The economics of conventional liner break-bulk cargo-handling efficiency

In this paper the authors, after examining the relationships between cargo handling performance of break-bulk cargo and ship and cargo related variables, demonstrate that systematic relationships exist in general cargo systems despite the many variables that affect handling operations.     

基于条件期望的港口货物吞吐量预测模型的建立与分析

为了有效预测港口货物总吞吐量的大小,利用条件数学期望提出了港口货物总吞吐量的预测模型.由于货物总吞吐量的变化与到达港口的货运船数目以及装卸设备的工作效率有密切关系,构造一个关于到达港口的货运船数目以及装卸设备的工作能力组合而成的复合变量,货物总吞吐量是这些复合变量所表示的货物装卸量的和.应用全概理论,得到货物总吞吐量的概率分布.在此基础上,将未来货物总吞吐量看作已完成吞吐量的条件期望.利用增长函数得出港口货物吞吐量的预测模型.以山东地区某港口的货物吞吐量变化规律进行了案例分析.理论分析和案例分析均表明该模型是预测港口货物总吞吐量的有效方法.     

Research on probability distribution of port cargo throughput

In order to more accurately examine developing trends in gross cargo throughput, we have modeled the probability distribution of cargo throughput. Gross cargo throughput is determined by the time spent by cargo ships in the port and the operating efficiency of handling equipment. Gross cargo throughput is the sum of all compound variables determining each aspect of cargo throughput for every cargo ship arriving at the port. Probability distribution was determined using the Wald equation. The results show that the variability of gross cargo throughput primarily depends on the different times required by different cargo ships arriving at the port. This model overcomes the shortcoming of previous models： inability to accurately determine the probability of a specific value of future gross cargo throughput. Our proposed model of cargo throughput depends on the relationship between time required by a cargo ship arriving at the port and the operational capacity of handling equipment at the port. At the same time, key factors affecting gross cargo throughput are analyzed. In order to test the efficiency of the model, the cargo volume of a port in Shandong Province was used as an example. In the case study the actual results matched our theoretical analysis.     

件杂货码头货场装卸作业运行分析

货场作业是件杂货装卸作业的关键环节。为了提高装卸作业效率,结合件杂货码头货场装卸作业数据,对件杂货货场作业的货物种类、转场作业以及货物堆存期等进行分析和研究。分析结果显示,件杂货装卸作业中转场作业次数过多,货物堆存期过长,直接影响着件杂货装卸作业效率。提出相应的措施。     

三峡库区大型散货出口码头结构型式和装卸工艺

三峡库区具有特殊的水文地质条件，散货出口码头结构型式和装卸工艺相对落后。文章结合重庆某专用矿石出口码头的建设，提出3种适用于大型散货出口码头的结构型式和相应的装卸工艺。研究认为架空直立墩式结构及相配套的装卸工艺具有占用岸线短、使用方便、装卸效率高和造价低等优点，适宜在三峡库区大型散货出口码头建设中推广应用。     

MQ5039型双四连杆多用途门座起重机

MQ5039型双四连杆多用途门座起重机是为满足通用码头的多货种装卸要求而设计的新型门座起重机。起重机在满足码头散货装卸的要求之外,还能使用集装箱自动吊具高效吊装集装箱。提升码头通用性能,大幅提高装卸速度。     

Characteristics of low-frequency motions of ships moored inside ports and harbors on the basis of field observations

In order to understand characteristics of low-frequency motions of ships moored inside ports and harbors, analysis on actual cargo handling logbook of stevedoring services company, including events of interruption of cargo handling, and countermeasure for ship mooring problems are investigated by field observations at two ports and numerical simulation on moored ship motions. First model port concerns with interruption of cargo handling due to the low-frequency motions. Second model port relates to a resonant effect of long-period waves or harbor oscillations, and its countermeasure by mooring system. From the investigation, it is confirmed that the low-frequency motions of ships are induced by a resonance between surge motions and long-period waves or harbor oscillations and an asymmetry in the mooring system, and affect safe ship mooring and operation efficiency of cargo handling in ports and harbors significantly.     

