浅议战略价值链的优化管理问题

在企业间竞争日趋激烈的形势下,战略管理在企业管理中的地位越来越重要.如何优化把价值链思想应用于企业战略管理当中的"战略价值链"就显得至关重要.本文分别从内部价值链、纵向价值链和横向价值链的角度提出了优化战略价值链的方法,提出了相应的优化管理策略.     

航运企业风险分析和规避对策

<正>为保障航运企业的可持续发展,笔者通过对企业的资金来源、运营模式和运输市场等特性的调查,确定了航运企业可能存在的风险来源,并以此制定了利用价值链理论、开展多元化经营、加强合作、建立联盟等一系列的风险规避对策,以期最大程度地降低航运企业的风险发生概率、提高企业的运营效益和竞争实力,并推动航运业的健康发展。一、航运企业的主要风险航运业作为一个高投入、回收期长、资金密集型的行     

如何认识和实施大型航运企业的全面风险管理

航运企业的全面风险管理，既要全面覆盖所有活动领域以及所有相关内、外部影响要素，又要在某项活动中全面顾及不同性质的风险。     

航运企业的市场风险管理策略研究

航运市场风云变幻,航运企业在经营中会面临各式各样的风险。航运企业的市场风险管理策略,在很大程度上影响了企业的财务绩效。因此,本文从航运企业面临的各类市场风险出发,借鉴国际航运市场风险管理中采取的策略,通过分析比较马士基集团和中远集团在市场风险管理中的经验和教训,以期为我国航运企业降低市场风险、走出市场低迷、提高市场竞争力提供有益的指导。     

航运企业开展国际物流服务的风险管理策略

经济全球化的深入带动了航运全球化的不断发展,进而推动了国际物流的发展。为了适应国际间经济贸易的合作深入,航运企业现阶段的运输模式已经逐渐向现代全球化转型,在这一过程中,航运企业难免会遇到诸多风险。本文将从航运企业开展物流国际服务的背景出发,阐述航运企业朝国际物流服务转型的方向,分析在朝国际物流转型的过程中所面临的风险,并在此基础上提出航运企业开展国际物流的风险管理策略,以期能够为航运企业在开展国际物流服务时提供借鉴。     

跨国航运企业财务风险管理

借鉴国内外财务风险管理理论与实践中一些比较成熟的方法,结合我国航运企业财务风险管理的实际情况,对我国跨国航运企业财务风险管理中的资金筹集风险、资金管理风险等相关问题进行研究,并对跨国航运企业财务风险管理的内部环境建设提出建议。     

链服务――航运供应链的价值链嵌入

为使航运业更好地适应经济全球化浪潮和全球价值链带来的碎片化生产新特点,用生产性服务企业嵌入制造企业的理论框架,分析航运服务企业以节点嵌入模式嵌入全球价值链的机理和特点,探讨航运产业创新和产业升级的可能路径。航运企业以航运供应链嵌入全球价值链,为制造企业提供"链服务",使得航运业态由船与船的竞争转变为链与链的竞争;航运企业应通过提供"链服务"不断适应生产变化和市场需求,从而谋求与制造企业协同创新并促进产业升级。     

航运企业的风险管理

为规避航运企业面临的各类风险，从运输、成本、市场、竞争等4个方面指出航运企业进行风险管理的必要性，并针对航运企业的风险特征，提出航运企业进行风险规避的措施及处理方法。     

中远航运：风险管理履险如夷

中远航运股份有限公司在航运风险管理和控制上，有针对性地做好各种风险的预测、评估、分析、化解和转化工作，把经营目标和规避风险的措施联系在一起，通过有效的风险管理（控制），识别出真正的航运风险，并有针对性制定相应的遏制和防止措施，尽最大努力规避了风险。     

