潮汐环境下细粒泥沙沉降速度研究述评Ⅲ——沉速的影响因子*

作为“潮汐环境下细颗粒泥沙沉降速度研究述评”的第3部分,在前人大量理论和试验研究的基础上,对决定细颗粒泥沙沉降速度最重要的3个因子（含沙量、盐度和温度）影响沉速的方式进行了综述。通过对比与分析认为：1）含沙量是影响沉速的主要因子之一,当含沙量在一定范围内,含沙量增加沉速增加;当超越一定限度,含沙量增加,沉速反而减小,存在一个最佳絮凝含沙量区间。2）温度与沉速的关系还需进一步探索;盐度与沉速的关系也存在一定争议,可能存在最佳絮凝的盐度条件。3）含沙量、盐度和温度均能显示其对细颗粒泥沙沉降速度程度不一的影响力,且各因子对沉速的影响关系并非单一、较为复杂,不同地域、时段和区段某些关键参数的差异较大。     

潮汐环境下细颗粒泥沙沉降速度研究述评Ⅲ——沉速的影响因子

作为"潮汐环境下细颗粒泥沙沉降速度研究述评"的第3部分,在前人大量理论和试验研究的基础上,对决定细颗粒泥沙沉降速度最重要的3个因子(含沙量、盐度和温度)影响沉速的方式进行了综述。通过对比与分析认为:1)含沙量是影响沉速的主要因子之一,当含沙量在一定范围内,含沙量增加沉速增加;当超越一定限度,含沙量增加,沉速反而减小,存在一个最佳絮凝含沙量区间。2)温度与沉速的关系还需进一步探索;盐度与沉速的关系也存在一定争议,可能存在最佳絮凝的盐度条件。3)含沙量、盐度和温度均能显示其对细颗粒泥沙沉降速度程度不一的影响力,且各因子对沉速的影响关系并非单一、较为复杂,不同地域、时段和区段某些关键参数的差异较大。     

乐清湾水动力及泥沙环境特征

基于现场实测水文泥沙资料,对乐清湾水动力条件及泥沙环境进行了研究。乐清湾为半封闭型淤泥质海湾,湾内波浪小、潮差大、深槽流速大、波浪掀沙作用不强、水体含沙量低;乐清湾底质以粉砂质粘土为主,与瓯江口以细砂为主的底质明显不同,乐清湾内水体含沙量也明显低于瓯江口,因此乐清湾受瓯江下泄泥沙直接影响较小,湾内泥沙主要来自近岸浅滩泥沙的就地悬浮搬运。     

灌河口海域泥沙悬浮和沉降试验研究

掌握灌河口海域泥沙运动规律是开展灌河口航道整治研究的基础。以现场所取泥沙为研究对象,通过大型波浪水槽试验研究灌河口海域泥沙在不同的水深、不同的波周期和波高条件下的悬浮规律。通过静水沉降试验研究灌河口海域泥沙在不同初始浓度、不同水深下的沉降特性。结果表明,在极限波高情况下,水体上部区域含沙量较小,且沿垂线分布变化较小,但水体底部附近含沙量较大,总体上底部含沙量比上部水体含沙量大0.25~0.96 kg m^3;不同水深以及不同初始含沙量情况下,泥沙沉降速度0.08~0.20 cm s,与单颗粒泥沙沉速在同一量级,灌河口海域泥沙絮凝作用较弱。     

长江口北槽悬沙垂线分布经验公式研究*

利用Rouse公式对长江口多次实测资料进行整理分析,得出了长江口北槽纵向悬沙垂线分布的特征,验证了描 述悬浮泥沙垂线分布的Rouse公式的适用性,阐明了利用Rouse公式推算得到的不平衡条件下泥沙沉速与实际泥沙沉速的差 异,并利用不平衡条件下的垂线分布公式和北槽悬沙垂线分布实测资料,率定和验证了不平衡输沙系数和垂线平均含沙量 的经验关系式,在此基础上,建立了适用描述长江口北槽悬沙垂线分布的经验公式,并通过实测资料得到了验证。     

靖乐渠渠首沉沙池数值模拟及处理效率

甘肃省靖远县靖乐渠由乌兰镇陆家嘴黄河南岸引水,实灌面积33.53 km2,距今已有500余年历史。黄河水挟沙量大,致使下游河道和倒虹吸淤积严重。针对这一问题,拟将原取水口上移3 km,沉沙后引水入城。通过建立沉沙池数学模型,结合引水流量、含沙量、泥沙颗粒级配等多方面因素,对沉沙池沉沙效率、全年淤积厚度及流场分布进行研究,并对两种进口形式的沉沙池方案进行对比分析。结果表明,运用MIKE21泥沙输运模型计算是可行的;沉沙池进口较窄时比方形进口的沉积效果好,流场分布较好,口门处不易堵塞。     

