悬臂掘进机在复杂断面地铁隧道中的应用研究

悬臂掘进机是应用于煤矿煤巷掘进的综合机械化掘进设备,将其应用于复杂断面的地铁隧道之中,其适用性与围岩的力学特性和施工工法有直接关系.工程实践研究表明,悬臂掘进机适用于无临时仰拱的台阶法开挖,影响悬臂掘进机掘进效率的围岩力学特性指标主要有:岩石的单轴抗压强度和围岩的裂隙间距,按照这2个指标可将悬臂掘进机的适用性分为3级;掘进过程中所产生的粉尘可通过改变通风方式来解决.除此之外,影响悬臂掘进机掘进效率的因素还有:初期支护方式和出碴运输方式,高强树脂锚固锚杆支护系统和连续运输出碴系统是否与悬臂掘进机较好的匹配.通过对悬臂掘进机在实际工程中应用情况的分析,探索了在复杂断面地铁隧道之中应用悬臂掘进机的适用性和影响悬臂掘进机掘进效率的因素以及存在的问题,且在实际工程中得到了验证.     

悬臂式掘进机在地铁小净距浅埋暗挖隧道施工中的应用

悬臂掘进机在地铁暗挖隧道施工中应用较少。通过悬臂掘进机在青岛地铁8号线胶州北车辆段出入段线暗挖隧道施工的应用进行分析总结,悬臂掘进机在地铁软弱围岩施工时对围岩扰动少、施工进度快、开挖质量高,有效地降低了安全风险,具有独特的、无可比拟的优势,其施工经验为浅埋暗挖隧道下穿既有道路、临近既有建筑物施工提供了相关参考依据。     

悬臂式掘进机与控制爆破组合式隧道开挖技术试验研究

在较软岩浅埋隧道穿越城区时,爆破施工震动会对周边居民和建筑产生干扰甚至造成危害,需要采取特殊减震措施。文章以重庆枢纽铁路新红岩隧道为例,通过引进隧道悬臂式掘进机、铣挖机等机械设备,研究了悬臂式掘进机与控制爆破组合式隧道开挖方法。实际工程效果表明,悬臂式掘进机与控制爆破组合式开挖方法能明显降低施工震动,具有良好的施工效果。悬臂式掘进机与控制爆破组合式开挖方法可运用于埋深在15~20 m的隧道段落,对于15 m以下埋深的隧道段落,建议采取半断面全机械开挖法施工。     

悬臂掘进机在交通隧道施工中的实践应用与适应性研究

悬臂掘进机在交通隧道施工中被更多的使用,但针对其在不同隧道断面大小、地质条件等方面的施工能力和适应性还存在诸多疑问,基于此,文章结合相关工程案例,分析了不同断面大小、地质条件下的地铁、铁路隧道采用悬臂掘进机施工的工效、能耗问题,综合对比分析了其主要性能和适应性,对能否采用悬臂掘进机、如何选择、主要运作性能等提出了建议。     

城市浅埋及超浅埋隧道非爆技术设备选型与配套研究

随着我国铁路建设事业的迅猛发展,隧道开挖作业所面临的环境越来越复杂.重庆铁路枢纽规模宏大,穿越城市繁华区,尤以新红岩隧道埋深浅,上部楼房林立、人口密集,重要建(构)筑物和精密设备保护点较多.如何控制隧道施工对周边环境及邻近居民的影响是本工程重难点所在.文章针对非爆破开挖技术方案进行比选并结合隧道工程实际情况最终选择了悬臂式掘进机方案.     

悬臂掘进机成套机械化作业线在铁路隧道施工中的应用

新磨溪二号隧道为Ⅳ级、Ⅴ级软弱围岩隧道,穿越岩溶、滑坡等不良地质及石膏等特殊岩土,地质条件复杂,施工风险高;而且该隧道邻近既有营业线,施工难度大,安全要求高,采用传统爆破法施工难以满足进度与安全要求。文章对比分析了悬臂掘进机法相较于传统钻爆法的施工优势,阐述了悬臂掘进机成套机械化作业线设备配套技术及施工组织方案。实际应用效果表明,悬臂掘进机成套机械化作业线作为一种较为先进的隧道非钻爆法施工方法,在隧道工程施工中具有广阔的应用前景。     

矿山法施工地铁隧道时控制地表沉降、地下管线沉降的施工技术

城市地铁隧道一般为浅埋,它与山岭隧道相比,主要区别是要考虑隧道施工对周边环境的影响.文章以广州地铁二～三号线客村联络线工程为例,初步总结了城市地铁隧道采用矿山法施工时,控制地表和地下管线沉降的经验,可供类似工程施工时参考.     

东山口人行隧道跨越地铁隧道区段的施工技术

随着社会经济的发展,地铁在我国越来越多的城市建成,地铁隧道主要沿着城市干道修建.与此同时,人行天桥越来越与城市环境不相协调,而且,施工时常常会阻断交通,因此,更多采用暗挖人行隧道来解决繁华路口行人过街问题,这样,就给人行隧道的设计和施工带来一定难度.文章介绍了广州市东山口人行隧道跨越地铁隧道区段的施工技术,可为以后类似工程提供参考.     

