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Liang Li Xujian Li Xiangyu Wang Jian Song Xu Ran 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2016,54(2):231-257
Regenerative braking is an important technology in improving fuel economy of an electric vehicle (EV). However, additional motor braking will change the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle, leading to braking instability, especially when the anti-lock braking system (ABS) is triggered. In this paper, a novel semi-brake-by-wire system, without the use of a pedal simulator and fail-safe device, is proposed. In order to compensate for the hysteretic characteristics of the designed brake system while ensure braking reliability and fuel economy when the ABS is triggered, a novel switching compensation control strategy using sliding mode control is brought forward. The proposed strategy converts the complex coupling braking process into independent control of hydraulic braking and regenerative braking, through which a balance between braking performance, braking reliability, braking safety and fuel economy is achieved. Simulation results show that the proposed strategy is effective and adaptable in different road conditions while the large wheel slip rate is triggered during a regenerative braking course. The research provides a new possibility of low-cost equipment and better control performance for the regenerative braking in the EV and the hybrid EV. 相似文献
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Improvement of drivability and fuel economy with a hybrid antiskid braking system in hybrid electric vehicles 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
J. L. Zhang Ch. L. Yin J. W. Zhang 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2010,11(2):205-213
When braking on wet roads, Antilock Braking System (ABS) control can be triggered because the available brake torque is not
sufficient. When the ABS system is active, for a hybrid electric vehicle, the regenerative brake is switched off to safeguard
the normal ABS function. When the ABS control is terminated, it would be favorable to reactivate the regenerative brake. However,
recurring cycles from ABS to motor regenerative braking could occur. This condition is felt to be unpleasant by the driver
and has adverse effects on driving stability. In this paper, a novel hybrid antiskid braking system using fuzzy logic is proposed
for a hybrid electric vehicle that has a regenerative braking system operatively connected to an electric traction motor and
a separate hydraulic braking system. This control strategy and the method for coordination between regenerative and hydraulic
braking are developed. The motor regenerative braking controller is designed. Control of regenerative and hydraulic braking
force distribution is investigated. The simulation and experimental results show that vehicle braking performance and fuel
economy can be improved and the proposed control strategy and method are effective and robust. 相似文献
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Analysis of a regenerative braking system for Hybrid Electric Vehicles using an Electro-Mechanical Brake 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
J. K. Ahn K. H. Jung D. H. Kim H. B. Jin H. S. Kim S. H. Hwang 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2009,10(2):229-234
The regenerative braking system of the Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) is a key technology that can improve fuel efficiency
by 20∼50%, depending on motor size. In the regenerative braking system, the electronically controlled brake subsystem that
directs the braking forces into four wheels independently is indispensable. This technology is currently found in the Electronic
Stability Program (ESP) and in Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC). As braking technologies progress toward brake-by-wire systems,
the development of Electro-Mechanical Brake (EMB) systems will be very important in the improvement of both fuel consumption
and vehicle safety. This paper investigates the modeling and simulation of EMB systems for HEVs. The HEV powertrain was modeled
to include the internal combustion engine, electric motor, battery and transmission. The performance simulation for the regenerative
braking system of the HEV was performed using MATLAB/Simulink. The control performance of the EMB system was evaluated via
the simulation of the regenerative braking of the HEV during various driving conditions. 相似文献
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混合动力电动汽车制动系统回馈特性仿真 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
为了研究混合动力电动汽车(HEV)回馈制动特性,建立了用于城市公交的混合动力电动汽车复合制动系统的仿真模型,提出了回馈制动控制策略,分析了复合制动系统的工作过程,并探讨影响电动汽车制动系统可靠、安全和高效的主要因素,研究电动汽车复合制动系统优化途径。研究结果表明:回馈制动最低车速限值越小,制动能量回收率越大;从回收电动汽车能量角度分析,回馈制动比例应有一个有效范围值;在各种循环工况下,具有回馈制动功能时混合动力电动汽车城市客车单位里程的能量消耗可降低10%~25%。 相似文献
