城市轨道交通牵引变电所继电保护可靠性评估

为了掌握城市轨道交通牵引变电所继电保护可靠性,寻找继电保护系统薄弱环节,为故障排查提供指导,进行城市轨道交通牵引变电所继电保护可靠性评估研究. 首先针对城市轨道交通牵引变电所继电保护系统特点,确定可靠性指标;其次根据系统构成及其故障模式,建立继电保护装置故障树模型以及不同配置方案的保护系统故障树模型;最后考虑微机自检功能,基于马尔科夫理论及蒙特卡洛方法,仿真计算城市轨道交通牵引变电所继电保护可靠性指标. 研究结果表明:方法能够获取丰富的可靠性指标,进行牵引变电所继电保护可靠性评估,从而识别系统薄弱环节;自检率为0.9时,继电保护装置误动故障概率占装置故障概率比例高出拒动故障17.93%,装置误动及拒动自检成功率分别为86.09%与74.37%,保护装置可用度为99.88%;后备保护能够降低保护系统拒动概率,但由其误动造成的保护系统误动占比30%～50%,因此,在选用保护配置时需要考虑保护误动风险影响.      

舰船电力系统生命力评估研究

船舶电力系统生命力是评价舰船运行及战斗性能的重要指标.文中提出了一种考虑电气设备三维位置信息的生命力评估算法.该算法利用舱室坐标定义电气设备的三维空间位置,能够分析舰船在全方位打击下的停电损失后果,并考虑了电网重构恢复的优化分析以及设备容量限制的影响,按直接打击受损、永久停电、短时停电三种模式定义故障的后果严重度.通过实际算例的测试表明,该算法能够模拟任一位置的打击故障后果,并通过全船的统计结果,有效指示出船舶生命力指标的薄弱环节.     

深基坑支护结构的抗倾覆稳定探讨与可靠度研究

采用2种规范推荐的方法计算了某深基坑支护结构的抗倾覆安全系数,两种方法计算结果相差甚大.因此,提出用Monte Carlo的可靠度方法分析支护结构的稳定性,并利用Matlab语言编写了相应的计算程序,得到了同一工程的可靠度指标.结果表明：按两种不同计算方法得到的可靠度指标很接近,采用可靠度指标作为深基坑支护结构安全的评价标准更合理,并给出了可靠度的建议指标值.     

The Computer Simulation System for Range Distribution of various Implantat

IntroductionIonimPlanation,whichhasbeenestablishedasanimptwdopingmethodintosemiconductoratfluenceslowerthanl0I6ions/Cm2andWhichisanindispensabletechnologyinlnyescaleintegration(LSI)manufcturing,haslat0lyattractedconsiderableattentionasasdsemodificationProcessforvariousmaterials,pwhcularlyformetals.HighfiuenceimPlanationofreactiveionsintomatCrialsleadstothefOrmationofchemicalcompoundsandmetastablephase,suchasAlNandTffowhichhaveultrahighhardnessandgoodresistanccagainstwearresulhnginthegreat…     

基于最佳滑移率的防抱死制动系统的滑模变结构控制

本文介绍了滑模变结构控制理论及方法，针对汽车防抱死制动系统设计了控制器，并在Matlab／Simulinlc环境下进行了仿真分析。     

基于Monte Carlo法的山区路网应急中心选址

阐述了灾时山区路网各路段组成单元通行概率的分析方法,采用Monte Carlo模拟法对山区路网连通可靠度进行分析和计算,并通过概率解析法来检验Monte Carlo模拟法的计算精度。采用Monte Carlo模拟法分析路网节点间连通可靠度,提出了灾时山区路网应急救护中心优化选址方法。最后,通过实例阐述其计算过程。结果表明:采用Monte Carlo模拟法分析山区路网交通节点间的连通可靠度,找出灾时山区路网连通薄弱环节,为山区应急救护中心优化选址提供依据。     

基于Monte Carlo法的山区路网应急中心选址

阐述了灾时山区路网各路段组成单元通行概率的分析方法,采用Monte Carlo模拟法对山区路网连通可靠度进行分析和计算,并通过概率解析法来检验Monte Carlo模拟法的计算精度.采用Monte Carlo模拟法分析路网节点间连通可靠度,提出了灾时山区路网应急救护中心优化选址方法.最后,通过实例阐述其计算过程.结果表...     