基于固定式门式起重机的重大件码头装卸工艺

归纳常见重大件陆-水中转装卸工艺方案,在已有桥墩式工艺方案基础上,提出固定式门式起重机工艺方案,并详细介绍配置的固定式门式起重机关键技术。将固定式门式起重机工艺方案应用于某重大件码头工程实践中,取得了明显的社会和经济效益。     

液货船的装卸自动化系统设计

以典型油船为例，介绍了液货船装卸自动化所涉及的各个主要系统，分析了装卸自动化的主要功能及目前存在的主要问题，提出了计算机网络综合控制系统解决方案。     

通用杂货码头液体散货装卸工艺设计要点

在运营中,有些码头需要间隔装卸不同类别物料,在通用杂货码头也需装卸液体散货,由于液体散货具有易燃、易爆和火灾危险性等特点,其装卸工艺应根据项目情况慎重考虑。通过分析已建通用杂货码头液体散货装卸工艺的设计经验,总结设计要点,为类似工程工艺设计提供参考。     

LNG运输船气试与首次装卸操作的程序

对液化天然气接收站配合液化天然气运输薄膜船进行气试操作的操作步骤进行了重点描述.对液化天然气运输船到达LNG接收站前的低温测试项目中的安全栅氮气充填、液货舱与管线干燥、惰化、物料管线与冷工作程序和应注意的事项进行了介绍,重点描述了液化天然气运输船到达LNG接收站后的物料处理系统测试,为气体测试的关键内容,包括液化天然气运输船与LNG接收站的连接以及紧急关停系统的测试程序具体内容及操作步骤,对净化环节的LNG蒸汽温度、货舱的压力,典型操作程序,应注意的检查项目进行了描述;对冷却阶段的温度指标、操作程序及注意事项进行了描述,对冷却后的装载、海上净化、海上冷却、LNG转移和泵操作、卸载、升温以及最后的惰化和通风操作步骤进行了描述.     

The choice of ship size on deep-sea general cargo routes †

The introduction of unit load methods, particularly the cellular container system, has been associated with a large increase in ship size on some of the world's major general cargo routes. In this sector, ship size is determined by a set of interactions between handling performance, route length, traffic flow, itinerary, requirements for frequent and regular service, port costs and general system organization. This paper explores these relationships to identify major influences and to consider the prospects for further growth.     

The choice of ship size on deep-sea general cargo routes

The introduction of unit load methods, particularly the cellular container system, has been associated with a large increase in ship size on some of the world's major general cargo routes. In this sector, ship size is determined by a set of interactions between handling performance, route length, traffic flow, itinerary, requirements for frequent and regular service, port costs and general system organization. This paper explores these relationships to identify major influences and to consider the prospects for further growth.     

船级符号CCO在油船系统设计中的应用

入DNV级带有CCO船级符号的液货船,要求布置在货油区的货油系统、与货油相关的系统以及压载系统能集中管理。通过对CCO规范的研究,结合实船相关系统的设计,并与船级社审图人员深入沟通,提出满足CCO要求的设计方案,并最大限度节约船厂成本。     

船舶液货控制技术探讨

确保装载危险品的液货船安全运输与高效装卸。是此类液货船舶的关键技术之一。本文就如何运用计算机局域网的现场总线技术对液货系统进行安全监测与控制作一探讨。     

论《国际海运固体散装货物规则》的实施

文中就《国际海运固体散装货物规则》生效后,根据交通运输部海事局《关于执行<国际海运固体散装货物规则>有关事项的通知》要求,结合国内固体散装货物运输的现状,就海运固体散装货物申报、载运固体散装货物船舶申报进行了细致分析。对载运固体散装货物船舶提出了具体要求。针对检测机构,固体散装货物装、卸作业单位和海事机构监管工作提供了具有可操作性的参考。     

袋包装船机及其螺旋溜槽的研究与应用

针对沿海、沿江袋装货物的专业化装卸需要设计了一种袋包装船机,论述了其装卸工艺与结构型式,建立了刚性滑槽和柔性袋包的刚柔耦合动力学模型,仿真确定了袋包装船机的核心部件螺旋滑槽的几何参数,应用结果表明所设计的袋包装船机能够满足设计要求。     

Container ship turnaround times at UK ports

This paper looks at the relationships between ship size, handling rate and ship berth time for five major ports in the United Kingdom. The results show that there is no simple linear relationship between these variables. The causes and implications of this are discussed.     

遥控单索无动力开闭抓斗技术分析

遥控单索无动力开闭抓斗具有技术先进性和实用性,使用这种抓斗,可以起到简化装卸工艺、降低生产成本、缓解门机压力等多重作用,可以在低投入的情况下有效地提高综合性码头的散货装卸效率.     

三峡库区滚装船装卸风险识别及控制

分析影响三峡库区滚装船装卸安全的风险因素，从管理因素、人的因素、环境因素和机械因素4个方面提出了控制措施，以保障滚装船装卸作业过程中人、车、货的安全。