轮胎非稳态侧偏特性的建模

分析了轮胎侧偏特性的建模机理，从胎面的印迹侧向变形和胎体的侧向平移变形出发，计算出运动状态下轮胎印迹瞬时变形的数学表达式，建立了考虑胎面弹性的轮胎非稳态侧偏特性模型。最后，将该理论模型与试验结果进行了对比。     

轮胎滚动速度效应对轮胎侧偏动特性的影响

在利用试验模态参数建立轮胎侧偏非稳态模型基础上，本文重点分析了轮胎滚动速度效应对侧偏动特性的影响。解析模型计算结构的变化趋势和文献的试验研究结果一致。表明计入轮胎滚动所带来的速度对侧偏动特性的影响是不可忽略的，它会对不同速度下行驶汽车的操稳性及横向振动产生影响。滚动速度效应对轮胎侧偏特性影响的成功建械表明了利用模态参数对轮胎建模的优越性。     

利用模态参数对轮胎纯侧偏特性建模

在轮胎静生趣特怀建模的基础上，探讨了利用轮胎模态参数对轮胎纯侧偏特性的建模。通过侧向激振试验提取了轮胎的侧向模态参数并计算了轮胎在不同载荷下的偏离特性，计算结果与以往轮胎的试验结果具有很好的一致性。计算结果转化为无量纲形式并与经验模型进行了比较，建模和计算结果充分说明了模型的合理并显示了建模方法的优越性。     

考虑胎宽时的轮胎非稳态侧偏特性模型

计算出运动状态下轮胎印迹纵向瞬时变开的数学表达式。在考虑胎宽影响的条件下，建立了车轮输入分别为转动角与侧向位移、侧偏角与转含蓄经时的轮胎非稳态侧偏模型（传递函数）。根据该模型计算出的频率响应特性与试验结果相符，为汽车方向操纵运动仿真，前轮摆振和汽车动态响应等研究提供了反映物理实质的轮胎非稳态侧偏理论模型。     

非稳态条件下轮胎结构参数对侧向力与回正力矩的影响

通过非稳态条件下小幅运动（即假设印迹内无滑移发生）时的轮胎侧偏特性在空间域内的仿真，分析了轮胎结构对侧向力与回正力矩的影响，并介绍了非稳态条件下轮胎侧偏特性的仿真表达式及纯转向运动时的仿真数值算法。     

动态载荷下轮胎侧偏特性的理论及试验研究

提出了在动载和时变印迹长度下轮胎的接触历程概念,导出了计算动载时轮胎接地印迹内各点接触历程的入迹方程,阐明轮胎动载侧偏力学特性建模机理,克服了动载侧偏特性理论建模的一个基本障碍,建立了考虑胎体平移弹性小幅动载时的理论模型,并提出了轮胎动载侧偏特性的半经验模型,进行了相应的试验研究,给出了试验结果与模型计算结果的比较。     

轮胎滚动速度对车辆侧偏特性的影响

考虑滚动速度对印迹内压力分布及轮胎与路面间摩擦系数的影响,建立了考虑胎体复杂变形的轮胎稳态侧偏理论模型.仿真分析了滚动速度对轮胎侧偏侧向力及回正力矩特性的影响,并对轮胎高,低速特性的差异给出了解释.指出,建立具有合理速度预测能力半经验模型时,应考虑对滚动速度的影响.     

利用试验模态参数对轮胎包容特性的建模及试验验证

利用试验模态参数建立轮胎模型,计算了轮胎的静包容特性,计算结果与文献中所揭示的包容现象及变化规律有很好的定性一致。在此基础上对轮胎包容特性的建模进行了定量分析,包括模态阶数的截取和胎侧非线性的刚度。将计算结果与平板式轮胎试验台上进行的试验结果相比较,表明记入以上两方面考虑的因素下,计算结果与试验结果在各方面均很好吻合。定量分析的结果表明,不考虑胎侧非线性时,对轮胎垂直刚度的计算结果会远远高于试验结果。     

轮胎胎面特性对侧偏模型预测精度影响分析

胎面花纹是影响轮胎性能的重要因素。文中以模态参数模型的稳态侧偏模型为基础，从理论推导和实际计算两方面说明胎而花纹刚度的重要性，其对侧偏模型计算结果的影响要大大高于对垂直模型的影响。因此，在确定轮胎解析模型中胎面花纹参数时应首先考虑其对侧偏模型的影响。     

轮胎在水平路面上的自由滚动接触分析

利用轮胎的模态参数直接对轮胎在水平路面上的滚动建立了便于解析计算的仿真模型。该模型可模拟轮胎稳态的滚动过程并可计算出不小同工况下的滚动特性、有效滚动半径、载荷与下沉量的关系以及印迹内变形和分布力。计算结果揭示了以往模型难以描述的微观现象,与以往文献的试验研究结果定性一致,充分显示了模型的合理性。     

