滑行艇纵向运动响应与静水航行数值模拟分析

运用CFD软件FLUENT,采用动网格技术,通过编制的运动预报程序求解耦合运动方程,比较滑行艇排水航行、过渡航行、滑行三种不同状态下航行姿态及周围流场情况,分析了滑行艇响应运动过程中重心位置及纵摇角度的变化,并展开对应工况下滑行艇以固定姿态不涉及动网格技术的静水直航数值模拟,将计算结果与运动响应结果比较分析.得出了滑行艇由排水航行状态过渡到滑行状态底部动压力变化.为关于滑行艇水动力性能的研究提供了可靠的计算研究模型.     

迎浪规则波中高速滑行艇运动响应数值预报与分析

为准确计算滑行艇在波浪中的水动力性能,基于粘性理论,采用随体网格技术、耦合求解运动方程,完成了滑行艇在迎浪规则波中运动响应的数值预报.对滑行艇运动响应结果采用时域和频域方法分析,给出了入射波的周期与滑行艇固有频率对滑行艇运动响应的影响分析结果,对数值计算值与模型试验值进行比较.结果表明,数值计算方法可以准确且高效预报滑行艇在波浪中高速航行时的运动姿态及水动力特性,为滑行艇设计提供指导和参考依据.     

基于多块结构网格的滑行艇巡航时流场研究

滑行艇是一种依靠动升力高速航行的船体,其流场复杂。为了捕捉滑行艇航行的流场特征,本文根据滑行艇的流场梯度变化建立合适的结构网格,采用RANS结合VOF方法对滑行艇不同航速的运动进行数值模拟,将不同体积傅汝德数下的滑行艇阻力的计算值与理论值和试验值进行对比,验证了数值方法的可靠性。详细分析了滑行艇航行的流场,包括水面兴波、方尾虚长度以及侧向喷溅现象。最后根据滑行艇的流场完整性,设计了外挂对转桨,并给出了自航滑行艇的流场特性。     

深V型滑行艇纵向运动试验研究

深V型滑行艇模型纵向运动试验研究表明：规则波中,升沉响应的平均值与静水航行时的重心升高极为接近,纵摇响应的平均值与静水航行时的纵倾较为接近,证实了相同航速下滑行艇在波浪中航行的纵向运动是相对于静水浮态的升沉纵摇运动;随着航速的增加,升沉响应峰值、纵摇响应峰值、垂向运动加速度峰值都向长波方向移动;速度较高、波幅较大时,升沉、纵摇、垂向运动加速度是非线性的。     

小水线面复合单体无人艇纵摇运动模式研究

本文以小水线面复合单体无人艇为研究对象,在2种吃水条件下,不同初始纵摇角纵摇衰减运动模型试验,测得纵摇角度随时间变化的曲线,共建立4种纵摇衰减运动模式的系统辨识运动方程,基于系统辨识理论和多种现代优化算法设计并改编了计算软件。通过系统辨识后目标函数的比较,确定了最适合此艇型的纵摇运动辨识方程,得到方程中各力矩系数拟和值,且系统辨识角速度和试验角速度的误差范围平均在4%以内,验证了辨识系统的可靠性。选取其中一种典型角度下的纵摇数据作为辨识依据,讨论2种吃水下水动力矩与时间的变化关系。与同吨位单体滑行艇纵摇运动模式进行比较,表明小水线面单体无人艇纵摇衰减能力较强。     

水气双重介质共同作用下滑行艇纵向运动预报

为探究滑行艇水气双重介质共同作用下的运动响应情况,针对喷水推进滑行艇的高速运动原理,建立水气双重介质作用下滑行艇非线性的纵向运动数学模型。分析滑行艇在水气双重介质共同作用下滑行过程中的受力特性,确定艇体受到的重力、浮力、动升力和风压阻力等,改进受风面积和风压力臂的计算方法,提出实时计算滑行艇浸湿长度的计算公式。编写滑行艇纵向运动预报程序,并对不同工况下滑行艇运动的预报结果予以了分析。结果显示,当主机输出功率一定时,计入空气比不计入空气时的航速下降5.1%,升沉量下降0.006 m,纵摇角抬升0.2°,阻力增加1 893 N,动升力减小404 N;而计入风的阻力对滑行艇的运动影响较大,航速下降15.3%,纵摇角增加0.6°,升沉量下降0.021 m,动升力下降1 139 N,阻力增加5 472 N。     