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M. H. Kwon J. H. Park G. S. Gwak J. W. Huh H. K. Choi S. H. Hwang 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2016,17(3):437-446
The braking system of hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is composed of friction and regenerative braking system, meaning that braking torque is generated by the collaboration of the friction and regenerative braking system. With the attributes, there are two problems in the HEV braking system. First, rapid deceleration occurs due to dynamic characteristic difference when shifting the friction and regenerative braking systems. Second, the friction braking torque alters with temperature because the friction coefficient changes with the temperature. These problems cause the vehicle to be unstable. In this paper, the concurrence control and compensation control were proposed to solve these problems. And also, the concurrence control and compensation control were combined for the stability of the braking system. In order to confirm the effect of these control algorithms, the experiment and simulation were conducted. Consequently, it was confirmed that the control algorithm of this study improved the vehicle safety and stability. 相似文献
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分布式驱动电动汽车各驱动轮转速和转矩可以单独精确控制,便于实现整车动力学控制和制动能量回馈,从而提升车辆的主动安全性和行驶经济性。但车辆在回馈制动过程中,一旦1台电机突发故障,其他电机产生的制动力矩将对整车形成附加横摆力矩,从而造成车辆失稳,此时虽可通过截断异侧对应电机制动力矩输出来保证行驶方向,但会使车辆制动力大幅衰减或丧失,同样不利于行车安全。为了解决此问题,提出并验证一种基于电动助力液压制动系统的制动压力补偿控制方法,力图有效保证整车制动安全性。以轮毂电机驱动汽车为例,首先建立了整车动力学模型以及轮毂电机模型,通过仿真验证了回馈制动失效的整车失稳特性以及电机转矩截断控制的不足;然后,建立了电动助力液压制动系统模型,并通过原理样机的台架试验验证了模型的准确性;接着,基于滑模控制算法设计了制动压力补偿控制器,并在单侧电机再生制动失效后的转矩截断控制基础上完成了液压制动补偿控制效果仿真验证;最后,通过实车试验证明了所提控制方法的有效性和实用性。研究结果表明:在分布式驱动电动汽车单侧电机再生制动失效工况下,通过异侧电机转矩截断控制和制动系统的液压主动补偿,能够使车辆快速恢复稳定行驶并满足制动强度需求。 相似文献
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Fengchun Sun Wei Liu Hongqiang Guo 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2016,54(8):1031-1052
For an electric vehicle with independently driven axles, an integrated braking control strategy was proposed to coordinate the regenerative braking and the hydraulic braking. The integrated strategy includes three modes, namely the hybrid composite mode, the parallel composite mode and the pure hydraulic mode. For the hybrid composite mode and the parallel composite mode, the coefficients of distributing the braking force between the hydraulic braking and the two motors' regenerative braking were optimised offline, and the response surfaces related to the driving state parameters were established. Meanwhile, the six-sigma method was applied to deal with the uncertainty problems for reliability. Additionally, the pure hydraulic mode is activated to ensure the braking safety and stability when the predictive failure of the response surfaces occurs. Experimental results under given braking conditions showed that the braking requirements could be well met with high braking stability and energy regeneration rate, and the reliability of the braking strategy was guaranteed on general braking conditions. 相似文献
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电动汽车驱动系统再生制动特性分析与仿真 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
电动汽车行驶时对能量的需求以及延长续驶里程要求驱动电机具有再生制动能力,既可以提供制动力,又可以将制动过程中的能量回收。通过对汽车制动模式及其产生的能量进行分析。以永磁无刷直流电机系统在作电动汽车动力时实现电气制动为控制策略,仿真了回馈制动,并对仿真结果进行了分析、探讨。结果表明,再生制动的算法是可行的,能满足能量回收要求。 相似文献
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电动汽车复合制动由电机再生制动与机械摩擦制动两部分构成,其控制性能直接影响车辆的能量利用效率、制动安全性以及舒适性。围绕静态制动转矩分配控制、动态复合制动协调控制、制动换挡控制、智能辅助驾驶中的复合制动控制4个方面的研究现状与关键技术展开综述,并对复合制动控制未来研究方向进行了展望。对文献的梳理分析表明:制动转矩分配决定着复合制动系统能量回收能力与车辆制动稳定性,基于规则的分配策略面对复杂多变工况自适应性欠佳,而基于优化的分配策略各方面性能表现良好,但需要兼顾控制实时性与优化效果;利用电机响应迅速与控制精确的优势完成复合制动协调控制,能够提升制动模式切换过渡工况与紧急制动工况的控制性能,改善驾驶舒适性;制动过程中实施合理换挡可以进一步提升能量回收效率,同时通过补偿控制解决换挡过程中动力中断和转矩冲击等问题,保证换挡平顺性;随着电动汽车智能化和网联化发展,复合制动控制与驾驶人辅助系统相结合有助于在保证系统功能的同时实现能量回收效益最大化。 相似文献
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本文中首先基于电机等效电路模型,分析了车用内置式永磁同步电机的耗能制动状态和回馈制动状态;然后根据电机矢量控制原理,对控制电流指令进行解析,并经试验数据的验证;接着计算得到永磁同步电机最优回馈转矩曲线,并据此提出一种制动回馈能量最优的串联制动控制策略。最后针对某P4并联混合动力商用车,仿真分析了在C?WTVC、CHTC?TT循环工况和试验采集到的某段省道工况下,并联制动和所提出的串联最优制动控制策略下的百公里油耗和制动回收能量。结果表明,与并联制动控制相比,基于电机最优回馈转矩曲线的串联制动控制策略可降低油耗,并回收更多的制动能量,实现制动回收能量和燃油经济性的提升。 相似文献
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《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2012,50(1):144-173
ABSTRACTEnergy recovery is a key technology to improve energy efficiency and extend driving range of electric vehicle. It is still a challenging issue to maximise energy recovery. We present an energy recovery mode (mode A) which recovers braking energy under all situations that accelerator pedal (AP) is lifted, brake pedal (BP) is depressed, as well as AP and BP are released completely; and propose a control strategy of regenerative braking based on driver's intention identified by a fuzzy recognition method. Other two modes: (1) recovery braking energy only the BP is depressed (mode B), (2) no energy recovery, have been studied to compare with mode A. Simulations are carried out on different adhesion conditions. Recovered energy and driving range are also obtained under FTP75 driving cycle. Road test is implemented to validate simulation results. Results show that mode A can improve energy recovery by almost 15.8% compared with mode B, and extend driving range by almost 8.81% compared with mode B and 20.39% with the mode of no energy recovery; the control strategy of regenerative braking can balance energy recovery and braking stability. The proposed energy recovery mode provides a possibility to achieve a single-pedal design of the electric vehicle. 相似文献
