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目前已有自行车出行路径规划方法普遍存在需求差异性考虑不足、方案精度较低等问题,无法满足人们逐步严苛的出行需求,根据出行多样化需求(单一需求、复合需求)进行规划方法研究可以拓宽自行车出行路径选择手段.以通勤性出行、事务性出行、休闲性出行作为主要出行目的,通过文献研究、实地调查和因素分析,确认了出行时间、出行安全和出行环境3个方面的需求以及各需求下的影响因素,基于北京市西城区路网基础数据进行数值标定、算法描述等,分别研究了单一需求和复合需求影响下的自行车出行路径规划方法,根据不同出行目的下的需求差异性分别给出推荐路径.考虑到过街影响提高了出行时间需求下的推荐精度,单一影响与复合影响的差异也可以提供更多自行车出行路径的选择方法. 相似文献
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共享电单车作为“最后一公里”较好的出行选择,因其具有良好的驱动性和便捷性,在道路坡度较大的山地城市拥有较高的潜在出行需求。然而,作为一种新兴出行模式,共享电单车是否适应山地城市,山地城市道路如何适应并促进共享电单车的发展推广,目前尚无相关的研究。为填补该领域研究空白,提升共享电单车用户群体的出行安全,促进共享电单车在山地城市的推广,优化共享电单车在山地城市的规划布设,通过问卷调查、实地试验以及运营大数据分析等方法,分析了共享电单车用户的骑行体验、骑行偏好、道路爬坡能力、出行分布等信息,认为共享电单车用户的人行道骑行体验普遍劣于车行道骑行体验,在道路规划设计时,应结合实地道路路权使用情况,尽可能在车行道设置安全的非机动车道;共享电单车可以在坡度不超过12%的山地城市道路完成爬坡,但坡度超过11%时,电单车的骑行速度受到较大影响,建议设置非机动车道的道路最大纵坡控制在11%以内;电单车用户群体主要根据出行目的选择路线,且更愿意在宽阔的主、次干路骑行,建议在坡度小于11%的主、次干路设置电单车通勤路线;共享电单车需根据山地城市道路特点,增加及提升车辆本身的设备,如增加反光镜、夜间尾灯亮度等。 相似文献
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《国际交通安全学会研究报告》2019,43(2):122-130
Despite the limited transportation options, public buses have been proved unpopular in many Sub-Saharan African cities. While the declining use of local buses in the developed world is often associated with increasing number of transport alternatives, relatively little is known about African cities. A substantial number of studies are focused on how to replace buses with the rapid transportation modes and less diagnosis is applied to the factors affecting the use of buses. Using household information survey, this paper attempts to investigate the factors affecting the demand for buses in Maputo and Nairobi by employing logistic regression approach.Results show both similarities and variations among the factors affecting the likelihood of using buses. For example, the likelihood of using buses decreases with vehicle ownership and employment status in the two cities. In addition, gender (female) has no effect on the likelihood of choosing buses over paratransit in both cities. Second, while age decreases the likelihood of choosing buses and residence location increases that in Maputo, the opposite is observed in the case of Nairobi City. The main implication of these findings is that there is a need to share the roles of public transportation between buses and paratransit. 相似文献
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城市共享单车是城市绿色交通系统的组成部分,是服务公众短距离出行和公共交通接驳换乘的重要方式,在解决城市交通出行“最后一公里”问题等方面发挥了积极作用。为科学评估城市共享单车服务的满意度,采用问卷调查法和实地踏勘法采集了宁波市1 212个共享单车用户有效样本,利用统计学方法构建二元有序概率(bivariate ordered probit, BOP)模型,分析共享单车满意度影响因素,计算显著影响因素的边际效应,量化分析共享单车满意度和使用率的影响因素效用。结果表明:BOP模型可以量化分析影响共享单车使用频率和满意度的各类因素。结果表明,性别、年龄、教育程度、家庭拥有车辆情况、平时出行方式和出行距离等具有统计显著性,是影响城市共享单车服务满意度的显著因素。从用户需求和服务感知出发,了解现有服务所存在的主要问题以及迫切需要优化的方面,提升共享单车服务质量和用户出行体验。 相似文献
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Many French and European cities have developed a bike sharing system since 2005. This policy may be explained in a great part by the success of the Velo??v in Lyon, which contributed to improve the image of cycling in the city. If bicycles, however, appear to find a new place in the city, one can wonder whether this is really due to bike sharing systems? What are the real uses of bicycles in contemporary cities, with or without such a system? To answer these questions, the paper starts with a literature review on bicycle in the city, to draw lessons from recent experiences of bike sharing systems. It then discusses the two cases of Lyon and Lille, which never had a bike sharing system on its own. The evolution of bicycle use is measured with a comparison of household transportation surveys in Lyon (1995 and 1998) and Lille (1998 and 2006). In both cities, the analysis reveals a rise in the proportion of healthiest citizens among urban bikers, as well as a return of bikes in dense areas. Bike sharing systems are part of such tendencies. They support them, but should not become a panacea for policies supporting bike use in the city. 相似文献
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《国际交通安全学会研究报告》2022,46(3):380-387
