刚性阻振质量阻抑振动波的传递特性研究

Based on the principle of impedance mismatching,the performance of rigid vibration isolation mass in impeding vibration wave propagation was discussed from the perspective of wave approach.Based on FEM,the influence of its weight as well as the cross-section shape parameters on the isolation performance of rigid vibration isolation mass was studied through numerical simulation.The results show that rigid vibration isolation mass can effectively impede the propagation of the medium and high frequency vibration waves,and the heavier the vibration isolation mass,the better the isolation performance.For low frequency waves,the vibration isolation effect is not so obvious;for a rectangular vibration isolation mass,the isolation performance could be effectively improved by increasing the cross-section height and reducing the cross-section width.A useful reference was provided for the application of rigid vibration isolation masses to the vibration isolation and noise reduction of ship structure.     

阻振质量参数对动力舱段隔振性能影响规律研究

Rigid blocking masses are located in the typical base structure of a power cabin based on the impedance mismatch principle.By combining the acoustic-structural coupling method and statistical energy analysis,the full-band vibration and sound radiation reduction effect of vibration isolation masses located in a base structure was researched.The influence of the blocking mass’ cross-section size and shape parameters and the layout location of the base isolation performance was discussed.Furthermore,the effectiveness of rigid vibration isolation design of the base structure was validated.The results show that the medium and high frequency vibration and sound radiation of a power cabin are effectively reduced by a blocking mass.Concerning weight increment and section requirement,suitably increasing the blocking mass size and section height and reducing section width can result in an efficiency-cost ratio.     

A new rational-based optimal design strategy of ship structure based on multi-level analysis and super-element modeling method

A new multi-level analysis method of introducing the super-element modeling method, derived from the multi-level analysis method first proposed by O. F. Hughes, has been proposed in this paper to solve the problem of high time cost in adopting a rational-based optimal design method for ship structural design. Furthermore,the method was verified by its effective application in optimization of the mid-ship section of a container ship. A full 3-D FEM model of a ship,suffering static and quasi-static loads, was used as the analyzing object for evaluating the structural performance of the mid-ship module, including static strength and buckling performance. Research results reveal that this new method could substantially reduce the computational cost of the rational-based optimization problem without decreasing its accuracy, which increases the feasibility and economic efficiency of using a rational-based optimal design method in ship structural design.     

支持向量机和遗传算法组合策略的VLCC船中结构优化设计(英文)

In this paper a hybrid process of modeling and optimization,which integrates a support vector machine(SVM) and genetic algorithm(GA),was introduced to reduce the high time cost in structural optimization of ships.SVM,which is rooted in statistical learning theory and an approximate implementation of the method of structural risk minimization,can provide a good generalization performance in metamodeling the input-output relationship of real problems and consequently cuts down on high time cost in the analysis of real problems,such as FEM analysis.The GA,as a powerful optimization technique,possesses remarkable advantages for the problems that can hardly be optimized with common gradient-based optimization methods,which makes it suitable for optimizing models built by SVM.Based on the SVM-GA strategy,optimization of structural scantlings in the midship of a very large crude carrier(VLCC) ship was carried out according to the direct strength assessment method in common structural rules(CSR),which eventually demonstrates the high efficiency of SVM-GA in optimizing the ship structural scantlings under heavy computational complexity.The time cost of this optimization with SVM-GA has been sharply reduced,many more loops have been processed within a small amount of time and the design has been improved remarkably.     