航运企业风险管理

2008年以来,受国际金融危机影响,全球经济面临严峻挑战,国际航运市场大幅波动,航运企业受到严重威胁。航运业是强周期性行业,影响因素众多,影响后果严重;因此,加强航运企业风险管理,以科学发展观认识并管理企业风险,形成完善的企业风险管理机制,持续监控和预警,制定风险应对方案,可以确保航运企业在复杂的经营环境中健康、长久地发展。     

Risk perception affecting the performance of shipping companies: the moderating effect of China and Korea

Risks in the shipping industry have been highlighted and have attracted significant attention, especially following the bankruptcy of Hanjin in 2017. Due to the decrease in container volume, the business environment for large shipping companies in China has deteriorated. Therefore, major large shipping companies have implemented mixed ownership reform, which provides more opportunities for large Korean shipping companies to enter the Chinese shipping industry. This study first identifies risk perception, specifically focusing on the moderating effect of Chinese and Korean shipping companies, and then demonstrates the impact of these risks on shipping company performance. The results show that market, operational, and technical risks have a negative influence on Chinese shipping companies, whereas market, policy, financial, operations, and technical risks have a negative influence on Korean shipping companies. This study contributes to the fundamental understanding of the effect of risk perception on performance among shipping companies in both countries and calls for further research on risk management plans based on the risk factors identified herein. On a practical level, this study provides an important reference for operators and investors who seek to enter strategic alliances or joint venture in Chinese shipping industry.     

金融危机下福建船舶企业防范风险的策略和思考

世界性金融危机对全球的船舶市场产生巨大影响，而福建船舶业也难以独善其身。如何应对金融危机，并从战略的高度提出一系列的防范对策与措施，是当前每一个船舶人都需要面对的重要课题之一。这场金融危机所造成的潜在风险可能来自船东或金融机构一方，也可能直接就来自企业本身，对此要有足够的认识；当然，危机既包含着巨大的风险，同时也孕育着莫大的机遇。如果我们在沟通信息、扩大融资渠道和苦练内功等方面有所作为，谋定而动，就一定能够让福建的船舶企业淌过险滩，再创佳绩。     

航运企业信用管理

结合航运企业的经营特点,分析了航运企业信用风险的含义及其主要影响因素,从不同的角度探讨了目前我国航运企业信用管理的现状及不足,进而从事前、事中和事后几方面提出了航运企业信用管理的对策。     

企业在工程实施过程中的风险管理

从风险的定义及风险的分类出发,分析施工企业在工程项目实施过程中遇到的风险因素和特点,提出风险分配的原则、通常应对风险的对策以及全面的风险控制,以提高工程施工单位的项目风险意识,强化加强风险管理意识,落实防范措施,减少风险损失。     

广东内河砂石运输船安全管理问题的对策

砂石运输船舶的安全管理问题，长期以来是水上交通安全管理的难点。由于这类船舶存在许多不安全的因素，是水上交通事故的主要源头所在，而且这类船舶超栽、超限、逃避检查等现象的严重程度已对通航安全的管理产生了较大的影响，其严重性、危害性是十分巨大的。文中建议建立并完善各级海事部门与有关职能部门的联系沟通机制，建立与航运企业，港口企业，行政相对人联系制度，加强督促企业和船舶安全管理主体责任的落实，共同打造水上交通安全责任链。     

Evaluation of political risk in a shipping project

Shipping projects, as land-based ones, are evaluated by using different measures of merit based on discounted cash flows. The bulk carrying industry, where costs are known better than revenues, adopted the required freight rate (RFR) and its derivative the economic cost of transport (ECT) as its major measures of merit. Shipping is a business exposed to many unforeseen risks. Although many of these risks are beyond the control of the shipowners/operators, they should all be carefully weighed during the process of project selection designed for investment decisions. One such risk is the expropriation of shore-based facilities built by the shipping operator at one or more termini of the maritime distribution channel. The operator has to assess the value and probability of risk and translate them into a premium which he will levy on each unit of goods transported. Adding this premium to the required freight rate together with the inventory holding costs and marine insurance charges will produce the real economic cost of transport.     

