带电涡流缓速车桥的铰接车辆制动稳定性研究

为解决铰接车辆主制动系统的制动力不足和制动稳定性差的问题,将液冷式电涡流缓速器与车桥融合设计,构建了一种电涡流缓速车桥,以避免重载挂车的制动出现"冲撞"和"折叠"现象。对电涡流缓速车桥进行了台架试验,对比分析了空载和满载时安装于牵引车和挂车上的缓速器的制动稳定性。结果表明:车辆在空载,尤其是满载时,安装在挂车上的电涡流缓速车桥比安装在牵引车上的缓速器更能使车辆有良好的制动稳定性和安全性。     

中大客车电涡流缓速器的使用与维修（一）

电涡流缓速器，目前主要应用于各种大型客车、城市公交车辆及重型货车上。电涡流缓速器安装在车辆的主传动系统中，通过电磁感应原理实现无接触制动。安装电涡流缓速器可以提高车辆的安全性和舒适性，延长车辆制动系统的使用寿命，从而大幅度地降低车辆的使用成本。     

能量回收式电涡流缓速器制动策略研究

文章结合电涡流缓速器和再生制动能量回收技术的优点,提出了能量回收式电涡流缓速器制动补偿策略。利用再生制动系统提供的制动力矩为电涡流缓速器在持续制动过程中的制动力矩热衰退予以补偿。以GB12676-2014政策法规为验证标准,车辆在满载情况下在7%的坡道上保持以30km/h的车速匀速行驶5km为仿真目标,对某商用车型进行仿真分析。验证了该策略使得实际产生的总制动力矩始终能满足驾驶员的制动需求,可以延缓电涡流缓速器温升,保障车辆行车安全。     

电涡流缓速器:结构·原理·使用·维护

电涡流缓速器是一种车辆辅助制动系统,安装于车辆传动系统中,用于车辆辅助制动.使用电涡流缓速器,可显著提高车辆运营的安全性和舒适性,降低车辆制动系统及轮胎的维护成本,减轻车辆制动时的噪声及粉尘污染.     

电涡流缓速器的结构原理与使用检修

电涡流缓速器作为车辆安全制动的辅助系统，能缓解制动蹄片磨损、发热，增强制动效能，减少制动距离，提高车辆行驶的安全性和经济性，特别适用于城市客车和货车。然而，由于对车辆操作使用维修不当，造成缓速器早期损坏、失效，起不到增强制动效果。l电涡流缓速器的工作原理电     

电涡流缓速器在油水罐车上的应用

为解决油区非等级道路行驶安全的需要,在油水罐车上加装了电涡流缓速器。分析了油水罐车加装电涡流缓速器的可行性,并进行了电涡流缓速器和车辆的匹配计算,最后对使用效果进行了对比分析。分析结果显示,电涡流缓速器制动效果、经济性均较优,是山区重载车辆较为优异的辅助制动装置。     

城市公交车辆电涡流缓速器的选配应用与维护

正电涡流缓速器是一种完全独立于车轮制动器的车辆缓速装置,它采用驱动车轮共控式,能缓和传统制动左右轮制动差的问题,车辆能获得更好的转向操作性,还能有效避免热衰退和高温爆胎现象,能分担车辆制动器的工作量。随着电涡流缓速器技术成熟和市场的发展,产品质量趋于稳定且性价比更好。电涡流缓速器系统成为城市公交车辆提高车辆制动性能以及制动经济性的选装功能系统之一。     

特尔佳缓速器故障排除2例

当代大型车辆的行驶速度在不断提升，对制动系统性能的要求越来越高，因而制动辅助装置——缓速器应运而生。在缓速器的使用方面，电涡流缓速器又当首选。作为汽车制动辅助系统，电涡流缓速器可使车辆得到平稳、可靠的制动、减速效果，但在维修方面却有许多问题需要努力突破。下面就通过2例特尔佳缓速器维修案例，分析缓速器的检查、维修方法，以期对缓速器的故障诊断与排除有进一步的认识。     

