风化岩层中开口钢管桩沉桩性状*

终锤贯入度、桩端持力层和极限承载力是保证基桩施工质量的要素。采用高应变全程动测试桩研究不同壁厚开口钢管桩在珊瑚礁灰岩地质中的沉桩性状,主要包括测试承载力、沉桩贯入度、打桩应力以及桩身传递能量等关键参数,并通过分析480根开口钢管桩的沉桩规律,得出以下结论:基桩持力层应选择强风化珊瑚礁灰岩,终锤判定条件应同时考虑终锤贯入度和入强风化岩深度2个指标。     

薄壁钢管桩强风化岩层穿透性能研究

结合东非某工程12 mm壁厚钢管桩沉桩实践,总结薄壁钢管桩在强风化岩层的沉桩规律,得出以下结论:钢管桩进入标贯击数50击的强风化珊瑚石灰岩面时,其贯入度为21.5~28.3 mm击。桩尖位于强风化岩层时液压锤能量传递系数最大可达94.5%,薄壁钢管桩进入强风化珊瑚石灰岩持力层最深可达7.1 m,此时贯入度为1.5 mm击。基桩D1和E1高应变结果显示,薄壁钢管桩桩尖进入强风化岩层3.7 m时,端阻力值增加明显趋缓,此时比刚入岩端阻力值增加30.8%~32.8%。     

肯尼亚珊瑚礁灰岩地区钢管桩终锤标准

针对肯尼亚珊瑚礁灰岩地区某水工项目钢管桩原设计收锤标准与施工情况不符的问题,进行新收锤标准下沉桩规律的研究,采用海利公式理论计算、高应变试验及锚桩法静载荷试验方法,并结合项目1440根基桩的实际沉桩工作,得出钢管桩在珊瑚礁灰岩地区的推荐收锤标准:1)珊瑚礁灰岩地区钢管桩沉桩施工时收锤控制推荐采用贯入度控制为主、设计桩尖高程为辅的原则; 2)打入式开口钢管桩施工,采用锤芯质量20 t、锤芯跳高1. 2 m时,φ1 200 mm×12 mm、φ1 200 mm×18 mm、φ1 200 mm×24 mm钢管桩推荐收锤贯入度分别为12～18、7～10、4～8 mm/击。对肯尼亚珊瑚礁灰岩地区钢管桩沉桩施工具有指导作用。     

珊瑚礁岩土地区打入式钢管桩沉桩规律

针对珊瑚礁岩土复杂工程特性所带来的钢管桩沉桩收锤标准难确定、沉桩施工高程难统一等难题,研究了珊瑚礁岩土地区钢管桩沉桩规律。采用统计分析方法对钢管桩在珊瑚礁岩土中的终锤贯入度、沉桩锤击总数以及入土深度进行对比。结合现场试验测试和可打性分析,指出打入式钢管桩易穿透珊瑚礁岩土、所需锤击总数偏少的主要原因是受珊瑚礁岩土软硬分布和土颗粒破碎影响。研究结果表明:钢管桩可以穿透高标贯击数(100击以上)的珊瑚礁岩土;常规的工程设计施工经验直接应用于珊瑚礁岩土容易造成较大的偏差,应通过现场载荷试验校核。     

克里比深水港工程钢管桩桩端结构选型

针对克里比深水港工程码头后方轨道梁部分钢管桩无法沉桩至设计桩端持力层,承载力无法满足设计要求这一工程难题,提出通过优化桩端结构来提高钢管桩在硬黏土层中的承载力。对3种桩端结构进行了现场试验,并通过贯入度观测、打桩监控、高应变动力测试和静载试验等方法,分析了开口、半闭口和闭口钢管桩在硬黏土层中的贯入度、桩身应力和极限承载力的变化情况。基于现场试验结果,最终选定闭口桩端结构作为本项目的优化方案。     

曹妃甸30万吨级原油码头超重型钢管桩沉桩施工

曹妃甸30万吨级原油码头桩基采用直径1.8 m钢管桩,桩长64.5～77 m,桩重81.37～94.51 t,桩重为目前国内之最.文章论述了打桩锤、打桩船的选择和打桩锤、打桩船的技术性能;钢管桩节点的布置及受力计算;以及沉桩施工步骤.经优化的沉桩工艺,使超长、超重钢管桩顺利施打完毕,施工质量达到优良水平.     

钢管板桩码头中桩锤的选择与应用

对一种新型的板桩码头结构形式——钢管板桩结构的打桩施工进行了详细的阐述,通过钢管板桩组合结构在巴基斯坦QICT-2项目中成功应用的实例,对如何针对钢管板桩组合结构和当地特殊的地质情况选择合适的桩锤进行了分析和实例验证,为类似项目的实施提供了参考。     

新加坡海工工程沉桩贯入度控制的研究与应用

在桩基工程锤击沉桩施工中,打桩锤的大小、桩基结构的可打性等均与沉桩贯入度有关。为确保锤击沉桩的质量,需要对沉桩贯入度控制进行研究与应用。通过新加坡樟宜海军基地四期码头等工程实例,对锤击沉桩中的贯入度计算方法、现场控制方法及验证与改进措施等进行了探讨。并通过分析证明:无论是国内还是国外,在桩基工程施工时,贯入度的动力计算为合理选择打桩锤、合理控制沉桩贯入度提供了直接有效的方法。     

海上固定式平台水下钢桩打桩动态监测

本文将结合南海海域东方13-2导管架固定式平台水下钢管桩施工及打桩过程中高应变监测,简要地介绍了水下钢管桩高应变监测流程。打桩过程中高应变监测,能实时监测桩身应力、打桩锤的能量、贯入度、桩身完整性及桩身承载力,为海上打桩的顺利进行提供了数据支持。打桩结束后可以用CAPWAP软件分析出短期内准确的桩身承载力,为后期附近平台设计提供数据支持。     

