刺激视叶对脊髓活动的影响

实验在分析诱发VRP传入纤维类别的基础上,以DRP和VRP为指标,观察了牛蛙视叶下行冲动对脊髓活动的影响。发现:1、刺激坐骨神经诱发的脊髓VRP有早、晚两个成分;早期成分由Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类传入纤维兴奋引起;晚期成分由Ⅳ类传入纤维兴奋引起。2、刺激牛蛙视叶可诱发脊髓DRP。3、刺激视叶对刺激坐骨神经诱发的脊髓VRP早、晚期成分均有抑制作用。该抑制时程长,且早期成分的抑制和DRP在时程上有相关性。上述结果表明;视叶能以突触前抑制的形式参与躯体感觉传入的离心控制,影响脊髓反射活动,并可能涉及镇痛机制。     

Dynamic recrystallization behavior and microstructural evolution in SPHC steel

The dynamic recrystallization(DRX) behaviors in SPHC steel were investigated with hot compression tests at deformation temperatures of 950-1 150,strain rates of 0.1-15 s-1,and initial austenite grain sizes of 86-232 μm.The effects of deformation temperature,strain,strain rate and the initial austenite grain size on the microstructural evolution during DRX were studied in detail.The results show that DRX is observed under the condition of the Zener-Hollomon parameter being less than 1.07×10 13 s-1.The deformation activation energy for SPHC steel is calculated to be 299.4 kJ/mol by regression analysis.Austenite grain size of DRX is refined with decreasing temperature and increasing strain rate under steady state conditions,but it is not influenced by the initial grain size.The mathematical equation of DRX grain size of SPHC steel is obtained.     

猫足三里穴在脊髓中上行通路的电生理学观察

电刺激支配足三里穴的腓神经,或电针足三里穴都可在猫脊髓背索、背外侧索、腹外侧索和腹索四个象限的白质的上行纤维中引导到相应的诱发电位。提示电针足三里穴时,传入冲动並不局限于某一特殊的传导索上行。脊髓背側部的诱发电位和腹侧部显著不同。背侧部以低阈值,短时程,章突触的快电位为主;腹侧部以高阈值,长时程的多突触的慢电位为主。电刺激腓神经或足三里时,粗纤维的兴奋主要经脊髓背侧部上行。细纤维的兴奋主要经同侧或对侧的脊髓腹侧部上行。应用足以使C纤维兴奋的强刺激时,並不能在脊髓各上行传导索上引导到田C纤维兴奋引起的诱发电位。其原因有待于进一步探讨。     

Multi-element ultrasound phased array applicator for the ablation of deep-seated tissue

High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has attracted increasing interests as a promising noninvasive modality for the treatment of deep tumors in the thoracic and abdominal cavity. A 90-element HIFU spherical phased array applicator operated at 1MHz has been developed for deep tissue ablation. The spherical array with a 5 cm wide central hole has a 21 cm diameter and an 18 cm radius of curvature. Annular element distribution with unequal element spacing is used to reduce the number of elements. The array is constructed with piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT-8) circular elements that are 1.4 cm in diameter and have a wall with thickness of 0.2 cm. The array offers an effective ablating depth of at least 8 cm in the tissue for both simulations and ex vivo experiments. The simulations demonstrate that the developed array can steer the focus with good quality of intensity distributions up to 6mm off center over ranges from 17 to 21 cm when the water depth is set at 11 cm. We also present the beam focusing capability in deep tissue through a series of ex vivo experiments by measuring discoloration areas after sonications. These results indicate that the developed array is ideal for the ablation of deep-seated tissue.     

考虑阻感性负载IPT系统的动态补偿技术

针对整流性负载呈现出阻感特性引起感应电能传输（IPT）系统失谐,为了保持谐振频率,提出一种基于实测负载阻抗的动态补偿技术.该技术利用短时傅立叶变换得到负载的电流电压相量并计算出负载的感抗,通过动态调整电容阵列静态开关的方法改变其容值,达到补偿负载感抗目的.在阻感负载情况下,分别对浮频调谐控制方法以及动态电容阵列补偿方法进行实验比较,结果表明:相对浮频调谐控制方法,当负载为100和50 Ω时,本动态调谐方法传输的有功功率提高了12.1%和7.3%,且能保持初级谐振电路频率稳定,开关器件工作在软开关状态.      