万安集团有限公司产品简介

1电涡流缓速器 装配电涡流缓速器是为了改善车辆制动性能以代替行车制动系统频繁的制动。在行车制动系统起作用之前，消耗车辆行驶动能，从而使制动系的磨损降至最低。最大限度地稳定车速、缩短制动矩离，提高车辆行驶的平稳性、舒适性及安全性，尤其适用于各种客车及中、重型载货车和专用车辆等。     

电涡流缓速器的维护保养

缓速器作为车辆的辅助制动系统部件,又称第三制动系统,它通过作用于传动系统而减轻原车制动系统的负荷,使车辆均匀减速,以提高车辆制动系统的可靠性,延长制动系统的使用寿命,并能由此而大幅度降低车辆使用成本。缓速器的维护和保养必须定期进行,是保证缓速器良好运行的关键,是保证缓速器安全和良好运行的必要条件。文章以Telma电涡流缓速器为例进行介绍。     

Active roll control for rollover prevention of heavy articulated vehicles with multiple-rollover-index minimisation

This paper presents the application of a nominal control design algorithm for rollover prevention of heavy articulated vehicles with active anti-roll-bar control. This proposed methodology is based on an extension of linear quadratic regulator control for ‘state derivative-induced (control coupled) output regulation’ problems. For heavy articulated vehicles with multiple axles, a performance index with multiple rollover indices is proposed. The proposed methodology allows us to compare the usefulness of various control configurations (i.e. actuators at different axles of the vehicle) based on the interaction of this control configuration with vehicle dynamics. Application of this methodology to a specific heavy articulated vehicle with a tractor semi-trailer shows that a single active anti-roll-bar system at the trailer unit gives better performance than multiple-axle actuators at tractor and trailer together with the single lane change manoeuvre as the external disturbance. Thus, the proposed methodology of this paper not only highlights the importance of the interactions between control and vehicle dynamics in rollover prevention problems but, in fact, proposes a novel technique to exploit the benefits of these interactions judiciously.     

Front-Rear Interaction of a Pitch-Plane Truck Model

Results from a previously reported experimental study on heavy articulated vehicles show that the choice of tractor unit strongly affects the dynamic tyre forces generated by the trailer axles, but the choice of trailer unit does not strongly affect the tyre forces generated by the tractor axles. These results have implications for assessing the road-friendliness of tractor and trailer units. The objectives of the work described in this paper are to understand the dynamic interaction between the tractor and trailer unit, and to identify the conditions for which strong interaction exists. A mathematical model with two degrees of freedom is used to simulate the pitch-plane dynamics of an articulated vehicle. Three idealized vehicles are investigated and three conditions for strong dynamic interaction are identified. It is thought that these conditions are likely to exist in a large proportion of heavy trucks.     

High-speed optimal steering of a tractor–semitrailer

A high-speed optimal trailer steering controller for a tractor–semitrailer is discussed. A linear model of a tractor–semitrailer with steered trailer axles is described, and an optimal trailer steering controller is introduced. A path-following controller is derived to minimise the path-tracking error in steady-state manoeuvres using active trailer steering. A roll stability controller is introduced by adding the lateral acceleration of trailer centre of gravity as another objective in the steering controller, so as to improve roll stability in transient manoeuvres. A strategy to switch between these two control modes is demonstrated. Simulation results show that the steering controller can ensure good path tracking of articulated vehicles in steady-state manoeuvres and improve roll stability significantly in transient manoeuvres, while maintaining the path-tracking deviation within an acceptable range. Tests with an experimental tractor–semitrailer equipped with a high-bandwidth active steering system validate the controller design and simulation results. The roll stability controller reduces the measured rearward amplification by 27%.     

A Theoretical Analysis of the Ride Vibration of Agricultural Tractor and Trailer Combinations

A six degree of freedom model of an agricultural tractor and trailer combination has been developed. Results from eigenvalue and frequency response calculations indicated that tractor operator vibration levels will be higher when operating with a trailer than for the tractor alone, due mainly to increased tractor pitch motion.