Establishment of Model for Tire Steady State Cornering Properties using Experimental Modal Parameters

Modeling of tire cornering properties using experimental modal parameters is studied. With tire lateral experimental modal parameters, the distribution of side force and lateral deformation under total adhesive and sliding conditions are obtained. Side force, self-aligning, cornering stiffness and relaxation length under different loads and friction coefficients are also calculated. The calculated results are in correspondence to experimental results in the references qualitatively. The non-dimensional side force obtained from the calculated results is compared with the Fiala model, its modified expression by experiments and also the widely used empirical Magic Formula model. The calculated results tally well with the fitted results obtained using Magic Formula model. It can be seen that the tire steady state cornering model using experimental modal parameters proposed in this paper is better for an in-depth study of tire natural characteristics, and the labored experimental work can be avoided.     

Establishment of Model for Tire Steady State Cornering Properties using Experimental Modal Parameters

Modeling of tire cornering properties using experimental modal parameters is studied. With tire lateral experimental modal parameters, the distribution of side force and lateral deformation under total adhesive and sliding conditions are obtained. Side force, self-aligning, cornering stiffness and relaxation length under different loads and friction coefficients are also calculated. The calculated results are in correspondence to experimental results in the references qualitatively. The non-dimensional side force obtained from the calculated results is compared with the Fiala model, its modified expression by experiments and also the widely used empirical Magic Formula model. The calculated results tally well with the fitted results obtained using Magic Formula model. It can be seen that the tire steady state cornering model using experimental modal parameters proposed in this paper is better for an in-depth study of tire natural characteristics, and the labored experimental work can be avoided.     

Study on Tire Dynamic Cornering Properties Using Experimental Modal Parameters

Based on the modeling of tire vertical characteristics and steady cornering properties, the model of tire nonsteady cornering is established in this paper using tire modal parameters extracted experimentally. In order to consider the influence of tire rolling effect on its cornering properties, the induced transfer function is introduced. The analytical formulae for calculation of transfer-function of lateral force and self-aligning torque with respect to lateral displacement and yaw angle are derived. The nonsteady cornering characteristics of tire under different loads can be calculated. The results of calculation are consistent with the experimental ones in the literature. The influence of rolling speed on tire cornering properties including the static case is analyzed. The nonsteady cornering properties in high frequency range are given by the model. The study demonstrates the consistency between steady and nonsteady tire modeling by using modal parameters.     

Study on Tire Dynamic Cornering Properties Using Experimental Modal Parameters

Based on the modeling of tire vertical characteristics and steady cornering properties, the model of tire nonsteady cornering is established in this paper using tire modal parameters extracted experimentally. In order to consider the influence of tire rolling effect on its cornering properties, the induced transfer function is introduced. The analytical formulae for calculation of transfer-function of lateral force and self-aligning torque with respect to lateral displacement and yaw angle are derived. The nonsteady cornering characteristics of tire under different loads can be calculated. The results of calculation are consistent with the experimental ones in the literature. The influence of rolling speed on tire cornering properties including the static case is analyzed. The nonsteady cornering properties in high frequency range are given by the model. The study demonstrates the consistency between steady and nonsteady tire modeling by using modal parameters.     

Two-Dimensional Contact Area of a Pneumatic Tire Subjected to a Lateral Force

A mathematical model of a two-dimensional contact patch of pneumatic tires rolling over a rigid flat road surface at arbitrary slip and camber angles has been developed. The model is simple in concept, contains few parameters and is applicable to any tire simulation models. In addition to tire geometric parameters and vertical deflection, the carcass camber angle is introduced in the model. This angle is alone responsible for the asymmetric shape of the tire contact patch when the tire undergoes a lateral force. The computed contact patches agree well with the measured patches of an automotive tire at different slip and camber angles. Lastly, the influence of the contact patch geometry on the tire cornering and aligning properties has been discussed through a computational example. It has been shown that the effect of tire contact patch geometry on the steady state behavior is rather remarkable.     

考虑胎体复杂变形的轮胎非稳态转向特性半经验模型

本文在考虑胎体复杂变形的轮胎非稳态侧偏特性理论模型的基础上，提出了一种半经验模型。经过试验验证，在与汽车平面运动有关的低频范围内，其理论值与试验值吻合较好。与已有产半经验模型相比，该模型精度较高，可直接反映轮胎模型参数和结构参数间的关系，便于在车辆动力学仿真与轮胎特性改进中应用。     

轮胎非稳态侧偏特性在空间域内的仿真研究

本文根据胎体复杂变形的轮胎非稳态侧偏特性理论模型在空间域内的表达式,推导出侧向力和回正力矩关于转动角与侧向位移的积分表达式,将其离散化并实现了非稳态侧偏特性在空间域内的仿真,最后给出了轮胎在几种典型输入时的仿真结果。