Infinite clusters in locally dependent percolation on ℤ d

Techniques of Burton-Keane, developed earlier for independent percolation on ℤ ^d , are adapted to the setting of locally dependent percolation on ℤ ^d for d ⩾ 2. The main result of this paper is a uniqueness theorem, that there exists almost surely a unique infinite out-cluster in locally dependent percolation on ℤ ^d , under the finite energy condition.     

基于Fe-SMA的钢桥面板疲劳裂纹装配式主动加固方法

为实现对钢桥面板的快速加固,提出了基于铁基形状记忆合金(Fe-SMA)的钢桥面板疲劳裂纹新型装配式主动加固的方法;通过精细化双面加固有限元模型计算结果及对初步激活与加载试验的观察,验证了加固系统安全性与可靠性;在此基础上以U肋对接焊缝的疲劳裂纹为研究对象,根据线弹性断裂力学,结合该疲劳细节受力与开裂特征,采用循环荷载作用下表面裂纹和中裂纹尖端的Ⅰ型裂纹应力强度因子幅值对加固系统的加固效果进行评价,确定了针对不同长度裂纹的具体加固方案。研究结果表明:基于Fe-SMA的钢桥面板疲劳裂纹主动加固方法可将裂纹尖端应力强因子幅值降低至扩展阈值以下,能有效遏制疲劳裂纹的进一步扩展;对于长度在50 mm以下的未贯穿型疲劳裂纹可采用宽度为60 mm的Fe-SMA进行加固,裂纹前缘关注点应力强度因子降幅达90%以上;当贯穿型疲劳裂纹长度为50~120 mm时,可采用宽度为120 mm的Fe-SMA进行加固;当疲劳裂纹长度为120~350 mm时,需采用底板、腹板同时加固的方法来对疲劳裂纹进行加固,均能达到理想的止裂状态。      

肺癌患者神经肌肉传递功能的变化

通过重复神经刺激，检查了35例肺癌患者神经肌肉传递、运动神经传导速度（MCV）、感觉神经传导速度（SCV）及感觉神经电位（SNAP）幅度的改变。发现8例燕麦细胞癌患者在重复低频刺激时CMAP幅度减小，重复高频刺激时CMAP幅度增大，5例非小细胞肺癌患者也有同样变化。肺癌患者正中神经和腓肠神经的SNAP幅度明显降低。提示肺癌时既有神经肌肉传递功能的障碍，也有其它的周围神经系统病变。     

Experimental and stowing/deploying dynamical simulation of lenticular carbon fiber reinforced polymer thin-walled tubular space boom

The stowing and deploying experiment was conducted for three 700 mm long thin-walled tubes, and the structural behavior characteristics parameters were measured clearly, including strain, deformation and wrapping moment. 3D finite element models (FEM) were built subsequently and explicit dynamic method was used to simulate the stowing and deploying of the lenticular carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) thin-walled tubular space boom, which was designed as four-ply (45°/ − 45°/45°/ − 45°) lay-up. The stress and energy during the wrapping process were got and compared with different wrapping angular velocity, the reasonable wrapping angular velocity and effective method were conformed, and structural behavior characteristics were obtained. The results were compared and discussed as well, and the results show that the numerical results by 0.628 rad/s velocity agree well with the measured values. In this paper, the numerical procedure and experimental results are valuable to the optimization design of CFRP thin-walled tubular space boom and future research.     

Capsaicin穴位注射对穴位刺激引起的神经源性炎症反应的影响

为确定经长轴突反射和背根反射引起的皮肤循足太阳膀胱经及相关内脏的神经源性炎症反应可能是由细传入纤维内 P物质等神经递质的释放引起的 ,用 Capsaicin作为工具药 ,进行穴位注射后 ,观察两种反射条件下穴位刺激引起的神经源性炎症反应分布。结果发现 ,穴位注射 Capsaicin后 ,在长轴突反射和背根反射条件下电刺激承山穴均不能引起相应部位肉眼可见的神经源性炎症反应 ,定量分析也未发现 Evans蓝的明显渗出。结果提示 ,细纤维的长轴突反射和背根反射参与了经络活动。在经脉信息传递和经脉 -脏腑相关联系中 ,P物质等神经递质可能发挥作用。     

