基于扭矩控制的AMT换挡控制策略研究

提出在车辆起步和换挡过程中通过CAN动力网络控制发动机的输出扭矩来改善AMT换挡品质的新方法,制定扭矩控制与离合器接合控制策略,并在装有AMT的某重型商用车上进行试验。试验结果表明,换挡过程中通过控制发动机的输出扭矩并与离合器的接合过程相协调,可显著提高AMT的换挡品质。     

P2混动自动变速器的离合器自适应控制

为了解决混合动力系统动力耦合的响应性和舒适性问题，建立混动离合器C0起动发动机过程和并联动力输出模式下的功率流模型。对C0起动发动机的控制过程进行仿真分析，针对C0的起动扭矩和电机的输出扭矩在时间和空间上的匹配问题，提出以换挡离合器的滑摩控制来进行缓冲的策略。为了实现稳定精确的发动机起动控制，消除各自的扭矩控制、液压系统特性的误差，提出C0离合器起动发动机的自适应控制和B1离合器滑摩自适应控制，以换挡离合器滑差和发动机转速的超调量为监控对象，对C0离合器各阶段压力控制参数进行自适应调整，以优化发动机起动过程。研究结果表明：通过换挡离合器的滑摩控制可以很好地解决C0离合器扭矩和电机扭矩的匹配问题，即使在换挡过程中对发动机起动也能保证良好的舒适性，并控制过程时间在1.5 s内；在整车试验过程中，通过对C0压力的自适应调整，发动机转速的超调和起动冲击问题均可以得到有效解决。     

Novel hybrid optimal algorithm development for DC motor of Automated Manual Transmission

A novel hybrid optimal algorithm for DC motor of electro-mechanical Automated Manual Transmission (AMT) is presented. It combines non-linear time optimal controller and optimal Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) consequently used at different shifting stages. The working principle and dynamic characteristics of the AMT system are firstly presented, and the model of the DC motor is analyzed in detail. The non-linear time optimal controller is designed to explore the potential of the motor and minimize the gear shifting time. While the optimal LQR is then adopted at the final shifting stage to avoid overshoot and increase system robustness. Based on the position control algorithm of the actuators, the coordinated shifting control strategy is also proposed. Both simulation and vehicle test results demonstrate that, this control algorithm could decrease the shifting time and improve the shift quality effectively.     

提高AMT车辆换挡品质控制策略与试验研究

提出换挡过程中通过控制发动机上的断油电磁阀来改善AMT换挡品质的新方法,制定断油电磁阀与离合器接合控制策略,并在装有AMT的某重型载货汽车上进行试验。试验结果表明,换挡过程中通过控制断油电磁阀和设置换挡重叠并与离合器的接合过程相协调,可显著提高AMT的换挡品质。     

Control strategy for clutch engagement during mode change of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle

The plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) has various driving modes used in both internal combustion engine and electric motors. The EV mode uses only an electric motor and the HEV mode uses both an engine and an electric motor. Specifically, when the PHEV of a pre-transmission parallel hybrid structure performs mode changing, its engine clutch is either engaged or disengaged, which is important in terms of ride comfort. In this paper, to enhance the mode changing process for the clutch engagement, a PHEV performance simulator is developed using MATLAB/Simulink based on system dynamics and experiment data. Vehicle driving analysis is carried out of the control logic and properties of the mode changing. A compensated torque is applied during the mode change. This results in the rapid speed synchronization with the clutch although the trade-off relationship of the mode change. In addition, the mode changing is conducted through the transmission shifting process to rapidly synchronize with speed. The control strategy implemented in this study is shown to improve the drivability and energy efficiency of a PHEV.     

P2结构混合动力系统协同控制

为了提高混合动力各系统的控制效率和响应性,针对P2结构混合动力系统控制对象的特点和整车的功能需求,提出了P2结构混合动力控制系统的构架和所有有效的工作模式,并从整车运行工况和模式转换效率的角度总结了所有有效的工作模式转换真值矩阵。为了满足各节点单元的协同控制要求,提出了P2混合动力控制系统的协同控制构架,约束了各控制单元的主要功能和接口定义,并对多个控制单元之间的复合控制过程进行描述。分析了2种不同动力源在液压控制的混合动力离合器的耦合过程以及混合动力离合器与换挡离合器控制过程重叠时所带来的动力迟滞,对离合器的压力控制和发动机的启动过程时序进行了优化。在不同的控制阶段定义了关键的控制目标,建立发动机扭矩、电机扭矩、混合动力离合器控制压力三者之间的关联。结果表明：发动机、电机、变速器之间通过HCU的协同控制方法能够高效地完成混动工作模式之间的转换。整车试验验证了各系统的系统控制效果,整个模式转换过程的时间为1.5 s,换挡品质和动力响应性满足驾驶需求。     

