桂林市老城区分流交通保护圈规划设计

文章基于桂林市老城区交通现状，分析了老城区交通存在的主要问题，提出了桂林市老城区分流交通保护圈规划的总体思路，并根据这一思路设计出具体的老城区分流交通保护圈规划方案，为桂林市老城区交通系统规划提供决策依据。     

推动交通运输跨越式发展 冲刺“十一五”规划目标——访桂林市交通运输局局长钟德臣

2010年是“十一五”规划实施的冲刺之年，桂林作为“国家旅游综合改革试验区”，正乘着广西掀起交通建设新高潮的东风，向着“十一五”交通规划目标冲刺。针对2010年桂林市交通运输建设情况，记者专访了桂林市交通运输局局长钟德臣。     

德国生态综合交通发展概况及对我国的启示

本文从交通规划的理念与方法、生态综合交通发展、旅客运输、客货运输枢纽等方面阐述德国生态综合交通的发展情况,为我国综合交通发展提供经验借鉴。     

宁波探索建设生态交通

本文阐述了生态交通的基本内涵特征,分析了宁波建设生态交通存在的问题和原因,提出了宁波建设生态交通的目标和对策建议。     

基于绿色交通理念的生态新区交通 规划与实践研究

绿色交通理念作为全新的理念,建立在智能交通、绿色交通技术基础之上,在提高交通运输有效性、完善绿色交通体系等方面发挥着积极作用.文章从绿色交通理念入手,分析当前国内外绿色交通发展实践现状,最后选择涿州作为研究对象,对绿色交通理念在生态新区交通规划中运用进行深入分析和研究.     

生态旅游区交通规划策略研究

随着生态旅游的持续升温,生态旅游区交通运输系统与旅游产业发展和生态环境保护之间的矛盾愈发突出。如何在不破坏生态环境的前提下,破解束缚旅游发展的交通瓶颈问题,满足游客多样化出行需求,是生态旅游区交通运输发展必须面对的问题。本文在阐释生态旅游区交通发展内涵的基础上,结合长白山保护开发区综合交通运输体系规划实践,分析了生态旅游区交通发展中存在的主要问题,提出了适应生态旅游区交通发展的总体策略,探索出了一条能够全面适应"四个交通"发展要求的生态旅游区交通发展新路,为生态旅游区的综合交通运输体系构建提供实践经验。     

东莞生态园绿色交通规划探讨

绿色交通是当今世界城市交通发展的趋势,本文首先介绍了绿色交通相关概念及特点,以及实现绿色交通的相关途径;然后从实践绿色交通理念的角度,重点探讨了东莞生态园的绿色交通规划;最后,本文总结了绿色交通规划相关经验及展望。     

综合运输与主体功能区互动机理及政策研究

主体功能区规划,在经济功能区通过规模报酬递增实现经济更加集聚和区域的一体化;在社会功能和生态功能区通过公共服务均等化实现区域的协调发展。这要求综合运输发展制定新对策。本文研究了基于主体功能区的综合运输发展问题,指出现阶段交通规划、交通政策、交通设施对主体功能区的针对性存在不足;分析了综合运输与主体功能区的互动机理,提出了基于主体功能区的综合运输政策调整建议,包括交通规划集聚化,交通建设差异化,交通服务一体化,政策目标多元化,政策评价导向化等。     

我国城市群综合交通规划中若干重要问题探讨

本文简要介绍了近年来我国城市与城市群发展的概况,指出目前我国城市群交通规划中普遍存在协调发展机制不健全、规划前期研究不充分的问题。通过对城市群地区运输需求的调研,分析了城市间运输需求的时间与空间分布规律。本文还从规划依据、发展目标、不同方式的功能定位、跨方式衔接、运营规划与补贴以及规划方案的可实施性等角度阐述了城市群交通规划的关键问题,分析了城市群交通规划不同于一般区域或城市交通规划问题的要点,提出了做好我国城市群交通规划的建议。     

可持续理念下绿色交通规划方法研究

交通规划对于经济社会发展具有重要的支撑引导作用。传统交通规划方法强调需求对于规划方案的决定关系,容易导致不同运输方式的自发发展,对综合交通系统顶层引导作用不足。本文在探讨交通需求与交通供给的互动关系的基础上,提出了绿色交通规划方法的一般流程和生态评价方法。     