AT供电牵引网故障测距仿真研究

根据接触网的特点和行波故障测距原理,采用了D型行波故障测距法.利用电磁暂态仿真软件ATPDraw搭建了AT供电方式下的仿真模型,然后对故障暂态电流运用小波分析工具进行处理,以检测暂态电流初始行波波头从而实现测距目的.对A型测距法和D型测距法进行比较知D型测距法测距更精确而且受到牵引网结构的影响更小.特别是存在分支站场的牵引网中,D型测距法完全不受分支点反射行波的干扰,可以单独使用实现行波保护.     

基于改进VIKOR算法的现代有轨电车线网规划研究

近年来,我国城市不断增加的机动车保有量,引发了严重的城市交通问题,当前急需引进新的交通方式,以减少交通拥堵、改善城市环境.相比昂贵的地铁系统,现代有轨电车满足价格合理、绿色环保、方便快捷的城市要求,逐渐在各大城市推广使用.考虑到其建成后难以改动的特点,则做好线网规划方案显得尤为重要.本文以某一具体城市线网规划为背景,通过建立现代有轨电车线网方案优选的指标体系,兼顾主客观因素,运用蒙特卡洛和熵值赋权的组合赋权方法确定指标体系的权重,提出了基于改进赋权方法的VIKOR模型,对城市有轨电车线网规划方案进行优选,为现代有轨电车提供合理的线网规划方案.     

PSCAD based multi-infeed HVDC system simulation validated by a recorded fault

More and more high voltage direct current （HVDC） converters are being located in a load area in the Yangtze River Delta Region in China. It＇s large transmission capacity and intensive placement are hardly seen in other countries. Accurate and reliable study tools and methods are extremely needed for power system engineers and researchers to deal with such problems which were never met before and otherwhere. A novel approach on electromagnetic modeling of alternating current / direct current （AC/DC） system is proposed and simulation is carried out to replay a real AC 3-phase to ground fault on a multi-infeed high voltage direct current （MIHVDC） system. AC system is specially simplified. Dynamic models and real parameters are adopted in main AC/DC equipments concerned and retained. Modeling and simulation are based on the power system computer aided design/electro-magnetic transient in direct current （PSCAD/EMTDC） system software package. Comparisons between simulation results and the records from the fault recorders are studied including both AC and DC quantities.     

汽车转向梯形优化设计软件的开发

本文采用MATLAB和VB接口编程技术。以整体式转向梯形机构为例,进行了优化设计。该方法充分利用了VB可视化编程的优点和MATLAB数值计算功能强大、数据输入与输出灵活的特点,在保证计算精确度的同时,减少了软件开发的难度。     

计及逆变回馈装置间歇工作制的城轨供电计算

逆变回馈装置在实际运行中采用间歇工作制,当采用供电计算确定逆变回馈装置的选址和容量设计时,必须考虑逆变回馈装置的工作特性模型.为此,提出了一种考虑逆变回馈装置间歇工作制的城市轨道交直流供电计算算法.该算法基于逆变回馈装置的功率提出了逆变回馈装置负荷过程的动态调整策略,并实现其状态切换;从主变电所统计整条线路的全日能耗,...     

Aero-optical characteristics of supersonic flow over blunt wedge with cavity window

The optical rays that form the image of an object and propagate a supersonic flow over a vehicle are refracted by the density variations. A numerical analysis of the aero-optical characteristics of supersonic flow over blunt wedge with a cavity window is carried out. A hybrid method of Reynold averaged Navier-Stokes and direct simulation Monte Carlo (RANS/DSMC) is employed to simulate the flowfield. Refraction factor is introduced to evaluate the flowfield’s aero-optical characteristic. The results show that mean flow’s aero-optical effects are mainly caused by the shock wave, the expansion wave and the turbulent boundary layer. Fluctuation flow’s aero-optical effects are mainly caused by the turbulent boundary layer and the shock wave induced by the cavity window. The aero-optical effects at the leading side of window are caused by the mean density variations, while the effects at the trailing side are caused by the density fluctuations. Different draft angles of the cavity window are investigated. The airborne optical devices of supersonic vehicle should be mounted in the middle of the cavity window with a large draft angle.     

基于蒙特卡罗模拟的交通状态辨识

提出了一种基于蒙特卡罗模拟的利用交通流参数实现交通状态辨识的方法.采 用 FANNY 算法实现了四种交通状态的聚类分析;利用蒙特卡罗模拟方法建立了 SVC 交 通状态辨识模型;分别构建了固定窗口模型和滑动窗口模型对交通状态进行辨识并综合 评价.分析结果表明：该方法能够对实时交通流参数进行准确辨识,尤其是构建的滑动窗 口模型,对交通状态辨识平均精度、召回率和 F 度量分别为 97.98%、94.64%和 96.21%.本方 法可为分析高速公路交通状态演化规律和发展趋势,建立预测预警、应急处置和信息发 布等应急运行机制提供科学方法和数据支撑.     

