体横向和纵向两种构型下浮体的完整稳性对比分析

由于海洋超大型浮体的超大尺度、复杂的结构形式、恶劣的长期使用环境、所受的外部载荷时空变化剧烈和多样化的任务功能需求等特点,需要开展对海洋超大型浮体构型和结构形式的研究,其中稳性性能是确定超大型浮体构型的关键因素之一.本文针对超大型浮体的横向、纵向下浮体两种构型分别开展完整稳性分析,并对其稳性分析结果进行对比分析,对相关技术要点进行了探讨,给出超大型浮体构型研究中关于下浮体布置朝向的建议,为相关科学问题的研究打下基础.     

船舶碰撞载荷对移动海上基地连接器载荷的影响

移动海上基地属于超大型浮式结构物,在营运过程中会遇到飞机坠落,船舶碰撞等事故情况。事故载荷不仅会对超大型浮式结构物的局部结构产生破坏作用,而且会对超大型浮式结构物的薄弱环节——连接器产生附加载荷。以船舶碰撞为例,采用简化的RMFC模型,然后通过SESAM软件计算水动力系数,将其代入多刚体运动微分方程后用数值方法求解,研究特殊载荷对连接器载荷的影响。考虑不同连接器刚度以及不同撞击部位工况,估算碰撞引起的连接器载荷的数量级,并与波浪载荷引起的连接器载荷进行了比较。这为今后移动海上基地连接器设计提供了指导和依据。     

Simplified estimation for the dynamic behavior and reliability analysis of very large floating structures under wave-induced loads

This paper deals with the dynamic response and strength of very large floating structures (VLFS) in regular and irregular waves, considering the propagation of the hydroelastic deflection wave of the structure. First, a simplified estimation method is presented for the dynamic response and strength of the structure in regular waves. Then, the validity of the method is demonstrated by comparing its results with analytical results and experimental results for a mat-type floating structure model. Next, a simplified estimation method for dynamic responses under long crested irregular wave conditions is presented by using the above results and by combining them with irregular sea wave spectra. Finally, the applicability of the method is investigated through numerical examples carried out for a 4,800-m class VLFS under trial design. Characteristics of the hydroelastic waves, short-term responses, and reliability levels are numerically identified. Received for publication on April 14, 1999; accepted on Sept. 10, 1999     

超大型浮体模块水弹性响应和结构强度分析

水弹性方法针对超大型浮体的刚度特点,充分考虑了结构变形与流体运动的相互作用,是进行结构安全性分析的有效手段。文章采用水弹性分析方法研究了超大型浮体单模块总体波浪载荷以及结构应力响应。首先基于三维有限元方法分析了模块在真空中的总振动模态,然后结合模态叠加法和边界元法计算了模块在流场里面的谐振和模态响应。在此基础上,研究了各模态下结构的应力响应以及总应力响应,并分析了危险载荷工况,评估了超大型浮体单模块的结构强度,研究结果对超大型浮体单模块结构优化设计和安全性评估具有一定的指导意义。     

Numerical calculation method for the hydroelastic response of a pontoon-type very large floating structure close to a breakwater

This paper presents an effective scheme for calculating the wave-induced hydroelastic response of a pontoon-type very large floating structure (VLFS) when it is near a breakwater. The basic numerical calculation method is the one previously developed by the same author for a VLFS in the open sea (no breakwater), which is expanded to include the effect of the hydrodynamic mutual interaction between the breakwater and the floating structure. The efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method are validated through comparisons with other numerical results and with existing experimental results. After that confirmation, various numerical calculations were conducted, paying special attention to the resonance phenomena which will occur depending on the relation between the wavelength and the clearance between the breakwater and the floating structure. The irregular frequency phenomenon which appears in the calculation of the fluid dynamic problem is discussed in the appendices, including a method for its elimination. Received: October 31, 2000 / Accepted: December 19, 2000     

支撑条件对浮动式厚弹性板水弹性行为的影响分析（英文）

The hydroelastic response of very large floating structures(VLFS) under the action of ocean waves is analysed considering the small amplitude wave theory. The very large floating structure is modelled as a floating thick elastic plate based on TimoshenkoMindlin plate theory, and the analysis for the hydroelastic response is performed considering different edge boundary conditions.The numerical study is performed to analyse the wave reflection and transmission characteristics of the floating plate under the influence of different support conditions using eigenfunction expansion method along with the orthogonal mode-coupling relation in the case of finite water depth. Further, the analysis is extended for shallow water depth, and the continuity of energy and mass flux is applied along the edges of the plate to obtain the solution for the problem. The hydroelastic behaviour in terms of reflection and transmission coefficients, plate deflection, strain, bending moment and shear force of the floating thick elastic plate with support conditions is analysed and compared for finite and shallow water depth. The study reveals an interesting aspect in the analysis of thick floating elastic plate with support condition due to the presence of the rotary inertia and transverse shear deformation. The present study will be helpful for the design and analysis of the VLFS in the case of finite and shallow water depth.     