Although minor improvements could be made to present tractor and trailer combinations by moving the hitch forward of the tractor rear axle or providing some damping at a sprung hitch, the scope for a significant improvement in ride lies in changing the configuration. If higher speed specialised transport vehicles prove economical for agriculture, there are some advantages in ride vibration to be gained by changing the layout of the tractor and trailer combination to resemble an off-road version of a commercial articulated lorry.     

全挂汽车列车制动防抱死系统的协调控制

以某型全挂汽车列车为研究对象,分别安装牵引车及挂车两套制动防抱死系统,并建立相关协调模块使两套系统协调工作。运用Matlab/Simulink软件对未安装及安装ABS系统的全挂汽车列车在高附着系数路面上进行直线制动仿真。分析对比仿真结果,证明协调模块使得两套ABS系统顺利工作,挂车与牵引车制动强度相协调,显著提高了列车制动稳定性。     

A Theoretical Analysis of the Ride Vibration of Agricultural Tractor and Trailer Combinations

SUMMARY

A six degree of freedom model of an agricultural tractor and trailer combination has been developed. Results from eigenvalue and frequency response calculations indicated that tractor operator vibration levels will be higher when operating with a trailer than for the tractor alone, due mainly to increased tractor pitch motion.

Although minor improvements could be made to present tractor and trailer combinations by moving the hitch forward of the tractor rear axle or providing some damping at a sprung hitch, the scope for a significant improvement in ride lies in changing the configuration. If higher speed specialised transport vehicles prove economical for agriculture, there are some advantages in ride vibration to be gained by changing the layout of the tractor and trailer combination to resemble an off-road version of a commercial articulated lorry.     

牵引车制动系统挂车回路控制形式浅析

本文通过对比两种国内常用的牵引车制动系统挂车回路的控制原理、控制手柄旋转角度对挂车控制阀输出压力的影响等方面,分析两种控制方式的各自特点,也为今后牵引列车的制动系统设计提供分析模型。     

Frequency Response Analysis of Canadian Logging Trucks

SUMMARY

This paper examines the frequency responses often logging truck configurations currently operating in the interior of British Columbia in Canada. The work is an extension of a previous study conducted at the National Research Council (NRC) in 1990. The previous study presented an extensive analysts of the directional responses and frequency responses of four Canadian log-hauling truck configurations; a tractor/pole trailer, a tractor/triaxle trailer, a tractor/quadaxle trailer (with a single load), and a tractor/single-axle-jeep/pole trailer. In the current study, the frequency responses of these four configurations are compared with those of six more log-hauling truck configurations; a tractor/ tandem-axle-jeep/pole trailer, a doglogger, a double doglogger, a tractor/quadaxle trailer (with a dual load), a tractor/jeep/triaxle trailer, and a tractor/jeep/quadaxle trailer. The current study makes use of three models developed by NRC in the previous study, and a new model developed at NRC in cooperation with the University of Victoria.

The frequency response method has been applied in this study to predict the lateral acceleration at the centre of gravity of each articulated vehicle unit, and the rearward amplification ratio. The logging truck simulation results have been compared with corresponding results, obtained using UMTRI's simplified models, for three conventional highway vehicles; a tractor/semitrailer, a B-train, and an A-train. The comparison provides a useful indication of the differences between the behaviours of logging trucks and conventional highway trucks in their shared environment.     

电涡流缓速器性能特性评价方法

为了掌握车用电涡流缓速器的性能特性,研究了电涡流缓速器性能特性的综合评价方法。在介绍电涡流缓速器结构、工作原理的基础上,分析了车用电涡流缓速器性能特性与使用要求,提出了以缓速器的平均制动力矩、抗热衰退性系数、制动效能、单位质量制动效能、价格作为车用电涡流缓速器性能的评价指标,并且运用价值分析的方法对车用缓速器的性能特性进行了加权综合评价。从所举实例看,加权综合评价方法对比较各种电涡流缓速器性能的优劣,有着直观的可比性,得出的结果正确、可信。