风载荷作用下滑行艇运动响应的数值预报

本文基于计算流体力学软件FLUENT,编制了耦合求解滑行艇纵向运动预报程序,开展了三维滑行艇模型在风载荷作用下运动响应的数值预报。重点分析了风载荷对滑行艇升沉、纵摇运动和升力、阻力的影响,定量给出了风载荷引起的阻力占总阻力的比重。     

滑行艇波浪中运动性能试验研究

为了探究自主开发的滑行艇耐波性能,在拖曳水池中进行该滑行艇模型不同航速下的静水阻力试验、不同航速下变波长顶浪规则波试验与对应不同海况的不规则波试验,试验过程中记录阻力值和纵向运动响应值。对试验结果处理分析后发现:在排水体积傅氏数Fr=3.713时,滑行艇在5倍于船长的波长附近具有强烈的运动响应,出现了抨击和出水现象;与传统深V滑行艇相比,短波中该滑行艇具有更小的运动响应,滑行艇阻力增值较深V滑行艇有所减小;垂荡响应与航速与波高具有较好的线性关系,纵摇响应航速与波高具有弱非线性。     

滑行艇波浪中运动性能试验研究

为了探究自主开发的滑行艇耐波性能,在拖曳水池中进行该滑行艇模型不同航速下的静水阻力试验、不同航速下变波长顶浪规则波试验与对应不同海况的不规则波试验,试验过程中记录阻力值和纵向运动响应值。对试验结果处理分析后发现:在排水体积傅氏数Fr=3.713时,滑行艇在5倍于船长的波长附近具有强烈的运动响应,出现了抨击和出水现象;与传统深V滑行艇相比,短波中该滑行艇具有更小的运动响应,滑行艇阻力增值较深V滑行艇有所减小;垂荡响应与航速与波高具有较好的线性关系,纵摇响应航速与波高具有弱非线性。     

水气双重介质共同作用下可控水翼滑行艇纵向运动预报

为了探究水气双重介质共同作用下可控水翼滑行艇的运动响应,本文基于喷水推进滑行艇的高速运动原理,建立了水气双重介质共同作用下可控水翼滑行艇非线性纵向运动数学模型。分析了在水气双重介质共同作用下可控水翼滑行艇滑行过程中的受力特性,确定了艇体受到的重力、浮力、动升力、水翼的升阻力及力矩等。提出了可控水翼对滑行艇运动过程中的升沉量和纵倾角的控制策略。完成了0~8级线性风、周期风、随机风作用下水翼变攻角和水翼变攻角+纵向运动对滑行艇运动升沉量和纵倾角控制结果分析。结果表明,当主机输出功率一定时,水翼变攻角可以控制滑行艇的升沉量,弱化纵倾角幅度,而水翼变攻角+纵向运动可以同时控制滑行艇的升沉量和纵倾角。本文为水气双重介质共同作用下可控水翼对滑行艇纵向运动预报提供了有效的研究方法。     

Truss Spar平台非线性垂荡-纵摇耦合随机运动分析(英文)

Considering the static stability and the change of the displacement volume, including the influences of higher order nonlinear terms and the instantaneous wave surface, the nonlinear coupled heave-pitch motion was established in stochastic waves. The responses of heave-pitch coupling motion for the Truss Spar platform were investigated. It was found that, when the characteristic frequency of a stochastic wave is close to the natural heave frequency, the large amplitude pitch motion is induced under the parametric-forced excitation, which is called the Mathieu instability. It was observed that the heave mode energy is transferred to pitch mode when the heave motion amplitude exceeds a certain extent. In addition, the probability of internal resonant heave-pitch motion is greatly reduced while the characteristic wave frequency is away from the natural heave frequency.     

计及形变的滚塑船艇横摇运动中的混沌及其控制

以渔家乐滚塑休闲船为例,考虑船艇体的弹性形变、随机风速和随机波浪等非线性因素,采用时历图、相图、功率谱和Lyapunov指数从不同角度剖析船艇横摇中的动力学特性,然后应用精确反馈线性化和闭环增益成形算法相结合的方法设计控制器,使船艇脱离混沌状态。仿真结果表明：当计及船体弹性形变时,横摇频率加快,角速度和角加速度均增大,船艇稳性和舒适感变差;随着风和浪所含谐波次数的增加,横摇更加剧烈,混沌现象愈显著;所设计的控制器能够有效控制其混沌,从而达到增加船艇安全性、稳定性和舒适性的目的。     

Effects of excitation angle and coupled heave–surge–sway motion on fluid sloshing in a three-dimensional tank

