共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 797 毫秒
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为探明铁路桥上全封闭声屏障的降噪性,选取铁路桥上不同车速的混凝土全封闭声屏障、金属全封闭声屏障和单侧直立式声屏障测试断面,开展声屏障内外声场的噪声测试,建立全封闭声屏障统计能量分析模型,结合实测结果验证数值模型的适用性,最后对比分析声屏障不同结构形式、隔声板材料和传声损失、车速对声屏障降噪量的影响,探讨声屏障数值模型中的传声损失、模态密度参数对外声场的影响。研究结果表明:在测试车速下,声屏障内部噪声显示出轮轨噪声频谱特性,空间分布符合线声源的衰减特性;采用所建立的全封闭声屏障统计能量分析模型来预测声屏障外部噪声的A声级与实测结果具有良好的一致性;与直立式声屏障相比,全封闭声屏障的插入损失高9 dB(A)以上,并随列车速度的增大而增大,全封闭声屏障对高频噪声成分的降噪效果更优;提高声屏障隔声板的传声损失导致外声场噪声的衰减量,略大于同幅度降低传声损失导致的噪声增加量;声屏障统计能量分析模型中隔声板的模态密度对声屏障降噪性能的影响比内声腔的模态密度敏感。 相似文献
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消音器安装于机车发动机的排气尾管上,用于吸收发动机运行排出的气流,气流经过多孔消音管,噪声衰减后排入大气。目前,发动机在不同转速下会产生不同的排气流量和排气背压,摩托车消音器整体常采用焊接或铆接结构,其排气流量不能根据发动机的排气流量进行调节,即消音器与发动机的排气流量匹配度低,易造成发动机排气不畅和排气背压升高,从而降低发动机的输出功率和转矩,抑制发动机热效率转换,增加油耗。另外,发动机排气不畅,影响消音器吸收发动机运行排出的气流及相应的噪声,从而发动机噪声大,形成噪声污染。 相似文献
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采用GT-Power软件对8种方案下的排气系统声学性能进行分析并与原结构进行对比,在此基础上对消声器内部结构进行优化设计。仿真和试验测试结果都表明,通过优化消声器内部结构能有效降低排气背压,降低整车油耗,并能改善排气尾管口噪声和整车通过噪声,提升整车NVH性能。 相似文献
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针对某乘用车消声器在发动机转速1 500~3 000 r/min范围内尾管噪声偏大的问题,应用GT-Power软件建立发动机及排气系统模型,并对该模型进行了试验验证。应用DoE方法找到了对消声器性能影响较大的参数,建立了消声器性能综合评价体系。依据运行工况及指标的重要程度为各转速下的评价指标设计了相应的权重,通过多目标优化计算得到了最优化的消声器结构参数。优化后消声器的模拟计算结果表明,在发动机转速1 500~3 000 r/min范围内,尾管总噪声和2阶噪声有较大程度上的降低。 相似文献
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The acoustic design of exhaust mufflers has mainly focused on reducing the discharge noise from the tailpipe. However, the
noise that is transmitted through the muffler jacket and the endplate becomes important since the muffler reduces the amount
of discharge noise when it has an optimized design. It is known that the contribution to the overall exhaust noise of the
muffler shell is significant in the mid- and high-frequency ranges. The current problem is that there are no appropriate computational
tools at high frequencies. A simple method to analyze the 1/3-octave band of sound radiating from an arbitrary shape (like
a muffler) was employed to predict the band spectrum of the radiated noise. The calculation method included formulating the
boundary integral, which was modified into a quadratic form in order to enable the prediction of the intensity levels in a
band analysis. Monopole and dipole source terms in the conventional BEM were transformed into the auto- and cross-spectra
of the two vibrating sources, in which the cross-spectra could be eventually omitted by assuming that the correlation coefficients
were negligible. The method was adopted in an abrupt calculation of the shell noise in 1/3-octave band levels without nonuniqueness
problem. In comparison with the measured data, the simulation result showed roughly 3-dB errors at most of the field points,
excluding several special points that were normal to the shell and exhibited a maximum 5-dB error. 相似文献
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随着机动车辆尤其是重型商用车辆的增加,车辆废气、噪声等问题已成为影响人们日常生活的严重问题,而目前的排气系统存在不能有效的降低发动机排气噪声,同时排气阻力大,发动机功率损失较大,增加了耗油量。本文通过对某商用车型排气系统进行数值模拟,计算得到了其内部压力、速度、温度等参数的分布情况。根据分析结果,对消声器的内部结构进行了优化。改进后,内部流场的压力分布均匀,腔中大的湍流明显减少,避免二次噪音的出现,温度在两腔中变化明显,出口温度有所降低,消声器总体性能得到改善。 相似文献
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J. -G. Ih C. -Y. Choi T. -K. Kim S. -H. Jang H. -J. Kim 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2011,12(4):617-630
At the idle engine speed, the exhaust discharge noise is influenced by resonances in the whole system, which is composed of
connecting pipes and silencers. This pipe resonance radiates a high level of low frequency discharge noise, which is dominated
by the low order harmonics of the engine firing frequency. This low frequency noise deteriorates the vehicle’s interior noise
level and quality. The following study attempted to optimize the layout of an exhaust system to minimize low frequency noise
by changing the position of silencers and the lengths of inlet and outlet pipes in each silencer. After modeling the exhaust
system using four-pole parameters, the acoustical performance of the system was evaluated using the system insertion loss.
In the optimization, the virtual attenuation coefficient, which corresponds to the amount of attenuation coefficient required
for the silencers, was calculated to find a minimum value for the layout. The simulated annealing method, which is also known
as finding an optimal, was employed in searching for the optimized exhaust layout. Test examples of two cases, for two and
six design variables, were used. When the number of design variables was two, the positions of the center and rear silencers
were considered. When the number of design variables was six, the positions of the two silencers and the lengths of the inlet
and outlet pipes were considered. Three typical layouts for the exhaust system of each case were designed, including the given
system and an optimal system. By comparing the predicted and measured discharge noise level, it was confirmed that the optimized
exhaust layout has a higher noise reduction than the other layout designs. 相似文献