长江口12.5 m深水航道悬沙分布特征*

利用长江口12.5 m深水航道洪、枯季水文测验资料,分析深水航道悬沙的时空分布特征。结果表明：南港圆圆 沙段含沙量小,垂线分布相对均匀;北槽中段含沙量大,垂向分布不均匀。细颗粒泥沙絮凝、盐淡水分层与河口滞流点是 北槽中段形成高含沙量且垂向分布不均匀的主要原因。北槽中段含沙量的时空分布特征,与12.5 m深水航道的回淤变化特 征具有一致性,表明北槽中段的航道回淤可能以悬沙淤积为主;而南港圆圆沙段含沙量低,且垂向相对均匀,表明该区段 航道回淤受悬沙的影响较小。     

长江口南汇嘴海域表层悬浮泥沙分布和运动遥感分析

利用Landsat-5/7卫星影像资料,建立了长江口南汇嘴水域表层悬沙遥感模式,结合实测含沙量资料对南汇嘴海区表层水体悬沙分布及泥沙运动情况进行了分析,结果表明南汇嘴附近海域总体上含沙量较高,在0.5～1.5kg/m3变化。高含沙量多出现在杭州湾口中部、南汇嘴浅滩,杭州北岸芦潮港附近含沙量为0.5kg/m3左右。悬沙的浓度及范围随大、小潮和洪、枯季的不同而不同。悬沙的浓度及范围随潮差和风速增大而增大,南汇嘴边滩含沙量一般洪季高于枯季,杭州湾水域水体含沙量一般是冬季高于夏季。长江口与杭州湾之间存在着泥沙交换,长江口水沙以直接和间接2种方式进入杭州湾,而南汇嘴近岸水域则是交换的主要通道。     

黄骅港泥沙静水沉降特性研究

利用黄骅港海域床面表层泥沙进行不同颗粒级配的粉沙类泥沙静水沉降试验,揭示粉沙群体中不同粒径组分的分选沉降现象,给出不同颗粒级配泥沙在不同含沙量情况下沉降泥沙质量随时间的变化曲线,提出不同百分比沉降质量的代表沉速概念,给出黄骅港不同级配泥沙的代表沉速,指出粉沙类泥沙回淤问题的物模或数模研究需要根据实际情况合理选取代表沉速。     

在线实时含沙量观测系统构建及其应用

基于某海洋工程岛隧桥梁施工项目建设,需对沉管基槽范围内水体含沙量在线实时观测。为满足海洋工程施工不受水体含沙量影响,研究设计出在线实时含沙量观测系统,实现动静态监测、数据实时上报等。文中介绍了在线实时含沙量观测系统的基本原理及构建,并结合实例分析了在线实时含沙量观测系统在不同水域水体含沙量观测中的应用和优势,可为水域泥沙观测提供数据参考。     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

舰艇反鱼雷技术

对目前舰艇反鱼雷技术中的非杀伤、软杀伤和硬杀伤等比较先进的手段进行了阐述,并在此基础上分析研究了舰艇反鱼雷技术的发展趋势。     

Community-Based Management for Sustainable Fisheries Resources in Phang-nga Bay,Thailand

Fishing communities, the Government of Thailand Department of Fisheries, local nongovermnental organizations, universities, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and FAO's Bay of Bengal Program have undertaken a partnership in management of Phang-nga Bay's coastal resources. It is the first project of its kind in Thailand, and although still in the early stages, offers insights that may contribute to our knowledge of how we can improve our management of coastal resources, including the importance of (1) building relationships within the governance process; (2) combining education, enforcement, and economic incentives to achieve compliance; (3) implementing solutions early; and (4) government support of community-based decisions. These insights reinforce trends emerging in other coastal management projects in the Asian region.     

Catalyzing Coastal Management in Kenya and Zanzibar: Building Capacity and Commitment

Site-based projects were initiated in Chawka Bay-Paje, Zanzibar, and Nyali-Bamburi-Shanzu, Kenya, to demonstrate the benefits of an integrated coastal management (ICM) approach for addressing coastal issues such as tourism development and enhancement of resource-dependent village economies in eastern Africa. A two-year, multidonor project used three primary strategies to make rapid, but sustainable, progress toward ICM. These included using interagency government teams for ICM planning, adopting an internationally recognized framework for ICM as a project ''road map,'' and explicitly incorporating capacity-building strategies into all aspects of the project. Within two years, integrated ICM action strategies, prepared through participatory processes, were being implemented at both sites, and both teams were working to expand the scale and scope of ICM in their nation. More importantly, the project helped create committed, capable, interagency groups that continue to work together to address urgent ICM issues.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

单相PWM整流器的建模与仿真分析

文章详细分析了单相VSR型PWM整流器的整流原理,建立了电流内环,电压外环的单相VSR型PWM整流控制器的数学模型和逻辑框图。在MATLAB／Simulink软件环境中进行了仿真,分析了模型的可行性。     

无人反潜系统自主指挥控制研究

无人反潜系统的指挥控制问题是关系其具备实际作战能力的主要问题之一。论文在分析无人反潜系统指控原理和其自主指控水平分级的基础上,采用可变自主控制结构,研究了无人反潜系统分级可变自主指控实现的方法。该方法可赋予无人反潜系统可变的指挥控制自主性,使其在工作环境中能够实时评估自身的自主能力,并主动引入人工干预。这种具备人机智能融合特性的自主指挥控制方法更适应无人反潜系统在复杂战场环境中实战化的需求。