超大型浮体模块柔性连接功能仿真模型试验研究

精确评估模块柔性连接性能对连接器和超大型浮体的结构安全性具有重要意义,而模型试验是获取超大型浮体模块柔性连接性能的必要手段。文章以横向浮筒式的浅吃水超大型浮体为研究对象,根据连接器动响应计算结果,设计了柔性连接器模型;通过不同幅值和载荷组合的连接器静态拉伸和压缩试验,研究了超大型浮体连接器的刚度特性,探讨了组合载荷对连接器刚度的影响;通过不同幅值和周期的连接器纵向动态载荷试验,研究了超大型浮体连接器在动态载荷作用下的结构响应,验证了超大型浮体连接器结构的安全性和适用性。试验结果表明在静态和动态载荷作用下文中设计的柔性连接器连接可靠、结构安全,连接器载荷、位移和应力测量结果可为验证连接器结构设计和计算方法提供依据。     

基于离散模块梁单元水弹性理论的复杂连接处建模方法

[目的]在离散模块?梁单元(DMB)水弹性理论框架下,提出针对连接形式复杂的超大型浮体结构(VLFS)的新的建模方法,并与已有方法进行对比分析.[方法]首先,概述基于DMB的水弹性分析方法,给出求解连续VLFS结构在波浪作用下的动力响应步骤;然后,针对VLFS复杂连接处进行建模,通过定义连接处的刚度矩阵,对与连接处相邻...     

On the dispersion relation of hydroelastic waves in a plate

This paper deals with the dispersion relation of hydroelastic waves in pontoon-type very large floating structures (VLFS) using a simple beam modeling, where the term hydroelastic waves means propagation of deflection vibrations in VLFS. The purpose of this paper is to show the properties of the hydroelastic waves. The dispersion relation of hydroelastic waves propagating in an infinite plate floating on the water is derived based on the linear water wave theory. The effects of the water depth and of the bending rigidity of the floating plate on the wavelength, phase velocity, and group velocity of the hydroelastic waves are shown theoretically or numerically. Then, the dispersion relation of hydroelastic waves in a finite plate floating on shallow water is investigated. It is shown that the wavelength or the phase velocity of the hydroelastic waves varies with the location in the plate. Received for publication on April 7, 1999; accepted on Aug. 20, 1999     

三维水弹性力学中的结构广义质量计算

该文给出了三维水弹性力学中弹性模态位移振型归一化时广义质量的计算方法，并应用三维有限元方法计算了箱式大型浮体结构的固有频率和广质量，经与均匀梁解析解的比较表明，两种方法差异不大，因此，采用均匀染解析解来计算这种结构的固有频率和广义质量是完全可行的，简化了计算工作。     

考虑浮体弹性变形的锚泊系统分析方法

传统的锚泊系统分析方法一般是假设结构物为刚性不可变形的,这种假设对于常规海洋结构物的锚泊系统分析,其精度是可以接受的,然而对于弹性体(比如超大型浮体)来说,这种浮体刚性的假设显然是不合理的.本文基于摄动理论,分别给出了锚泊浮体(同时包括弹性体和刚性体)和锚泊系统的一阶运动方程.分别用三维水弹性理论和Goodman-Iance法求解浮体的动力响应和锚泊线的运动,并给出了两者之间的协调关系.通过数值算例分析表明,对于超大型浮体,其弹性特性对锚泊系统特性的影响是不可忽略的.     

Experimental study on responses of an 8-module VLFS considering different encounter wave conditions

For the very large floating structure (VLFS) which is deployed near seashores, islands and reefs, the encounter wave conditions are always extremely complex. Traditional methods using homogeneous wave environment conditions cannot be applied for the analysis. In order to provide references for the further development of numerical methods, this paper reports an experimental study on responses of an 8-module VLFS under three different encounter wave conditions. The wave heights, accelerations, motions and connector loads of VLFS in three test schemes are obtained and analyzed. The comparative results show that the inhomogeneous wave conditions have an essential influence on the responses of VLFS. Especially for the connector loads, the values in the inhomogeneous wave conditions increase a lot compared with the other two test schemes. It indicates the traditional numerical methods using homogeneous wave field may not guarantee a safe design of VLFS and its connectors in the complicated wave environments.