大学生结构设计竞赛基本杆件力学性能试验研究

为探讨大学生结构设计竞赛模型制作中常用单层竹皮受拉构件和竹皮空心杆的基本力学性能,用0.2 mm、0.35 mm、0.5 mm竹皮制作了108个长度为200 mm的拉条,72个长度为100 mm不同边长和侧棱包角处理的单层空心杆试件,应用电子拉压试验机测试了其极限承载力,并分析了其破坏形式、荷质比和应力。试验结果表明:0.35 mm竹皮在表面涂胶后用作拉条构件,强度可达60 MPa;用0.35 mm和0.5 mm单层竹皮结构制作空心杆需在四角进行包角处理,但缺点是会增加质量,降低荷质比。     

PRIMARY STUDY OF REPAIRING PERIPHERAL NERVE GAP WITH PORCINE SMALL INTESTINAL SUBMUCOSA

Objective To investigate the role of porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) conduit in axonal regeneration of rat sciatic nerve with a 10 mm gap. Methods Forty-eight rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=16). Following a 10 mm gap was made in one side of the sciatic nerve of each rat; previously prepared SIS and auto-nerve graft were interposed into the gap to reconnect the proximal and distal ends of the nerve, respectively. In the control group, the nerve gap remained unconnected. The samples of the SIS, graft, and distal nerve in group 1 and group 2 were harvested at 6 weeks and 10 weeks after operation, respectively. Axonal regeneration was evaluated by histology, electrophysiology, and quantitated by using computer-analyzed image.Results Regenerative nerve fibers were evident which contained much myelinated axons and grew over the gap in the SIS conduits at 10 weeks. Electrophysiological examination and computer-analyzed image showed that axonal regeneration in the SIS group was similar to that in the auto-nerve grafting group at 10 weeks. Conclusion SIS as a conduit possesses the ability for axonal regeneration of the peripheral nerve, thereby having a potential to be an alternative bio-material instead of the autograft to repair the peripheral nerve gap.     

蝶窦显微外科解剖

用成人尸头30个(60侧)及成人干颅骨51个(102侧),结合临床经鼻腔,蝶窦而达垂体的显微外科手术入路,对蝶窦及其周围血管神经关系进行了观察,统计和探讨,提供了国人的应用解剖资料。     

神经节苷脂M_1介导神经生长因子对运动神经元再生的影响

目的　研究神经生长因子 (NGF)、神经节苷脂M1 (GM1 )及NGF和GM1 混合液对桥接面神经的硅胶管腔中面神经管状化移植再生的影响。方法　选择成年大白兔 40只 ,4只作正常对照 ,其余 3 6只随机分为A、B、C三组 ,将其双侧面神经下颊支与腮腺前缘相同平面造成 8mm长缺损 ,用 1 5mm的硅胶管进行桥接 ,然后作以下处理 :A组 ,左侧硅胶管内加入NGF ,右侧加入生理盐水 ;B组 ,左侧加入NGF +GM1 ,右侧加入NGF ;C组 ,左侧加入NGF +GM1 ,右侧加入GM1 。于术后 2 0周进行电生理及组织学观察。结果　A组左右侧神经传导速度差异无显著性 ;B、C两组左右侧间差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。且两组左侧再生神经有髓纤维数目、直径、髓鞘厚度、轴突直径均高于对侧 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ,但A组以上指标均无差异。光镜及电镜观察试验各组均有较明显的神经再生。结论　①NGF能够促进运动神经元再生 ,但这种能力有限 ;②GM1 能够介导NGF促进运动神经元再生 ,表现出良好的生物学效应。     

动态检测数据在转体桥挠曲变形监测中的应用

基于沪杭高铁转体桥的挠曲变形监测数据及上部轨道的动态检测数据,对比分析了转体桥挠曲变形幅值与动态检测长波高低不平顺幅值的关系,结果表明：挠曲变形幅值与长波高低不平顺幅值存在差异,但在主跨中心与边跨中心的变形趋势相同;在主跨中心与边跨中心处,挠曲变形幅值与长波高低不平顺幅值间的相关系数均超过0.97,呈现出高度相关性。根据动态检测长波高低数据,对转体桥主跨中心和两边跨中心处一年内的挠曲变形幅值进行估算,并与实际值对比,平均误差仅为1.7 mm。研究认为利用动态检测长波数据对转体桥挠曲变形进行推算,快速准确,是一种有效的辅助监测手段。     