MODEL AND SIMULATION FOR A BRUSHLESS AC GENERATOR WITH AROTARY RECTIFIER

Objective For a brushless AC generator with a rotary rectifier, it is necessary and significant to model and simulate at normal and fault operation states. Methods Two new concepts, namely, Simulink signals and PSB (Power System Blockset) variables, are proposed, and the difference between the two concepts is clarified. Based on the new model for synchronous machines, a simulation model for a brushless AC generator with a rotary rectifier is constructed by Matlab/Simulink/PSB. This new model, which has a speed input terminal and an exciting voltage input one, can simulate the real electrical characters and direct mechanical connection between two synchronous machines perfectly. The rotary rectifier is a three-phase full-wave bridge rectifier which consists of six diodes. The model for the diodes is a macro-model which possesses much better accuracy than an ideal one of switches. Results Based on the present model, some simulation results such as exciting current waveform, phase current waveform and phase voltbge waveform are afftained at several operation conditions. Conclusion The simulation for a brushless AC generator with a rotary rectifier is demonstrated at normal and fault operation states, respectively. The results confirm the presented method.     

Research on Equipment Support Activity Process Simulation Based on Monte Carlo Method

The influencing factors of the equipment support activity process have the characteristics of nonlinearity, high dimension, many constraints, random uncertainty and fuzzy uncertainty. Monte Carlo method can solve the above problems commendably. This paper analyzes the main equipment support activity process and establishes the sampling plan and simulation model of the medium maintenance process based on Monte Carlo method, and the simulation result verifies a fact that the medium maintenance time can be effectively reduced when parallel operation on some procedures is used. It has a practical value and can give good advice to achieve the capability of equipment supportability.     

综合考虑高温后RC柱失效路径的可靠性分析

引入高温后混凝土和钢筋强度折减系数,建立4面受火后偏心受压柱的抗力模型和极限状态方程,利用蒙特卡罗法对高温后钢筋混凝土偏压柱综合考虑失效路径下的可靠性进行了数值模拟分析.综合考虑了单一失效路径和2种失效路径下受火后偏压柱的可靠性.结果表明,随着受火时间的增加,柱的可靠性指标逐渐变小;偏心距较小时,考虑2种失效路径下对受火后柱进行可靠性评估是不安全的;在偏心距较大时,考虑单一失效路径对受火后柱进行可靠性评估是不安全的,所以综合考虑高温后RC柱失效路径的可靠性比只考虑单一因素更符合真实情况.     

A New Proposal of Inverse-Time Characteristics for Overcurrent Relay Based on Microcomputer

The conventional time function of electromechanical relays is hard to coordinate with other relays．In order to promote the application of inverse-time overcurrent relays，a new time function for microprocessor-type relay is proposed．The setting of the trip time for this relay is performed by determining the shortest trip time and the longest trip time，respectively．The results of analysis show that with the new time function，the inverse-time overcurrent relay is easy to coordinate with other relays and has a comparatively shorter trip time，and that the fault happens in the protective zone．     

一种基于多元Probit模型的随机网络配流加载算法

为了改善基于Logit模型的随机网络配流加载算法的两个不足之处,本文提出了基于正态分布的Probit模型的随机网络配流算法。假设路段的广义交通时间服从正态分布,然后用蒙特卡洛模拟法对提出的算法进行求解。最后,用一个简单的交通网络例子对提出的算法进行验证分析。在算法求解过程中,运用Matlab对路段广义交通时间随机抽样,再对网络进行全有全无分配,将交通流量分配到起终点间的每一O-D对的最短路径上。应用Probit模型进行配流加载,其路径选择概率更接近实际更加合理,是一种值得推广的交通配流加载模型。     

基于模型的阻抗匹配平衡牵引变压器的保护

为解决励磁涌流的识别问题，将基于变压器模型的保护原理应用于阻抗匹配平衡牵引变压器．根据对该类变压器的电磁特性分析，导出了电压平衡方程，通过分析电压平衡方程等号两边的差值可以确定保护动作．在此基础上，提出了基于变压器模型的阻抗匹配平衡变压器保护的动作特性和动作方程；考虑电流互感器、电压互感器和保护装置自身的误差，提出了相应的整定原则．最后，进行了数值仿真，以验证动作方程和整定原则的正确性．