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核心机场与多核机场群发展模式及其特点研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《综合运输》2018,(1)
我国京津冀、长三角和珠三角三大机场群均为拥有单个核心机场的多层级机场群。核心机场是位于机场群层级结构最高层级的机场,在机场群中业务集中度高、重要性突出、发展优势明显,核心机场的数量影响机场群层级结构和发展格局。通过对机场群层级结构演变趋势的分析,本文提出并探讨了机场群未来发展的一种可能模式,即多核机场群。分析认为,多核机场群与单核机场群相比,在服务能力、服务范围、系统稳定性、安全性、对经济的发展适应性和对区域经济协调发展的推动等方面均具有更好的比较优势,是机场群和城市群发展到成熟阶段的结果。未来这一趋势变化将给机场群发展以及宏观决策带来一定挑战。 相似文献
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环渤海主要机场竞争力评价研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文在对企业竞争力理论分析理解的基础上,结合环渤海地区机场布局特点,采用多目标决策方法对该地区五大主要机场的竞争力进行了分析评价。从经济环境、机场运营、机场建设、地缘因素和政策因素五个方面进行了分析比较,最后对各机场竞争力现状进行了综合分析,从而为该地区机场的整体规划布局、分工协作和制定各机场战略发展目标提供了依据。 相似文献
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改革开放以来,与航空业引进先进的生产工具和建设基础设施方面的投入相比,我国的机场在所有权变革、管理体制及经营理念上与世界水平的差距已成为鲜明的对照。在改革开放的初期,我国民航业依靠增加投入、铺新摊子、追求数量的粗放型的经济增长方式,对于改变民航基础设施落后的状况,保证我国航空运输持续快速增长起到了积极的作用。但随着时间的推移,由于机场布局的不合理和规划的滞后所导致的机场在地区间及地区内分布的不平衡、资源闲置、机场效益低下等问题初见倪端。从总体上看,民航直属机场投资渠道单一、市场意识不强、机制不活、负担… 相似文献
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我国民航支线机场发展战略研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
<正> 我国民航以枢纽机场和干线机场为主的机场布局网络已初步形成,支线机场的建设是今后一个时期发展的重点课题。近年来,国内一些地区支线机场的建设和运营取得了一些成就,但总体来讲,尚处于发展的初级阶段,存在着发展不平衡、投资体制不完善、政策措施 相似文献
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《综合运输》2020,(1)
智能系统的广泛使用,带来了移动支付的普及。公交支付在传统IC卡和现金支付的基础上,加入了云闪付和二维码支付。为探究移动支付对公交支付效率的影响,基于杭州市公交发展现状,制定了公交支付情况的调查方案。通过对所选10、93、97公交线路的早、晚高峰和平峰的三天实地调查,采集视频数据并使用SPSS进行定量统计分析,发现公交乘客刷卡占62%、二维码占27%、云闪付占6%、现金占5%。当乘客提前做好准备时,刷卡支付时间为1.29 s,低于云闪付的1.42 s和二维码的1.65 s,而未准备好时用时分别为6.74 s、10.94 s、8.54 s。通过相关性和多元线性回归分析得出"提前拿卡"、"上车掏卡"、"提前开二维码"和"上车开二维码"四种支付方式对公交停留时间延长的影响最大。 相似文献
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西气东输二线长输管道定向钻穿越府河工程,采用了大口径、长距离、入土端含卵砂石条件下的水平定向钻技术。文中介绍输气管道在府河复杂地质条件下定向钻穿越的设计方法与施工方案,论述定向钻穿越设计、处理卵砂层方法、导向孔钻进、扩孔、回拖、泥浆配置等技术,总结工程设计及施工经验,为大口径长输管道定向钻穿越技术在复杂地层中的应用和发展提供新的实践资料。 相似文献
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盾构机姿态参数的测量及计算方法研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
根据三点决定一个平面的原理,通过在盾构机中体上布置测量控制点,对其三维坐标进行测量;根据空间解析几何原理,推导出盾构机刀盘中心三维坐标以及俯仰角、横摆角、扭转角的计算方法.文章利用计算机的伪随机函数对盾构机姿态参数的测量精度进行了模拟评价,探讨了提高测量精度的方法.结果表明,盾构姿态参数的测量误差均服从正态分析;采用精度为3 mm的激光经纬仪测量控制点坐标,得到的盾构姿态参数的误差范围比规范要求小得多. 相似文献
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Social Impacts of Transport: Literature Review and the State of the Practice of Transport Appraisal in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Abstract Transport appraisals in European countries increasingly address three dimensions of sustainability—economic, ecological and social. However, social impacts of transport have been underexposed in (ex‐ante) transport project appraisal, at least in the Netherlands. Firstly, this article presents a theoretical framework describing the relationships between determinants of social impacts of transport; it also provides a definition and categorization of those impacts. Secondly, the article reviews the state of the practice of national transport project appraisal in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. The article shows that social impacts of transport investments can take on many forms and their levels of importance may vary widely, in project appraisal. The UK transport appraisal guidance includes a spectrum of social impacts through quantitative and qualitative assessments that is broader than the Dutch appraisal guidance. However, it does not cover the full range as identified in the literature. This holds, in particular, for the temporary impacts of transport investments, health impacts, social cohesion, the distribution and accumulation of impacts across population groups and social justice. All in all, it can be concluded that there is a long way to go before social impacts of transport projects are completely included in appraisals, in a way that allows us to compare them to economic and ecological effects. 相似文献
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There is a world-wide consensus that climate change policy has to be intensified to achieve reduction goals set for 2020 and 2050. But it is heavily debated which contribution should be expected from the transport sector. It is often argued that in the transportation sector CO2 marginal mitigation costs are higher such that – together with high growth of transport activities – the reduction targets for this sector should be relaxed. Green transport policy is contrasting this view and underlines that considerable reductions of climate gases in the transport sector are possible without risking economic prosperity. The aviation industry is in the focus of this discussion and first attempts are being made in the European Union to integrate aviation in an emission trading system. It will be shown that the impact of this policy will be very low in the medium term and that additional measures are necessary to create enough incentives for the aviation industry to exploit their reduction potential. 相似文献
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文章以目前地铁建设中常用的土压平衡盾构为背景,介绍了盾构故障诊断及保养系统的总体结构方案、知识库知识的获取建立、推理机的设计及系统的主要工作流程等,旨在通过系统的研制与开发,提高盾构掘进机的施工效率. 相似文献
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Robert E. Paaswell 《Transportation》1973,2(4):351-371
An examination of current population statistics shows that in the U.S. more than half of the population is without immediate access to a car, and in the U.K. more than three-fifths of the population is without access to a car. This phenomenon has been accentuated by national investment in both countries in major highway programs. The term carless refers to more than just households that own no cars. It extends, in households with cars to those without licenses (old and young), the handicapped, and even the licensed drivers who have no access to the family car when it is in use elsewhere (e.g. at work). The most severely effected are those in urban areas and especially the urban poor. Transportation expenses are limited for the poor when other family expenditures (food, shelter) take a high priority. Once the work trip has been satisfied, money for other trips, for the poor, is not always available. One solution to cost-free travel is pedestrianism (walking), but this too is difficult in urban areas where the pedestrian has been overlooked in favor of the car. Solutions to problems of the carless include dial-a-ride, better public transit, and better design of urban form. 相似文献
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