Threshold signature scheme with threshold verification based on multivariate linear polynomial

Secret sharing schemes are multi-party protocols related to key establishment. They also facilitate distributed trust or shared control for critical activities (e.g., signing corporate cheques and opening bank vaults), by gating the critical action on cooperation from t(t ∈ Z ⁺) of n(n ∈ Z ⁺) users. A (t, n) threshold scheme (t < n) is a method by which a trusted party computes secret shares Γ _i (1 ⩽ i ⩽ n) from an initial secret Γ ₀ and securely distributes Γ _i to user. Any t or more users who pool their shares may easily recover Γ ₀, but any group knowing only t−1 or fewer shares may not. By the ElGamal public key cryptophytes and the Schnorr’s signature scheme, this paper proposes a new (t, n) threshold signature scheme with (k,m) (k,m ∈ Z ⁺) threshold verification based on the multivariate linear polynomial.     

蟾蜍背根电位(DRP)空间常数测定

<正> 各类纤维传入的兴奋进入脊髓,都可以造成初级传入纤维末稍的去极化(PAD)。该PAD在脊髓背表面呈现为DRP。根据不同纤维引起不同的DRP的特点,将A类纤维和C类纤维兴奋时的DRP分别称为A-DRP和C-DRP~4。janig~5研究确认,粗、细神经纤维在脊髓水平有明显的会聚现象。这样以来,在脊髓内部究竟哪一类神经元接受了各类纤维传入的冲动而产生DRP,就不能仅仅根据外周神经干中哪一类纤维兴奋末判断。为解决这一     

Analysis of the cross-wedge rolling process of toothed shafts made from 2618 aluminium alloy

The paper presents the results of a thermo-mechanical analysis of the rolling two stepped shafts. One of the shafts has a toothed step with skew teeth, while the other has a worm winding in the shape of a trapezoidal screw. The shape of the rolling tools resembles that of the tools used in the Roto-Flo rolling method; yet unlike in Roto-Flo, the shafts are hot-rolled and no centres are used to stabilize the position of the workpiece during the forming process. For the calculations made with use of the DEFORM-3D process simulation system it has been assumed that the rolled shafts are made from 2618 aluminium alloy. As a result of the calculations made, it has been found that the toothed stepped shafts can be formed in one pass by means of the cross rolling process. Additionally, the temperature and strain distribution in the rolled product have been determined as well as some data concerning the forces which are necessary for the rolling process have been obtained.     

Zn~(2+)对神经肌接头传递的作用

研究了Zn~(2+)对大鼠离体膈神经膈肌标本和小鸡颈二腹肌标本的作用。实验结果表明,Zn~(2+)对间接刺激神经诱发大鼠膈肌的收缩,诱发小鸡颈二腹肌的收缩均产生浓度依赖性抑制作用。Zn~(2+)不影响膈神经的兴奋和传导,对直接刺激诱发膈肌收缩的抑制作用弱于对间接刺激神经诱发膈肌收缩的抑制。Zn~(2+)不影响小鸡颈二腹肌对Ach的敏感性。说明Zn~(2+)主要作用于突触前膜阻滞神经肌接头的传递。Ca~(2+)、L—半胱氨酸可拮抗Zn~(2+)的阻滞作用。     

非侵入电刺激对家兔牙槽骨缺损愈合的影响

目的　研究非侵入电刺激对家兔牙槽骨缺损愈合的影响并探讨其机理。方法　制成双侧牙槽骨缺损模型后 ,将表面电极置于双侧骨缺损处 ,采用 2 0 μA脉冲直流电进行治疗 ,通过牙片及组织学观察骨缺损处愈合情况。结果　X ray及病理切片显示实验侧骨缺损处骨痂钙化较早 ,对照侧骨缺损处骨痂则钙化较慢 ,双侧差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　非侵入电刺激对家兔牙槽骨缺损愈合有促进作用 ,其作用机理可能与提高细胞活性有关