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顶部张紧式立管(TTR)是油气开发必不可少的立管类型。研究了南海1500m水深半潜式干树深水平台TTR的概念设计,提出新的管中管结构的等效方法。通过分析立管结构的受力控制方程,得到立管受力分析的主要影响参数,按照轴向刚度、抗弯刚度、立管湿重和液体湿重等效原则,实现立管力学性质的等效。使用Orca Flex软件非线性时域分析立管遭受的四种典型工况,分别获得张力和弯矩,依据管中管结构外管和内管的刚度在等效模型中占的比例进行分配,根据API规范确定管中管结构外管和内管的应力,得到TTR四种工况下的强度分析结果,认为在半潜平台下,TTR强度满足设计要求。 相似文献
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基于顶部张紧式立管动力分析的关键参数研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文中提出了一种适用于工作于南中国海张力腿平台(TLP)的顶张紧式立管(TTR),并利用有限元软件ABAQUS/AQUA对该立管进行了模拟分析,计算用以预测立管波浪飞溅区和立管下部区域在波浪以及平台联合作用下的影响。计算时采取时域计算方法,计算过程中考虑了几何非线性的影响。并在计算完成TTR在位动力分析的基础之上,做了一定量的参数敏感性分析,重点考察立管侧向位移,弯矩以及等效应力水平对TTR一些重要参数的敏感性。结果表明,计算顶张力TTR动力分析时,必须考虑平台侧向位移跟轴向位移的耦合作用,立管响应受其顶部TLP平台以及张力比TTF的影响较大。随着立管顶部张力比TTF的增加,立管的变形逐渐变小,但顶部张力的增加同时增加了立管内部的等效应力,立管设计时应充分考虑到这两者之间的"平衡"关系。 相似文献
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Catenary risers have an interaction zone with the seabed, usually referenced as flowline. Movements in this region can be induced by sea currents and large offsets in floating unit, leading to touchdown position changes and affecting internal loads along riser length. In this work the contact flowline-seabed is modeled including sliding and rolling friction. Case studies involving large offsets in floating unit and lateral sea currents are solved to better understand the consequences of possible rolling and large sliding. The riser is modeled using a geometrically-exact finite element beam model. The contact is addressed with a new technique to include rotation movements from underlying beam models. This leads to global riser models including complex kinematics, being able to represent scenarios with alternating sliding/rolling and its consequences on internal loads of riser structure. A parametric study is performed to measure the influence of the friction coefficient in tension and torsion along typical flexible pipe and steel pipe catenary risers. 相似文献
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One of the difficult operations, which consists in moving the riser and placing its end relatively close to a desired position, is the re-entry operation. Complex dynamic behavior of risers under different sea conditions requires efficient modelling methods. The model used in this paper applies a modification of the segment method using joint coordinates, in which it is possible to analyze only one selected deformation while neglecting the others. This enables a very high computational efficiency of the method to be achieved. The models developed take into account the impact of the environment in which the risers work. The model is validated by comparison of the authors' own results with those presented by other researchers and the simulations are concerned both with statics and dynamics of spatial risers. The numerical effectiveness of the method presented enables it to be applied in the solution of dynamic optimization problems, one of which is presented by the example of the re-entry process. The process of moving the riser is useful in emergency situations (evacuation) when it is necessary to disconnect the riser from the wellhead and move it together with the platform. This optimization task is a 3D problem due to the sea currents acting at different angles on the riser in relation to the direction defined by beginning and final positions of the bottom end of the riser. The calculations are carried out for a hang-off riser, and the optimal motion of the base for different conditions of the sea is defined. The influence of the LMRP (Lower Marine Riser Package) on this movement is also examined. 相似文献
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顺应式垂直通路立管(CVAR)是目前处于研究阶段的一种新型的立管类型,在海流作用下产生涡激振动,在平台垂荡运动作用下产生参数激励振动。为了研究参数激励的影响,本文引入尾流振子模型模拟漩涡脱落对立管的作用,同时考虑浮式平台升沉运动产生的参数激励,建立了CVAR参激-涡激联合振动方程,获取联合作用下的动力响应,并与纯涡激振动响应进行对比。结果表明,在相同的流速下CVAR中部涡激振动幅值最大,流速的增大会导致涡激振动的频率增大,发生高阶锁振,高阶锁振振动幅值比低阶锁振振动幅值小。考虑参数激励之后,较纯涡激振动而言,立管的振动幅值增大;当参激频率与涡激振动频率接近时,立管的振动幅值最大。 相似文献
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Analysis is computationally the most expensive part of optimization. Surrogate models, which are approximate but faster statistical models, can be used in place of more precise but more computer-intensive methods like finite element method to improve efficiency. Unfortunately, the surrogate models are limited by the number of model parameters. So large-scale problems cannot be fully defined by a single surrogate model. Furthermore, current domain decomposition methods cannot be used with black-box models. This study presents a novel approach to design thin-walled structures using surrogate models that overcome the curse of dimensionality by a special decomposition method. A parametric panel structure is defined as a building block. An interface is developed to maintain compatibility across the blocks. Finally, an iterative algorithm finds the displaced state using only local information. Three test structures are used to show the convergence of the algorithm for static analysis. In these sample cases, number of steps required for convergence of the error did not change with the number of panels. This approach offers many benefits including automatic design creation and optimization, effective usage of stream processors and model reuse. 相似文献