纵向弯矩下材料随机特性对复合材料船体可靠性的影响

The effects of stochastic characteristics of materials on the reliability of ship hulls made of composite materials under longitudinal moment were extensively studied using reliability and sensitivity calculations of a composite ship hull which was sagging.The reliability indices and failure probabilities of the ship in three kinds of failure modes (buckling,material failure,and ultimate collapse) were calculated by the surface response method and JC method.The importance factors of random variables in stochastic models,such as the model errors in predicting the ultimate longitudinal strength of ship and the longitudinal bending moment that the ship withstands,as well as the stochastic characteristics of materials in the models used,were calculated.Then,the effects of these random variables,including the stochastic characteristics of materials on the reliability index and the failure probability of ships which were sagging,were discussed with their importance factors.The results show that the effects of stochastic characteristics of materials on the reliability of ship hulls made of composite materials should be considered during the reliability assessment of composite ships.Finally,some conclusions and recommendations were given for high-speed ship design and safety assessment.     

Multi-objective optimization study on dimensions of medium-sized cruise ship in concept phase北大核心CSCD

［Objective］Aiming at the problem of too many influencing factors and too little reference data for determining the dimensions of medium-sized cruise ships in the concept phase, a simplified multi-objective optimization method based on the fitting of dimensions and performance is proposed. ［Method］First, the dimension relations of medium-sized cruise ships are analyzed and the influence of the latest SOLAS requirements used to determine the optimization range. Second, the influence of cruise ship dimensions on space, resistance, stability and seakeeping are analyzed. Next, based on the principles of genetic algorithms, a multiobjective optimization algorithm with high robustness and high engineering adaptability is determined to establish a multi-objective optimization model for the concept design of medium-sized cruise ships. Finally, the Pareto solution obtained by multi-objective optimization is analyzed to provide initial references for determining the dimensions of the target cruise ship. ［Results］Implemented via a genetic algorithm, the optimization program proposed herein is applied in the concept design of a medium-sized cruise ship in order to optimize the initial dimensions, thereby achieving the expected outcome of providing reasonable initial dimensions for cruise ship design. ［Conclusion ］ The proposed simplified multi-objective optimization model can provide feasible initial dimensions for medium-sized cruise ships in the concept phase. As the Pareto solution obtained by multi-objective optimization has different focuses such as resistance and stability, the most suitable solution needs to be selected according to the design object. © 2023 Chinese Journal of Ship Research. All rights reserved.     

Dynamic characteristics of a WPC-comparison of transfer matrix method and FE method

To find the difference in dynamic characteristics between conventional monohull ship and wave penetrating catamaran (WPC), a WPC was taken as an object; its dynamic characteristics were computed by transfer matrix method and finite element method respectively. According to the comparison of the nature frequency results and mode shape results, the fact that FEM method is more suitable to dynamic characteristics analysis of a WPC was pointed out, special features on dynamic characteristics of WPC were given, and some beneficial suggestions are proposed to optimize the strength of a WPC in design period.     

采用遗传算法进行球鼻艏优化的流体动力计算(英文)

Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) plays a major role in predicting the flow behavior of a ship.With the development of fast computers and robust CFD software,CFD has become an important tool for designers and engineers in the ship industry.In this paper,the hull form of a ship was optimized for total resistance using CFD as a calculation tool and a genetic algorithm as an optimization tool.CFD based optimization consists of major steps involving automatic generation of geometry based on design parameters,automatic generation of mesh,automatic analysis of fluid flow to calculate the required objective/cost function,and finally an optimization tool to evaluate the cost for optimization.In this paper,integration of a genetic algorithm program,written in MATLAB,was carried out with the geometry and meshing software GAMBIT and CFD analysis software FLUENT.Different geometries of additive bulbous bow were incorporated in the original hull based on design parameters.These design variables were optimized to achieve a minimum cost function of "total resistance".Integration of a genetic algorithm with CFD tools proves to be effective for hull form optimization.     

Analytical and experimental study of free vibration of beams carrying multiple masses and springs

The structures in engineering can be simplified intoelastic beams with concentrated masses and elastic spring supports.Studying the law of vibration of the beams can be a help in guidingits design and avoiding resonance. Based on the Laplace transformmethod, the mode shape functions and the frequency equations ofthe beams in the typical boundary conditions are derived. Acantilever beam with a lumped mass and a spring is selected toobtain its natural frequencies and mode shape functions. Anexperiment was conducted in order to get the modal parameters ofthe beam based on the NExT-ERA method. By comparing theanalytical and experimental results, the effects of the locations ofthe mass and spring on the modal parameter are discussed. Thevariation of the natural frequencies was obtained with the changingstiffness coefficient and mass coefficient, respectively. The findingsprovide a reference for the vibration analysis methods and thelumped parameters layout design of elastic beams used inengineering.     