Due to the rapid increase in bicycle usage during the pandemic, this study aims to ascertain the effects of COVID-19 and the role of psychosocial factors on the intention to cycle in the future. An integrated model of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and technology acceptance model (TAM) was modified and utilized with a sample of 473 cyclists in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The results confirm that the awareness change because of the advent of COVID-19, especially related to the environment, negative impacts of motorized vehicles (including road safety burden), and climate change issues, has the strongest power to influence bicycle use intention. The positive effect of COVID-19 also significantly influenced subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. Meanwhile, attitudes toward cycling and its perceived usefulness did not significantly contribute to bicycle use intention. Attitudes to use bicycles also could not mediate the relationship between COVID-19 and the intention to use bicycles. Based on the study findings, a set of policy initiatives was proposed, including cycling campaigns related to environmental issues, promoting bicycle use by public figures, providing a segregated bike lane, and introducing bicycle-specific programs, such as bicycle usage in cultural events. 相似文献
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Alberto Doria Sergio Daniel Roa Melo 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2018,56(6):947-966
In recent years the Whipple Carvallo Bicycle Model has been extended to analyse high speed stability of bicycles. Various researchers have developed models taking into account the effects of front frame compliance and tyre properties, nonetheless, a systematic analysis has not been yet carried out. This paper aims at analysing parametrically the influence of front frame compliance and tyre properties on the open loop stability of bicycles. Some indexes based on the eigenvalues of the dynamic system are defined to evaluate quantitatively bicycle stability. The parametric analysis is carried out with a factorial design approach to determine the most influential parameters. A commuting and a racing bicycle are considered and numerical results show different effects of the various parameters on each bicycle. In the commuting bicycle, the tyre properties have greater influence than front frame compliance, and the weave mode has the main effect on stability. Conversely, in the racing bicycle, the front frame compliance parameters have greater influence than tyre properties, and the wobble mode has the main effect on stability. 相似文献
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通过对哈尔滨市几种常见的出行方式,包括步行、自行车、摩托车、公共汽车、小汽车和出租车在外部成本方面的量化研究,分别确立了城市交通外部成本的计算方法和模型.通过对哈尔滨市进行调查,为交通政策的制定以及交通资源的合理利用提供科学依据,以促进城市交通的可持续发展. 相似文献
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客运交通结构优化是实现城市交通系统可持续发展的重要方法之一,在提升城市客运交通系统效率方面发挥重要的作用.根据客运交通结构影响因素的性质,建立模糊解释结构模型,将客运交通结构的影响因素划分为4个层次:直接影响感知因素层、间接影响认知因素层、过渡连接因素层和根本性因素层,并使用有向弧对于层级之间与层级内部的影响因素关系进行了连接.根据模型的分析结果可知,城市规模为根本性因素,资金投入为过渡连接因素,道路布局、基础设施、出行者特性为间接影响认知因素.研究结果确定了优化客运交通结构的关键性因素,以哈尔滨市为实例,从交通政策、土地利用、出行方式效用等方面提出了优化城市客运交通结构的建议. 相似文献
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为了探究自行车骑行过程中骑行者的疲劳感知变化规律及其影响因素,设计实施了针对不同骑行环境的骑行试验。根据试验收集的骑行者个体属性、骑行强度数据及骑行者生理、心理数据,利用多元线性回归方法建立了骑行者疲劳感知模型,定量描述了骑行者疲劳感知与骑行者个体属性、骑行强度以及骑行者生理、心理负荷之间的变化关系。应用统计检验方法对模型的线性显著性、多重共线性进行检验;并通过实施新的骑行试验验证了模型对于实际骑行活动中骑行者疲劳感知的预测能力。由模型分析可知:骑行者的疲劳感知变化主要受到骑行者个体属性、骑行强度、骑行者生理负荷以及心理负荷等属性的影响,4种属性的建模变量对于出行者疲劳感知的影响因子分别为-0.291,0.353,0.253,0.265。研究结果表明:在骑行过程中,骑行强度、骑行者生理负荷以及心理负荷因素与疲劳感知呈正相关关系,而骑行者个体属性则与疲劳感知呈负相关关系,其中骑行强度因素对于疲劳感知变化影响最大;模型预测的骑行者疲劳程度值与试验实测值无显著性差异;可通过改善现有骑行环境来降低骑行过程中骑行者的生理负荷和心理负荷,从而减小骑行者出行疲劳感知期望值,以此影响自行车出行者骑行选择行为的决策;骑行疲劳感知模型可应用于自行车交通评估与规划。 相似文献
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为了对景区公共自行车站点进行合理布设,研究通过对相关文献的综合归纳,以及对国内自行车交通发展现状的分析,提出了以二次指数平滑法进行需求量预测、p-中位模型进行站址规划、模糊综合评判法进行站址评价的旅游城市景区公共自行车网络规划设计方法,并以大唐芙蓉园景区为例,进行了实例分析。结果表明所提出的方法能为旅游景区的公共自行车站点分布进行合理的规划。 相似文献
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随着中国城镇化水平的提高、城市空间规模的不断拓展,很多城市的空间结构演化为带状组团型城市,轴向交通干道数量少、交通拥堵严重、缺少大中运量公共交通等情况已经成为困扰城市交通运行、阻碍城市发展的重要问题。着重梳理了带状组团型城市的发展历程和交通特征,提出了类似城市在进行城市快速路网规划工作时需要考虑的重点内容和解决方案。 相似文献