叶片厚度对混流泵性能的影响研究

采用高质量结构化网格离散混流泵计算域,基于雷诺时均(RANS)方程和剪切应力输运(SST)湍流模型对混流泵内流场进行数值模拟.采用多种定性和定量指标对不同叶轮叶片厚度时混流泵的扬程、功率和效率特性及叶轮进、出口的流场流动情况进行对比分析.结果表明:在相同流量下,随叶轮叶片厚度减薄,泵的扬程和功率增加,且最高效率点向大流量工况偏移,最高效率略有升高;叶轮叶片厚度减薄提高了流场流动均匀度,改善了叶片表面压力分布情况,使空化性能得以改善.     

叶片数对喷水推进低比转速轴流泵叶轮水动力性能的影响

喷水推进低比转速轴流泵是随着喷水推进技术的发展而产生的一种新泵型。针对一型低比转速轴流泵叶轮叶片数分别选取为5、6、7建立三组叶轮模型,选择RNG k-ε两方程涡粘模型进行叶轮内流场与功率、总压扬程、效率的数值模拟计算,得到三组叶轮的相关水动力曲线。在此基础上分析叶片数对低比转速轴流泵叶轮水动力性能的影响,得到叶片数对功率、总压扬程与工况点影响较大,而基本不影响最高效率的结论,为我国该类泵型的深入研究提供参考。     

离心风机的内部流场数值模拟及噪声预估

建立后向板型叶片离心风机的流场模型,运用非结构化网格对流场模型进行网格划分,流场模拟的湍流模型采用标准k-ε模型,风机旋转区与非旋转区的耦合采用移动参考坐标系模型MRF,利用Fluent流体分析软件对离心风机的三维流场进行模拟仿真,得出叶轮、蜗壳的速度、压力等分布云图,在此基础上,运用数值计算方法对所研究的离心风机进行噪声预算,结果表明：考虑蜗壳与叶轮之间的区域计算所得流场更加符合实际工况;叶轮对气流做功,叶片根部气体的速度最小,叶片边缘处速度最大;蜗壳内侧的静压与全压均偏低;蜗壳的静压与动压在蜗舌区域均发生突变。研究结果有助于了解风机内部流场的运动规律,为风机结构优化及噪声优化研究提供参考。     

新型高效扭曲叶片的叶轮研制

针对原泥泵叶轮采用柱形叶片,导致过流通道较小、泥泵效率低的问题,在不改变叶轮外形尺寸的前提下,设计一款扭曲叶片的三叶片叶轮,对不同叶片数的叶轮输送清水和泥浆进行水力特性试验,分析泥泵的清水特性和泥浆特性,并且将两款不同叶轮的性能进行对比。结果表明,新开发的扭曲叶片的叶轮最大过流通道的直径增加了40%,泥泵效率提高了10%。研究成果可为类似工程提供参考。     

基于数值试验的喷水推进轴流泵的一体化设计

在给定流量、转速和扬程的设计指标下,综合分析和选取决定叶轮水动力性能的主要几何参数,采用升力法进行喷水推进轴流泵叶轮的水力设计。然后运用CFD方法对所设计轴流泵在设计点水动力性能进行数值模拟,计算结果表明:水力效率和扬程均满足设计要求。此基础上计算得到了该泵的扬程-流量、功率-流量、效率-流量特性曲线,进一步验证设计的合理性。最后将在设计工况下计算得到的水动力载荷导入有限元分析软件进行叶轮应力分析,校核了设计工况下叶片强度;同时,对叶轮进行模态分析,结果显示:所设计叶片固有频率远离轴频、叶频,能很好地避开叶轮共振。     

导边与随边设计对喷水推进泵性能的影响

采用相同的叶片轴面流线载荷分布和叶轮出口环量分布规律,改变导边与随边位置设计出多个喷水推进泵叶轮。基于雷诺时均的N-S方程、SST湍流模型和多重参考坐标系对叶轮内流场进行数值模拟,结果表明：导边向进口适度延伸可减小叶片进口边的载荷,利于提高空化性能,但效率有所降低;随边倾斜参数与叶轮出口的轴面速度分布和叶片表面的压力分布特性关联。     

大型船用轴流风机流场数值仿真及其气动噪声源特性研究

基于Realizable k-e双方程湍流模型,利用CFD软件建立了某型船用轴流风机内部流场的仿真模型,分析了转速1460rpm时,不同工况下轴流风机出口压力和效率随流量的变化关系,深入研究了叶轮区域的气体流动的压力和速度的分布、形成过程及相互关系。分析发现,在叶片叶顶区域,由叶顶间隙涡形成的叶顶间隙噪声是该轴流风机的主要气动噪声源;湍流强度与声功率级具有较为一致的分布趋势,湍流强度是影响噪声分布的重要因素。研究结果对分析大型船用轴流风机气动噪声产生机理具有参考价值,并为降低其噪声提供依据。     

叶顶间隙对高压比离心压气机性能的影响机理

为了研究高压比离心压气机叶顶间隙流动损失的产生机理,建立了18个不同叶顶间隙的压气机叶轮模型,采用数值方法对其进行流场求解计算,对比分析有叶顶间隙与无叶顶间隙下压气机叶轮流道内的流场特性,进行不同叶顶间隙下叶轮流动的对比研究.结果表明:在设计转速与流量下,等熵效率与压比随叶顶间隙比率的增加而近似线性减小;叶轮流道内产生的泄漏涡与主叶片前缘激波相互作用造成有叶顶间隙下的流动损失,高速流体与机匣壁面作用产生的壁面涡与主、辅叶片前缘的激波共同造成了无叶顶间隙下的流动损失;随着叶顶间隙的不断增加,泄漏涡与激波相互作用产生的影响力不断向下游移动,导致压气机性能的不断降低.     

离心泵叶轮进口前非定常流动研究

以一离心泵为对象,进行模型泵叶轮进口前非定常流动的PIV试验及数值模拟。基于PIV试验结果可知,在不同流量工况下,吸入管内均存在着较为强烈的预旋流动,预旋流的方向与叶轮旋转方向一致。且泵偏离设计流量工况越大、与叶轮距离越近,预旋流的绝对速度越大。同时,应用数值模拟的方法,详细分析了吸入管内部流场中涡线、压力脉动等的非定常变化,得出在小流量工况下,吸入管内非定常预旋流动将会引起与叶轮转频较为接近的压力脉动,从而对整个泵系统造成严重危害。     

径向和轴向间隙对喷水推进轴流泵特性影响数值分析

采用三维雷诺平均N-S方程和S-A湍流模型对不同叶轮间隙的喷水推进轴流泵流场及水力性能进行数值计算。计算中选取的相对径向间隙δ(径向间隙尺寸与叶轮直径之比)分别为0.2%,0.4%,0.6%和0.8%,选取的轴向间隙分别为10 mm,15 mm,20 mm和25 mm。计算结果表明:随着δ的增大,泵模型水力性能降低;当δ增大到0.6%时,小流量工况下泵模型的效率和扬程下降加快,设计工况下的叶片进口形成泄漏涡,泄漏损失增大;当轴向间隙增大到20 mm时,静叶吸力面出现分离螺旋点,易引发汽蚀,泵模型选用的轴向间隙为15 mm。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

正~~     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

某海港码头的撞损修复

依据码头撞击受损区域调查检测结果,对受损构件提出合理的修复方案,为码头的安全运行提供保障。