AMT车辆爬行工况离合器控制策略与试验

开发了以直流无刷电机驱动的AMT车辆电控操纵系统。根据电机驱动式自动离合器的特点，制定了车辆爬行时离合器的控制策划，并采用PD控制算法实现了离合器的慢接合控制，使车辆的爬行速度可以适应驾驶员的意图、行驶环境以及负载的变化，经试验取得了满意的控制效果。     

纯电动轿车AMT换挡过程协调匹配控制方法

为实现装备机械式自动变速器（AMT）的纯电动轿车能够快速、准确、平稳地换挡,以建立的换挡过程数学模型为基础,详细分析了换挡过程不同阶段换挡冲击产生的机理,提出了摘挡前驱动电机切换至自由模式的转矩控制方法,确定了摘挡后驱动电机调速目标值和执行机构最优运动速度,提出了挂挡完成后驱动电机转矩恢复方法。针对换挡过程驱动电机的协调控制问题,提出了整车控制器控制驱动电机参与换挡过程的综合协调匹配控制方法。为了验证控制策略的正确性,研制开发了纯电动轿车用AMT样机,并进行了样车道路试验。试验结果表明：所制定的控制策略能很好地实现挡位的自动平顺切换,且换挡时间短。     

Method for precise controlling of the at shift control system

The shift comfort and efficiency of Automatic Transmission in vehicle are highly influenced by the pressure of the clutch shift control system, especially by the electro-hydraulic clutch subsystem. In this paper, the new design principles of electro-hydraulic clutch systems developed and modeled in detail, the clutch-to-clutch control system is analyzed in three time intervals: oil filled phase, changing phase of clutch torque and synchronous phase of clutch speed. The demand pressures for the engaged clutches calculated in each phase and is precisely built up by using fuzzy slide mode control, the time of hydraulic pressure building-up is very sensitive to the dither current in simulation. All control parameters are optimized by Cosimulation between software Simulink and SimulationX. Finally, the optimal algorithm of the clutch shift control is written into the transmission control unit of a testing vehicle. The testing results show that the suggested control strategy is effective.     

Observer-based clutch disengagement control during gear shift process of automated manual transmission

A clutch disengagement strategy is proposed for the shift control of automated manual transmissions. The control strategy is based on a drive shaft torque observer. With the estimated drive shaft torque, the clutch can be disengaged as fast as possible without large driveline oscillations, which contributes to the reduction of total shift time and shift shock. The proposed control strategy is tested on a complete powertrain simulation model. It is verified that the system is robust to the variations of driving conditions, such as vehicle mass and road grade. It is also demonstrated that the revised system with switched gain can provide satisfactory performance even under large estimation error of the engine torque.     

自动换档过程中的动态闭环控制

在自动换档过程中，变速器传动比的突然改变往往伴随换档冲击。为此，本文研究用调节发动机油门开度弥补牵引力波动，用动态闭环控制减少换档过程中同步齿轮的转速差和接合离合器时的主从动片的转速差等，从而提高了汽车的起步，换档品质，实现了发动机，离合器与变速器三者的最佳配合。     

汽车起步过程离合器传递转矩精确计算分析

在分析汽车起步时电控机械式自动变速器的离合器转矩传递过程的基础上,建立了汽车起步时离合器传递转矩、滑磨功和压盘表面温升的精确计算模型;推导出以离合器主、从动盘相对转速和离合器片表面温度为主要影响因素的离合器片摩擦因数的公式;以某一轿车为实例,对其起步时离合器转矩传递特性进行仿真计算。     

AMT车辆变速系统及控制过程的研究

介绍了AMT的工作原理、系统组成及AMT车辆发动机的电控调节方式。针对评价换挡品质的3项指标、影响换挡品质的因素及存在的问题，分析了AMT车辆换挡过程中对发动机、离合器、变速器的综合控制及对换挡品质的影响，为进一步提高AMT换挡品质提供参考。     

重型车AMT液控气助力离合器自动控制系统的设计与开发

在对传统重型车离合器驱动机构改造的基础上,设计了一种新型的液控气助力离合器自动控制系统;分析了系统的结构和工作原理,建立了系统仿真模型和控制算法,并对离合器接合过程的控制性能进行了分析和仿真检验;在开发的AMT重型载重汽车上进行了实车离合器系统控制性能试验。结果表明:所设计的液控气助力离合器自动控制系统能有效地实现离合器接合位置和速度的控制,具有超调量小、响应速度快等优点,能够满足AMT系统离合器控制的需要。     