Shipping freight derivatives: a survey of recent evidence

In an industry that is characterized by highly volatile prices, seasonality, strong business cycles, cyclicality and capital intensiveness, risk management is extremely important. Ship-owners and charterers face enormous risks, which emanate from fluctuations in freight rates, bunker prices, interest rates, foreign exchange rates and vessel values. These risks substantially affect the interplay between revenue and cost. Modern risk management techniques, involve the use of financial derivatives products, some of which have been developed exclusively for protecting (hedging) against the adverse price fluctuations of the aforementioned sources of risk in shipping. By using derivatives products, ship-owners and charterers can secure (stabilize) the level of their future income or costs and thus reduce uncertainty and unforeseen volatility of their cash-flow. To explore the importance of hedging freight rate risk in shipping operations, a survey of recent empirical evidence that has appeared in economic studies has been conducted. Developments over the past 20 years have been fast, with certain amount of research carried, which has helped to understand better the special features of these derivatives markets. They are all summarized in the current study, which can provide the stepping stone for further work in the area of shipping derivatives and risk management in shipping.     

Complexity theory applied to management of shipping companies

Theory of complexity , in the author's opinion, describes life better than the hitherto available theories, as it deals more effectively with dynamic, non-linear and cyclical phenomena. The author will here attempt the application of the theory of complexity to the management of shipping companies , especially those of Greek management style. This paper will also deal with the relationship of competition in shipping. The question that will be put and answered is whether a firm should be a hierarchical, inflexible structure, ordered from above. If, however, a company is seen as a self-organized emerging order, then a new approach must be adopted, i.e. that of complexity theory. The choice of the above combination is because a shipping environment is indeed unpredictable, volatile, cyclical and international, as well as complex. It is believed that this new theory can yield a new, more pragmatic, insight into the way shipping companies and ships should be managed. The innovative element of this work is that it will be the first time internationally (except for the work of Li and Parsons [1]) that the theory of complexity will be applied to shipping. In addition, no previous attempts have been made to apply this theory to management of shipping companies.     

Shipping freight derivatives: a survey of recent evidence

In an industry that is characterized by highly volatile prices, seasonality, strong business cycles, cyclicality and capital intensiveness, risk management is extremely important. Ship-owners and charterers face enormous risks, which emanate from fluctuations in freight rates, bunker prices, interest rates, foreign exchange rates and vessel values. These risks substantially affect the interplay between revenue and cost. Modern risk management techniques, involve the use of financial derivatives products, some of which have been developed exclusively for protecting (hedging) against the adverse price fluctuations of the aforementioned sources of risk in shipping. By using derivatives products, ship-owners and charterers can secure (stabilize) the level of their future income or costs and thus reduce uncertainty and unforeseen volatility of their cash-flow. To explore the importance of hedging freight rate risk in shipping operations, a survey of recent empirical evidence that has appeared in economic studies has been conducted. Developments over the past 20 years have been fast, with certain amount of research carried, which has helped to understand better the special features of these derivatives markets. They are all summarized in the current study, which can provide the stepping stone for further work in the area of shipping derivatives and risk management in shipping.     

Impact of the container security initiative on Taiwan's shipping industry

This paper evaluates the impact of risk factors from the container security initiative on Taiwan's shipping industry by employing a risk management matrix to identify the severity and frequency of CSI risk factors, and discovers some appropriate risk management alternatives. This paper's findings are as follows: (1) The majority of risk factors have a moderate-risk level, and possible alternative risk management measures include risk prevention, self-retention and insurance. (2) Ensuring a balance between the efficiency of maritime logistics and supply chain security is of vital importance to any trading countries dealing with security risk issues. (3) The government should encourage the private sector to design and market security hardware and software, which will promote the growth of the domestic security industry and generate employment opportunities.