Assessing communicative rationality as a transportation planning paradigm

Communicative rationality offers a new paradigm for transportation planning. Drawing on the literature and lessons from transportation planning practice, this paper describes the characteristics of a “communicative” form of transportation planning and compares them with conventional practices. A communicative rationality paradigm would place language and discourse at the core of transportation planning. The paper argues that it would lead to greater attention to desired transportation ends (goals), better integration of means and ends, new forms of participation and learning, and enhanced deliberative capacity. The paper explains the implications of this paradigm for the role of the transportation planner, the purpose of planning, the planning process, communicative practices, problem framing, and the nature of planning analysis. The paper concludes with an assessment of communicative rationality's ability to promote more effective transportation planning. It seeks to create a dialogue that will support the investigation of new transportation planning processes. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

A planning methodology for intelligent urban transportation systems

Recent developments in intelligent transportation systems pose new challenges and opportunities for urban transportation planning. To meet these challenges and to exploit these opportunities, a framework for a new transportation planning methodology has been developed. The methodology operates in a computer environment, called PLANiTS (Planning and Analysis Integration for Intelligent Transportation Systems), designed to facilitate the entire planning process form problem identification, through idea generation and analysis, on to prioritization and programming. To assist in problem identification, PLANiTS provides graphic representation of current conditions, including traffic, air pollution, accidents, and projections of future conditions. A computerized knowledge base, containing information about possible strategies and their effects, and a model base, containing transportation and other analysis models, are used to guide the user in identifying potentially effective strategies and performing the appropriate analysis. To facilitate the use of these tools, PLANiTS provides computer support of group processes such as brainstorming, deliberation, and consensus seeking. PLANiTS is designed for use in urban transportation planning at the local, regional, and state levels; it is intended to support a variety of participants in the planning process including transportation professionals, decision makers in transportation agencies (often local elected officials), citizens, and interest groups. Recognizing that transportation planning is essentially a deliberative, political process, PLANiTS is designed to inform and facilitate, but not replace, the political decision-making process.     

Planning for implementation

Although the urban transportation planning process has evolved into the most sophisticated of all urban planning processes, the increasirig difficulty in implementing long-range transportation plans in urban areas today suggests basic questions concerning the process which deserve critical examination.Planning for implementation of urban transportation programs, particularly during periods of rapidly changing human values, requires a continuing re-evaluation of both technical and organizational strategies and their interrelationships.This paper raises some fundamental questions about the traditional activities and relationships that have characterized most urban transportation planning programs in the past. It also suggests a number of strategies, both technical and organizational, that may contribute to the implementation of plans and programs resulting from the transportation planning process.The first portion of this paper discusses the implications of not providing transportation services to match metropolitan growth. The experience of the Washington Metropolitan Area over the past decade is used to illustrate these implications.A discussion of organizational and institutional constraints upon the planning process follows. Then, the implications for the planning process are explored, and the scale of planning is reviewed as well as the need for monitoring the performance and impact of facilities.Next, the paper deals with the need to broaden the range of solutions to transportation problems, including consideration of economic and land development policies to reduce travel demand, as well as the provision of new facilities.Finally, techniques for involving decision-makers in the planning process are discussed. Examples of special project activities in the Washington area are used to illustrate these techniques and their value.     

Synchronized Production and Transportation Planning Using Subcontracted Vehicles in a Production-Distribution Network

Abstract

Effective management of interfaces between procurement, supply, production and distribution for higher efficiency in the supply chain is an important issue in global manufacturing, where the synchronization of production and transportation planning represents important savings in operational costs. This paper focuses on the synchronization of production planning and transportation planning in a production distribution network, where transportation is subcontracted to a professional transportation enterprise (PTE) for vehicle-hiring. Dynamic and flexible numbers of vehicles are used to cater for fast changing market demands. Thus, the number of vehicles to be hired is viewed from the planning point of view as an operational decision considered simultaneously with production and transportation planning. A mathematical model – SPTP/MTDS – for synchronized production and transportation planning under multiple times and direct shipping strategy (MTDS) is discussed, and a Lagrange relaxation decomposition-based two layer decision procedure (LRD-TLDP) is developed. By introducing artificial decision variables and Lagrange multipliers, SPTP/MTDS is decomposed into a production decision sub-problem (SPTP-PD), and a distribution decision sub-problem (SPTP-DD). A priority-based assignment heuristic and a partial chain-based genetic algorithm are developed to solve SPTP-PD and SPTP-DD, respectively. An illustration of the application of the model in an electronic appliance manufacturing enterprise in China is presented.     