珊瑚礁灰岩中钢管桩持力层选择及试验研究

桩端持力层是影响基桩承载力的关键因素之一。珊瑚礁灰岩硬而脆、软硬分布不均,与传统的岩土类型存在较大差异,给桩基设计与施工带来了较大的不确定性,用传统的桩基设计理论确定施工桩长及持力层方案是不可靠的。因此在试桩阶段通过高应变动测和静载试验两种方式研究不同持力层中的钢管桩承载特征,研究结果直观地表明该类工程地质宜选择标贯击数为80～100击的强风化珊瑚礁灰岩作为桩端持力层。     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

Catalyzing Coastal Management in Kenya and Zanzibar: Building Capacity and Commitment

Site-based projects were initiated in Chawka Bay-Paje, Zanzibar, and Nyali-Bamburi-Shanzu, Kenya, to demonstrate the benefits of an integrated coastal management (ICM) approach for addressing coastal issues such as tourism development and enhancement of resource-dependent village economies in eastern Africa. A two-year, multidonor project used three primary strategies to make rapid, but sustainable, progress toward ICM. These included using interagency government teams for ICM planning, adopting an internationally recognized framework for ICM as a project ''road map,'' and explicitly incorporating capacity-building strategies into all aspects of the project. Within two years, integrated ICM action strategies, prepared through participatory processes, were being implemented at both sites, and both teams were working to expand the scale and scope of ICM in their nation. More importantly, the project helped create committed, capable, interagency groups that continue to work together to address urgent ICM issues.     

舰艇反鱼雷技术

对目前舰艇反鱼雷技术中的非杀伤、软杀伤和硬杀伤等比较先进的手段进行了阐述,并在此基础上分析研究了舰艇反鱼雷技术的发展趋势。     

A simplified method for reliability- and integrity-based design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems

This paper presents a simplified method for the reliability- and the integrity-based optimal design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems. The design of structural systems is transitioning from the conventional methods, which are based on factors of safety, to more advanced methods, which require calculation of the failure probability of the designed system for each project. Using factors of safety to account for the uncertainties in the capacity (strength) or demands can lead to systems with different reliabilities. This is because the number and arrangement of components in each system and the correlation of their responses could be different, which could affect the system reliability. The generic factors of safety that are specified at the component level do not account for such differences. Still, using factors of safety, as a measure of system safety, is preferred by many engineers because of the simplicity in their application. The aim of this paper is to provide a simplified method for design of engineering systems that directly involves the system annual failure probability as a measure of system safety, concerning system strength limit state. In this method, using results of conventional deterministic analysis, the optimality factors for an integrity-based optimal design are used instead of generic safety factors to assure the system safety. The optimality factors, which estimate the necessary change in average component capacities, are computed especially for each component and a target system annual probability of system failure using regression models that estimate the effect of short and long term extreme events on structural response. Because in practice, it is convenient to use the return period as a measure to quantify the likelihood of extreme events, the regression model in this paper is a relationship between the component demands and the annual probability density function corresponding to every return period. This method accounts for the uncertainties in the environmental loads and structural capacities, and identifies the target mean capacity of each component for maximizing its integrity and meeting the reliability requirement. In addition, because various failure modes in a structural system can lead to different consequences (including damage costs), a method is introduced to compute optimality factors for designated failure modes. By calculating the probability of system failure, this method can be used for risk-based decision-making that considers the failure costs and consequences. The proposed method can also be used on existing structures to identify the riskiest components as part of inspection and improvement planning. The proposed method is discussed and illustrated considering offshore mooring systems. However, the method is general and applicable also to other engineering systems. In the case study of this paper, the method is first used to quantify the reliability of a mooring system, then this design is revised to meet the DNV recommended annual probability of failure and for maximizing system integrity as well as for a designated failure mode in which the anchor chains are the first components to fail in the system.     

Community-Based Management for Sustainable Fisheries Resources in Phang-nga Bay,Thailand

Fishing communities, the Government of Thailand Department of Fisheries, local nongovermnental organizations, universities, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and FAO's Bay of Bengal Program have undertaken a partnership in management of Phang-nga Bay's coastal resources. It is the first project of its kind in Thailand, and although still in the early stages, offers insights that may contribute to our knowledge of how we can improve our management of coastal resources, including the importance of (1) building relationships within the governance process; (2) combining education, enforcement, and economic incentives to achieve compliance; (3) implementing solutions early; and (4) government support of community-based decisions. These insights reinforce trends emerging in other coastal management projects in the Asian region.     

含裂纹钢板复合材料修补强度和刚度数值分析

用ANSYS有限元分析软件对复合材料补片修复含边裂纹和中心裂纹钢板的强度和刚度进行了数值分析.引入相对刚度的概念,研究了钻有止裂孔裂纹的长度对损伤钢板相对刚度的影响,分析了损伤钢板刚度复合材料贴片修补效果;引入屈服载荷提高率的概念,分析了损伤钢板强度的修复效果.     

混凝土道路、堆场面层裂缝的产生与防治

从混凝土道路、堆场的各个结构层分析裂缝产生的原因,并针对性地说明预防措施,阐述裂缝维修方法。     

单相PWM整流器的建模与仿真分析

文章详细分析了单相VSR型PWM整流器的整流原理,建立了电流内环,电压外环的单相VSR型PWM整流控制器的数学模型和逻辑框图。在MATLAB／Simulink软件环境中进行了仿真,分析了模型的可行性。