Application of the optimal Latin hypercube design and radial basis function network to collaborative optimization

Improving the efficiency of ship optimization is crucial for modern ship design. Compared with traditional methods, multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) is a more promising approach. For this reason, Collaborative Optimization (CO) is discussed and analyzed in this paper. As one of the most frequently applied MDO methods, CO promotes autonomy of disciplines while providing a coordinating mechanism guaranteeing progress toward an optimum and maintaining interdisciplinary compatibility. However, there are some difficulties in applying the conventional CO method, such as difficulties in choosing an initial point and tremendous computational requirements. For the purpose of overcoming these problems, optimal Latin hypercube design and Radial basis function network were applied to CO. Optimal Latin hypercube design is a modified Latin Hypercube design. Radial basis function network approximates the optimization model, and is updated during the optimization process to improve accuracy. It is shown by examples that the computing efficiency and robustness of this CO method are higher than with the conventional CO method.     

舰船刚性阻振质量基座振动特性优化设计

基于结构动力学优化设计理论,研究了舰船刚性阻振质量基座结构形式的设计方法。在满足基座舱段总重量限制的约束条件下,分别建立了刚性阻振质量布置及截面尺寸优化设计模型,并进行了以基座舱段耐压壳体振动加速度为目标函数的动力学优化设计。通过优化分析,得到了在给定约束条件下减振效果最佳的刚性阻振质量截面尺寸和布置。研究结果表明,刚性阻振质量基座中阻振质量高度越大,基座舱段耐压壳体平均振动加速度级就越小。通过优化设计可以找到满足要求的结构,分析得到目标函数随设计变量的变化趋势,并对此优化方法的有效性进行验证。     

舰船高传递损失复合托板振动特性优化设计

基于结构动力学优化设计理论,研究了潜艇典型舱段双层圆柱壳舷间高传递损失复合托板结构。通过初步优化,得到隔振效果最优的刚性阻振质量块的最优截面尺寸和布设位置,并将最优参数的刚性阻振质量块等效为相同截面惯性矩的球扁钢。在满足舱段总重量及危险截面结构强度的约束条件下,以舱段非耐压壳体全频域内的平均振动加速度级为目标函数,对高传递损失复合托板的开孔半径和托板角度进行动力学优化设计,得到最优振动特性的复合托板形式。由优化结果得到,在中、高频段内,高传递损失复合托板有明显的降噪作用,舱段非耐压壳体全频域内的平均振动加速度级降低了1.66 dB。     

动力设备周围阻振质量闭式回路隔振特性研究

基于波动理论分析了T型板架中阻振质量对振动波传递的阻抑特性,推导了阻振质量的隔振度公式,给出了振动波入射角度、阻振质量截面参数对其隔振性能的影响规律。在此基础上,基于阻抗失配原理将环形阻振质量回路、矩形阻振质量回路引入双壳动力段动力设备周围结构的刚性隔振动设计中,给出了艇体铺板结构阻振质量刚性隔振设计原则。结果表明阻振质量闭式回路能有效降低动力舱段的振动及声辐射。     

舰船刚性阻振质量基座中频振动特性研究

有限元与统计能量混合法(FE-SEA)将计算低频响应的有限元法(FEM)与计算高频响应的统计能量法(SEA)结合起来,有效解决了FEM计算量大而SEA计算不准的中频域问题。提出在舰船弹性基座中引入刚性减振器,即在舰船基座与船体结构连接部位布设刚性阻振质量,并采用基于FE-SEA混合法的VA One软件对舰船刚性阻振质量基座的中频振动特性进行了研究。结果表明,刚性阻振质量对中高频结构噪声可起到明显的隔振作用,而对低频结构噪声的减振效果则不明显,甚至没有减振效果,这对刚性阻振技术在实艇基座减振降噪设计中的应用具有一定的实际工程价值。     