汽车客运站场规划布局探析

文章以公铁竞争为切入点,分析了汽车客运站场布局在公铁竞争中的地位和作用,阐述了汽车客运站场建设的规划布局要求,并探讨了搬迁城区汽车站做法的不合理性,提出了城市汽车客运站场的规划布局建议。     

Active transportation and physical activity: opportunities for collaboration on transportation and public health research

Physically inactive lifestyles are a major public health challenge, and research in the transportation field on influences on the choice to walk and bike may provide guidance toward solutions. In the interests of promoting effective collaboration among the transportation, planning, and health fields, the current paper was written to fulfill three purposes. The first purpose was to summarize the transportation and planning studies on the relation between community design and non-motorized (“active”) transport and to interpret these studies from a health perspective. The second purpose was to summarize studies from the health literature that examine the relation between physical environmental variables and leisure-time physical activity that have relevance for transportation research. The third purpose was to promote more collaboration among transportation, planning, and health investigators by identifying opportunities for transdisciplinary research.     

Demand management as an element of transportation policy: using carrots and sticks to influence travel behavior

This paper describes the characteristics of transportation demand management. The origin of transportation demand management (TDM) as it has evolved in the US is related to federal policy initiatives that first focused on improving the efficiency of the urban transportation system through operational improvements, and then incorporated concerns such as air quality and energy conservation into the transportation planning process. The paper then examines the effectiveness of TDM actions, and concludes that those actions most likely to increase the “price” of travel for single occupant vehicle use will be most effective. The paper identifies several strategies for improving the effectiveness of TDM actions in the context of regional transportation planning, including: incorporating TDM as part of the solutions for regional transportation planning, linking TDM to land use decisions, making the costs of travel more apparent to the user, and making TDM implementation more palatable to the general public.     

Incorporating sustainability assessment in transportation planning: an urban transportation vehicle-based approach

Environmental assessments are on the critical path for the development of land, infrastructure and transportation systems. These assessments are based on planning methods which, in turn, are subject to continuous enhancement. The substantial impacts of transportation on environment, society and economy strongly urge the incorporation of sustainability into transportation planning. Two major developments that enhance transportation sustainability are new fuels and vehicle power systems. Traditional planning ignores technology including the large differences among conventional, hybrid and alternative fuel vehicles and buses. The introduction of alternative fuel vehicles is likely to change the traditional transportation planning process because different characteristics need to be taken into account. In this study a sustainability framework is developed that enables assessment of transportation vehicle characteristics. Identified indicators are grouped in five sustainability dimensions (Environment, Technology, Energy, Economy and Users). Our methodology joins life cycle impacts and a set of quantified indicators to assess the sustainability performance of seven popular light-duty vehicles and two types of transit buses. Bus Rapid Transit receives the highest sustainability index and the pickup truck the lowest. Hybrid electric vehicles are found to have the highest sustainability index among all other passenger vehicles. A sensitivity analysis shows the proposed sustainability dimensions produce robust sustainability assessment for several weighting scenarios. The results are both technology and policy sensitive, thus useful for both short- and long-term planning.     

Is accessibility an idea whose time has finally come?

The idea that accessibility is the true goal for transportation planning goes back many decades, starting with notable writings in the 1950s, followed by a flurry of writings in the 1970s. Since then considerable academic work has gone into the development of accessibility measures, but their use in transportation planning is not yet pervasive. In this essay, I reflect on why progress toward the wholesale adoption of an accessibility-oriented approach in planning practice has been slow, review some of the promising efforts in recent years that suggest that transportation planning may be on the cusp of an accessibility era, and offer thoughts about the power of the accessibility concept as a framework for thinking about the urban environment.