并联式混合动力汽车模式切换控制策略研究

并联式混合动力汽车模式切换时离合器会介入传动系统，容易引起较明显的冲击感，是影响整车驾驶舒适性的主要因素。为此，提出了基于离合器双模糊和电机转矩协调的模式切换控制策略。首先建立混合动力汽车模式切换过程的动力学模型，以减小离合器滑磨功为目标，对模式切换时的离合器接合过程进行划分；其次，结合混合动力汽车模式切换的基本要求和驾驶意图，制定离合器双模糊控制策略，分别对滑摩阶段的接合时长和转矩同步阶段的压力变化率进行控制；然后以离合器滑磨功和整车冲击度为优化目标，采用二次型最优控制算法对滑摩阶段的接合压力进行优化，从而获取模式切换过程中离合器的最优接合压力轨迹；在此基础上，通过实时计算离合器传递转矩，根据电机转矩响应快的特点，制定电机转矩协调控制策略；最后，基于某混合动力试验样车，在底盘测功机上分别进行缓加速、中等加速和急加速下的模式切换试验，对所提出的控制策略进行验证。试验结果表明：该策略能较好地反映驾驶人驾驶意图，保证离合器的使用寿命，所产生的整车冲击度均处于合理范围之内，改善了整车模式切换过程中的驾驶舒适性。     

Analysis of the shifting behavior of a novel clutchless geared smart transmission

Conventional geared transmissions use some kinds of clutches to control the power flow from an internal combustion engine to the driveline while shifting gears. However, the shifting performance is seriously affected by the clutch engagement and an unavoidable drop in the torque may occur when the clutch is disconnected. Moreover, wear of the clutch, the need for hydraulic equipment, and the load limit may together aggravate the limits of the clutch system. For this reason, as a novel transmission without a clutch, the clutchless geared smart transmission (henceforth CGST) is proposed by our research team. The CGST controls the power flow in a multiple-input gear-train by controlling the electric motor attached to the planetary gear system. However, no CGST has been realized in an actual vehicle thus far, and the performance has been predicted only theoretically. In this research, we analyzed the achievable performance based on a developed CGST dynamic model with a typical CGST structure. In addition, a CGST gear-shifting algorithm is proposed for use with the dynamic model. From the simulation results, the CGST does not show an abrupt drop in its torque or oscillation while shifting gears due to the absence of a discontinuous power flow. The developed dynamic model can serve as a performance reference for the CGST. Moreover, it can be used as a simulation tool for developing a gear-shifting control logic scheme.     

Development of a model of the dual clutch transmission in autonomie and validation with dynamometer test data

Owing to ever more stringent regulations and customers’ expectations, auto manufacturers have been considering numerous technology options to improve vehicle fuel economy. One of these is transmission technology, which has been shown to be one of the most cost-effective technologies. Over the past few years, transmissions have significantly evolved and have impacted both performance and fuel efficiency. As one of the advanced tranmissions, the dual clutch transmission (DCT) is the first automatic transmission to provide better efficiency than manual transmissions. DCTs provide reduced shift shocks and better driver comfort in addition to higher top speeds and torques. In this paper, a model and shifting controller for the DCT are developed in the vehicle systems context using Autonomie, a model-based vehicle simulation tool. Finally, the Autonomie DCT model and control strategy are validated using vehicle test data from Argonne’s Advanced Powertrain Research Facility.     

越野汽车AMT起步与换挡过程试验研究

根据越野汽车特点及行驶工况,建立了装备电控机械自动变速器的越野汽车起步与换挡控制系统数学模型,对其工作过程进行了分析。在空载与满载工况,按照不同油门和不同离合器结合速度进行了试验。为了满足平顺性,建立了以冲击度为约束条件的起步与换挡控制规律,并对试验结果进行了分析。试验结果表明,以动态三参数对换挡过程进行控制可改善起步及换挡品质,满足平顺性要求。     

在变速器上安装发动机减速装置的研究

电控机械式自动变速器是一种目前主流的商用车自动变速器,已成为各失主机厂和独立变速器厂的研究重点。而在换挡过程中对发动机进行减速控制又是其中一项关键技术。文章首先介绍了发动机减速常采用的方法,提出了在变速器上安装发动机减速装置的2种方法。通过分析,选用电磁离合器作为减速装置的核心部件,提出了一种适用于重型车AMT的发动机减速器方案。     

轻度混合动力节能离合器控制策略研究及仿真分析

在传统ISG型混合动力系统的发动机和电机之间增加一个自动离合器,将其定义为节能离合器。针对该ISG型混合动力系统中节能离合器接合问题,进行了节能离合器控制策略研究,并对离合器接合过程进行了动力学分析,建立了离合器控制仿真模型。分析了离合器接合量和接合速度随离合器主、从动盘转速变化的关系。