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深海海洋立管在海洋环境中,受到各种不同的破坏作用,其中以海水流动引起的涡激振动和平台垂荡产生的参数振动最为明显而备受关注。而对立管的作用更为复杂的是参激—涡激联合振动。为了便于对参数振动进行研究,以及参激—涡激联合振动的研究得以展开,设计了海洋立管参数激励装置。通过PLC控制两台双轴的步进电机分别来模拟平台的垂荡和海水流过立管的相对运动;通过改变装置上主动杆和从动杆的连接部位而调节平台的垂荡振幅。编写了PLC控制程序,绘制了控制部分硬件接线图。基本实现了平台的垂荡频率在0.4 rad/s~1.6rad/s,振幅在0~2m之间;海水的海面流速在0.1 m/s~1m/s,满足实验条件。 相似文献
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The subsea survey results using remote operating vehicles (ROV) show that trenches with a depth of several riser diameters can be developed underneath the steel catenary risers (SCR). Therefore, an important question in respect of the riser–seabed interaction is, how the trench formation beneath the riser affects the riser fatigue performance in the touchdown zone. A common methodology reported in literature to study the impact of trench formation on riser fatigue life is the insertion of an artificial mathematical expression of the riser profile into the seabed. This study shows that such methodology can be inconsistent and leading to contradictory results. The current paper has employed ABAQUS finite element software and coded a non-linear soil hysteretic model to automatically simulate the variable seabed stiffness and the gradual trench development through the touchdown zone. In this method, the seabed model parameters are initially adjusted to extreme values allowing trench with desired depth to be developed over a moderate number of displacement cycles of the SCR. The design wave scatter diagram is then applied, simulating a generic Spar system, after switching the model parameters to values with normal range. The paper presents the impact of trenches of different depths on the fatigue performance of SCRs in the touchdown zone. 相似文献
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深水TTR立管管中管结构非线性时域分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
在借鉴国外工程实践经验的基础上,采用多层管模型来模拟管中管结构,进行了顶张紧式立管管中管结构的非线性时域分析.多层管模型与传统的等效组合模型相比,其主要的优点在于:它可以模拟内外管之间的相互作用,而且可以通过改变扶正器的相关参数,对扶正器的大小和位置进行优化设计,以此保证内外管之间不会发生碰撞和摩擦;此外,文章还对张紧力在内外管之间的分配进行了研究,采用的管中管结构模拟技术对TTR立管在位强度分析技术PCYL单元犒管节点刚好发生的发展具有一定的指导意义. 相似文献
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Conducting hydrodynamic and physical motion simulation tests using a large-scale self-propelled model under actual wave conditions is an important means for researching environmental adaptability of ships. During the navigation test of the self-propelled model, the complex environment including various port facilities, navigation facilities, and the ships nearby must be considered carefully, because in this dense environment the impact of sea waves and winds on the model is particularly significant. In order to improve the security of the self-propelled model, this paper introduces the Q learning based on reinforcement learning combined with chaotic ideas for the model's collision avoidance, in order to improve the reliability of the local path planning. Simulation and sea test results show that this algorithm is a better solution for collision avoidance of the self navigation model under the interference of sea winds and waves with good adaptability. 相似文献
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Conducting hydrodynamic and physical motion simulation tests using a large-scale self-propelled model under actual wave conditions is an important means for researching environmental adaptability of ships. During the navigation test of the self-propelled model, the complex environment including various port facilities, navigation facilities, and the ships nearby must be considered carefully, because in this dense environment the impact of sea waves and winds on the model is particularly significant. In order to improve the security of the self-propelled model, this paper introduces the Q learning based on reinforcement learning combined with chaotic ideas for the model's collision avoidance, in order to improve the reliability of the local path planning. Simulation and sea test results show that this algorithm is a better solution for collision avoidance of the self navigation model under the interference of sea winds and waves with good adaptability. 相似文献
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A reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) methodology is presented for the design of a steel catenary riser (SCR) under
dynamic environmental loads. The purpose of this work is to optimize the cost of products subjected to probabilistic constraints.