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《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2012,50(11):1372-1388
Because of the damping and elastic properties of an electrified powertrain, the regenerative brake of an electric vehicle (EV) is very different from a conventional friction brake with respect to the system dynamics. The flexibility of an electric drivetrain would have a negative effect on the blended brake control performance. In this study, models of the powertrain system of an electric car equipped with an axle motor are developed. Based on these models, the transfer characteristics of the motor torque in the driveline and its effect on blended braking control performance are analysed. To further enhance a vehicle's brake performance and energy efficiency, blended braking control algorithms with compensation for the powertrain flexibility are proposed using an extended Kalman filter. These algorithms are simulated under normal deceleration braking. The results show that the brake performance and blended braking control accuracy of the vehicle are significantly enhanced by the newly proposed algorithms. 相似文献
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续驶里程及蓄电池供电技术是目前制约新能源汽车普及的主要因素。再生制动技术作为提高整车能量利用率的有效方案,为新能源汽车续驶里程的提高提供了一条切实可行的解决思路。针对再生制动关键技术,分别阐述了再生制动控制策略研究和再生制动能量管理研究两个方面的研究成果。针对再生制动策略问题,分别从制动意图识别、制动力分配以及轮缸压力控制三方面总结了再生制动相关控制策略;针对能量管理问题,分别从制动能量回收潜力与能量回收效果评估两方面对研究成果进行了总结。分析了通过能量流机理计算车辆节能潜力的方法,并对未来再生制动关键技术的研究与发展趋势进行了展望。 相似文献
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Z.-G. Zhao L.-J. Zhou J.-T. Zhang Q. Zhu 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2017,55(5):750-773
Considering the controllability and observability of the braking torques of the hub motor, Integrated Starter Generator (ISG), and hydraulic brake for four-wheel drive (4WD) hybrid electric cars, a distributed and self-adaptive vehicle speed estimation algorithm for different braking situations has been proposed by fully utilising the Electronic Stability Program (ESP) sensor signals and multiple powersource signals. Firstly, the simulation platform of a 4WD hybrid electric car was established, which integrates an electronic-hydraulic composited braking system model and its control strategy, a nonlinear seven degrees-of-freedom vehicle dynamics model, and the Burckhardt tyre model. Secondly, combining the braking torque signals with the ESP signals, self-adaptive unscented Kalman sub-filter and main-filter adaptable to the observation noise were, respectively, designed. Thirdly, the fusion rules for the sub-filters and master filter were proposed herein, and the estimation results were compared with the simulated value of a real vehicle speed. Finally, based on the hardware in-the-loop platform and by picking up the regenerative motor torque signals and wheel cylinder pressure signals, the proposed speed estimation algorithm was tested under the case of moderate braking on the highly adhesive road, and the case of Antilock Braking System (ABS) action on the slippery road, as well as the case of ABS action on the icy road. Test results show that the presented vehicle speed estimation algorithm has not only a high precision but also a strong adaptability in the composite braking case. 相似文献
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Graeme Morrison 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2017,55(5):725-749
‘Slip control’ braking has been shown to reduce the emergency stopping distance of an experimental heavy goods vehicle by up to 19%, compared to conventional electronic/anti-lock braking systems (EBS). However, little regard has been given to the impact of slip control braking on the vehicle’s directional dynamics. This paper uses validated computer models to show that slip control could severely degrade directional performance during emergency braking. A modified slip control strategy, ‘attenuated slip demand’ (ASD) control, is proposed in order to rectify this. Results from simulations of vehicle performance are presented for combined braking and cornering manoeuvres with EBS and slip control braking with and without ASD control. The ASD controller enables slip control braking to provide directional performance comparable with conventional EBS while maintaining a substantial stopping distance advantage. The controller is easily tuned to work across a wide range of different operating conditions. 相似文献