用臂式掘进机开挖隧道的初步探索

文章详细介绍了臂式掘进机的资料查询和S100型臂式掘进机在河南晋焦高速公路黄塘隧道施工中的试验情况,通过数理分析,初步摸索出了一套施工模式和施工参数,提出了一套从设备选型到施工方法和运输方式的方案设计,为今后软岩隧道、高原冻土隧道推广应用臂式掘进机提供了宝贵资料.     

广州地铁三号线天河客运站折返线冷冻法施工的关键技术研究

目前在城市地铁冷冻法施工中,在如何控制工程质量,确保隧道施工及其周围环境安全等方面,尚存在一定的难度.文章结合广州地铁三号线冷冻法隧道工程中所遇到的实际问题,阐明了冷冻法施工中的关键技术和控制要点.     

Analysis of factors affecting the choice of route of pedestrians

Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD).

An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip.

It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links.     

Non-parametric analyses of efficiency of airports

This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress.     

波纹管应力分析研究进展

评述了波纹管应力理论研究方法的进展情况，围绕解析法、工程近似法和数值法，对波纹管理论研究中的一些主要成果作了较详细的回顾和总结，对各种研究方法作出了评价，展望了亟待解决的一些问题。     

实现多组态计量软件集中监控的可行性分析

天然气自动计量系统有多种组态软件,由于软件的不相通性,造成了计量系统数据采集的通用性差、数据传输与入库的时效性差、数据利用的可靠性低.结合各组态软件的实际情况,从设计上充分利用Oracle大数据处理能力以及Partition(分区表)的特性,实现历史数据的存储,应用WebService与COM+数据访问组件提供多层数据访问架构,采用OPC与DDE工业数据交换协议,实现了各站场计量数据的实时上传,为连续数据采集和实时监控提供了可能,节约了改造成本.     

注汽管道承压能力评估和实物试验验证

基于失效评估图技术对某注汽管道进行了承压能力评价,给出了管线在不同腐蚀壁厚情况下的极限承压能力和极限裂纹尺寸。并利用实物爆破试验验证了评价方法的安全性和有效性,通过对爆破断口进行宏观和微观分析,发现管段的开裂属于脆性开裂。     

输油管道中原油乳状液的流变性研究

原油乳状液的流变性是原油开采后在管道中输送的重要研究方面,为了更好地研究这一性质,采用电动搅拌机、偏光显微镜以及流变仪等仪器来测定不同含水率的原油乳状液在不同条件下的黏度,观测不同含水率的原油乳状液在偏光显微镜下的形态。并且分别对原油乳状液的黏度与含水率之间的关系以及与剪切速率之间的关系进行研究,初步确定了所测区块原油乳状液的转相点以及该区块原油乳状液的流变特性,为生产中的油气集输提供了理论依据。     

城市轨道交通杂散电流监测系统概述

介绍了城市轨道交通工程中杂散电流不同的监测系统的构成,分析了集中式、分散式和智能型等监测系统的配置和功能,以及智能型实时在线监测系统的重要意义,为轨道交通工程杂散电流监测系统的选择与应用提供参考。     

埋地管道防腐保温层失效评价

明确埋地管道防腐保温层的技术评价标准,对埋地钢质管道的安全运行,延长管道使用寿命具有重要意义。为了对埋地管道防腐保温层做出有效评价,从间接检测与开挖检测2个方面,结合现场检测数据,提出了基于防腐保温层的电流衰减率、绝缘电阻率、质量状况与厚度的分级评价标准及基于4种评价指标的综合评判方法。工程实践表明,该评价标准对防腐保温层是否存在失效能做出有效判断。     

Preliminary results of an analysis of areas of influence in Shanghai

The main deficiency of most current modeling approaches to transportation can be identified as neglect of the integration of existing geographical knowledge in regard to the ex ante transport/land use modeling approaches, with its focus on territorial dynamics and theory development. This paper addresses this aspect of the problem by introducing a theoretical and methodological framework for the analysis of the interrelationship between land uses. The analysis attempts to determine to what extent the functional land use in a city can be considered an ordered pattern. The order sought does not rely on purely spatial configurations, but on the correlation of transportation and land use. The first section of this paper focuses on theoretical considerations. It stresses the fact that conventional approaches do not apply in the present context. It then suggests an alternative based on areas of influence and measured in terms of level of attractance of land uses. The second describes a procedure based on this alternative following the remarkable contribution of Hanjoul, Beguin and Thill. An application of this procedure to the analysis of Shanghai is then examined. Finally, an evaluation of the strategies for optimizing the interrelationship between land uses is presented. The paper concludes with a possible research agenda.     

Direct analysis of the perceived importance of attributes of reliability of travel modes in urban travel

Reliability of travel modes was found to be the most important characteristic of transportation systems in several attitudinal investigations of individual travel behavior. This paper represents the first part of a research effort aimed at gaining a better understanding of the characteristics of reliability of transportation modes in urban travel. In this research, reliability characteristics are identified; their importance relative to each other is assessed, and an insight into possible structure of an objective reliability index is discussed. The research is based on perceived values of reliability, which were identified through a large attitudinal survey conducted in the Chicago metropolitan area.