Searching for the optimal design of the riser in a wide range of design variables is computationally very expensive if time-consuming
codes for dynamic analysis are necessary in the iteration process. In this study, the effectiveness of the proposed RBDO using
a metamodel is firstly studied and validated through a beam test, then applied to the industrial dynamic optimization problem.
The design variables of structures are assumed to be uncertain, and some other parameters such as loading and material properties
are considered random. The performance function is approximated using metamodels to avoid time-consuming finite-element analysis
during the optimization iteration. A single-loop method is used to decouple the double-loop RBDO problem. The reliability
is finally confirmed through Monte Carlo simulations. According to the analysis, the presented methodology is more rational
and realistic compared with deterministic optimization. 相似文献
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The ice resistance on ships in escort operations in level ice are investigated using the discrete element method (DEM). A dilated polyhedron—generated by the Minkowski sum of a sphere and a polyhedron—is employed in the DEM; this dilated polyhedron-based DEM (DPDEM) is adopted to simulate the ship–ice interaction, wherein the contact force and bond-failure criterion are considered for the collision and fracture of sea ice, respectively. A three-point bending test was simulated with DPDEM, and a field test was conducted in the Bohai Sea to validate the DEM results. Further, a parametric analysis of flexural strength was conducted to identify the parameters involved in the bond-failure criterion. The ice resistance on icebreakers and cargo ships in level ice are simulated using DPDEM. The simulated ice resistances are compared with the Lindqvist and Riska formulas and the model test, which proves the validity of the DEM simulation. The interaction between ships and level ice is simulated parametrically to investigate the ice resistance on cargo ships with and without the icebreaker escort. Influencing factors such as ship speed, ice thickness, and ship breadth were examined to investigate the ice resistance on the escorted cargo ship. Analysis and change rules of the ice resistance on cargos affected by those factors were given. 相似文献
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《Marine Structures》2007,20(1-2):49-70
A series of new generation oil tankers is presently under construction. These ships differ from traditional oil tankers by their unusual form and therefore direct hydrodynamic analysis is used to determine design vertical wave bending moments instead of adopting IACS rule values. The purpose of the paper is to quantify changes in hull-girder reliability resulting from the new design features. To achieve this, first-order reliability analysis is carried out with respect to ultimate collapse bending moment of the midship cross section of a new generation oil tanker and of a conventional “rule” designed oil tanker. The stochastic model of wave-induced bending moment is derived from direct hydrodynamic analysis performed according to IACS Recommendation No. 34 Standard Wave Data, Rev 1, 2000. The probability distribution of the still water bending moment is assumed based on the data from loading manuals. The model uncertainties of linear wave loads, non-linearity of the response as well as load combination factors are included in the reliability formulation. The reliability analysis is performed for three relevant loading conditions: full load, ballast and partial load and for two states of the hull: the “as-built” hull and “corroded” hull according to anticipated 20-year corrosion. One of the most interesting conclusions from the study is that the annual hull-girder reliability of new generation oil tanker is increased considerably compared to the conventional oil tanker. Sensitivity and parametric studies are performed with respect to random variables representing modelling uncertainties. The results of a sensitivity study enable sorting of pertinent variables according to their relative importance, while parametric study is used to quantify changes in the reliability indices for moderate variation of input parameters. Furthermore, some other results and discussions are presented pointing out the benefits of introducing the ship reliability methods in design practice, especially if this refers to new designs. 相似文献
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针对立管结构中存在着复杂预应力分布的现象,提出了立管在只考虑顶端平台升沉激励引起的纯参激振动问题。基于结构预应力理论,建立了含复杂预应力的立管结构运动控制微分方程,提出了一种可适用于含复杂预应力分布的立管参激振动特性分析方法。以此为基础,应用数值计算对比了复杂预应力对立管结构的自然频率、振型等振动特性的影响。计算结果表明,复杂预应力的存在对立管结构的动力特性有着重要的影响。 相似文献
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