含阻振质量的L型结构在舱段壳体隔振中的应用

利用波动理论分析L型连接板转角处阻振质量阻抑振动波传递的特性,基于阻抗失配和波形转换原理,将此阻抑技术引入壳体隔振设计中,数值计算壳体隔振设计前后的振动与声辐射性能,讨论阻振质量的重量和截面尺寸对其隔振性能的影响,并在此基础上根据模态控制法进一步对壳体隔振设计进行探讨。研究结果表明：将转角含阻振质量的L型连接结构引入壳体隔振设计,不仅能有效降低动力舱段结构的振动,而且还能显著隔离振动波向邻近舱段的传递;在总的阻振质量不变的前提下,合理地布置变质量变截面的阻振质量能显著提高总的隔振降噪效果。     

基座含阻振质量的动力舱段全频段声振特性数值研究

从工程应用的角度出发,将刚性阻振质量带引入动力舱段基座结构的刚性隔振设计中。联合应用声固耦合法和统计能量法,基于ABAQUS/VA ONE,对基座结构含阻振质量带的动力舱段减振降噪效果进行了全频段数值分析。数值研究了阻振质量截面尺寸、截面形状参数、布置位置对基座隔振特性的影响规律,验证了基座刚性阻振质量隔振设计的有效性,旨在为船舶结构声学设计提供参考。     

刚性阻振质量在舰船基座设计中的应用研究

基于阻抗失配原理,分析刚性阻振质量阻隔振动波传递的特性,提出在舰船弹性基座中引入刚性减振器．即在舰船基座与船体结构连接部位布设刚性阻振质量．并利用有限元法对基座舱段耐压壳体及基座板结构的振动传递特性进行数值仿真研究。研究结果表明：对于中高频结构噪声,刚性阻振质量能有效降低基座舱段耐压壳体的振动及声辐射,而对于低频结构噪声,阻振质量的减振效果不明显,甚至没有减振效果。这对刚性阻振技术在实艇减振降噪中的应用具有重要的参考意义。     

弹性复合阻振接头在邮轮通风管道中的减振性能研究

为探究弹性复合阻振接头在邮轮通风管道中的减振性能，利用弹性橡胶与质量阻振相结合的质量—阻尼复合阻振技术，设计开发了应用于通风管道中的弹性复合阻振接头，通过风机激励试验研究其在通风管道中的减振性能，得到弹性复合阻振接头在通风管道中的减振效果。试验结果表明：6款弹性复合阻振接头均能有效提高管道结构振动的阻振效果并拓宽阻振频率范围，并且能够降低激励源与管路系统之间的振动传递；在100-5000Hz频率范围内，弹性复合阻振接头的振动传递损失基本在10dB以上，在某些频段下能达到30dB以上，其中双橡胶复合阻振接头在低频中的减振效果最好。试验研究结果对于船舶通风管道的减振设计具有参考价值。     

刚性阻振质量阻隔振动波传递特性数值研究

基于阻抗失配原理,从波动角度分析了刚性阻振质量阻隔振动波传递的特性,并利用有限元法数值研究了重量及截面形状参数对刚性阻振质量隔振性能的影响。结果表明:刚性阻振质量能有效隔离中高频振动波的传递,且其重量越大,隔振效果越好,而对低频振动波则几乎不起隔离作用;对于矩形截面的刚性阻振质量,适当增大其截面高度同时减小截面宽度,可有效提高刚性阻振质量的隔振降噪效果,这对刚性阻振质量在船体结构减振降噪中的应用具有一定的参考意义。