Sloshing waves in moving tanks is an important engineering problem, and most studies of this phenomenon have focused on tanks that are excited by forcing motion in a limited number of directions and with fixed excitation frequencies throughout the forcing. In practice, the excitation comprises multiple degree of freedom motion that potentially couples surge, sway, heave, pitch, roll, and yaw motions. In the present study, a time-independent finite difference method is used to simulate fluid sloshing in three-dimensional tanks filled to an arbitrary depth for various excitation frequencies and multiple degree of freedom motion. The numerical scheme developed here was verified by rigorous benchmark tests. The coupled motions of surge and sway are simulated for various excitation angles, frequencies and water depths. Five kinds of sloshing waves found under coupled surge–sway motions: diagonal, single-directional, square-like, swirling, and irregular waves. The effect of excitation angle on the frequency responses of different sloshing waves is analyzed and discussed in the present study. Further, the components of horizontal force of various sloshing waves are also presented. The coupled effect of surge, sway and heave motions is also discussed, and the results show that unstable sloshing occurs when the excitation frequency of the heave motion is twice the fundamental natural frequency. Moreover, the effects of heave motion on the different types of sloshing waves are explored. It is found that heave motion causes all of the sloshing waves to change type.     

Efficient estimation of extreme non-linear roll motions using the first-order reliability method (FORM)

In on-board decision support systems, efficient procedures are needed for real-time estimation of the maximum ship responses to be expected within the next few hours, given online information on the sea state and user-defined ranges of possible headings and speeds. For linear responses, standard frequency domain methods can be applied. For non-linear responses, as exhibited by the roll motion, standard methods such as direct time domain simulations are not feasible due to the required computational time. However, the statistical distribution of non-linear ship responses can be estimated very accurately using the first-order reliability method (FORM), which is well known from structural reliability problems. To illustrate the proposed procedure, the roll motion was modelled by a simplified non-linear procedure taking into account non-linear hydrodynamic damping, time-varying restoring and wave excitation moments, and the heave acceleration. Resonance excitation, parametric roll, and forced roll were all included in the model, albeit with some simplifications. The result is the mean out-crossing rate of the roll angle together with the most probable wave scenarios (critical wave episodes), leading to user-specified specific maximum roll angles. The procedure is computationally very effective and can thus be applied to real-time determination of ship-specific combinations of heading and speed to be avoided in the actual sea state.     

深海新型浮式生产钻井储油系统运动分析

采用双系统耦合的势流理论分析浮式生产钻井储油系统(FPDSO)及其隐藏式立管浮箱(SRV)在频域情况下的运动特性。计算一阶力(力矩)以及一阶运动响应,并分别将理论得到的垂荡、纵摇和横摇运动的一阶运动响应函数以及统计值与相应的试验结果进行比较。结果表明:理论值与试验结果吻合较好;SRV的垂荡运动大大减小,更有利于深海钻井作业的实施。     

两层流中潜体运动与诱发内波特征关系研究

在两层流体中潜体运动会激发生成内波。文章通过编程控制潜体运动,使用动态分层法保证潜体运动时边界层不受影响,基于RANS方程多相流模型,采用求解相的体积分数方式捕捉内界面波形。潜体定常运动计算结果与实验结果相符,通过此方法,对比不同潜深下潜体诱发内波波高和波长随密度Froude数的变化特征,得到了诱发内波波高最大处的临界密度Froude数,重点研究了在临界密度Froude数处潜体加速运动和减速运动对诱发内波幅值及其波动过程的影响。     

Investigation of heave response of the deepwater octagonal FDPSO using various heave plate configurations

Heave plates can be employed to control undesirable heave motion amplitudes of the deepwater octagonal Floating, Drilling, Production, Storage, and Offloading (FDPSO) platform. Numerical simulations and model tests were applied to analyze and investigate the hydrodynamic response and the feasibility of the heave plate configurations. The diameter and the depth below the free surface of a single-layer heave plate, as well as the spacing of two-layer heave plates, were considered as the primary variables when studying the effect of heave plates on FDPSO hydrodynamics. The analysis results indicate that the heave plate diameter significantly affects the heave hydrodynamics, and heave performance could be improved with an increased diameter. In addition, increasing the depth below the free surface of a single-layer heave plate does not effectively suppress the heave motion within the range of draft depths tested. The target FDPSO obtained better heave characteristics with increased spacing between the two-layer heave plates. Furthermore, the global performances of the octagonal FDPSO with these typical heave plate configurations were comparatively analyzed. The results indicate that from a hydrodynamic point of view, the single-layer heave plate configuration has an advantage over the two-layer heave plate configuration.