A maritime safety on-board decision support system to enhance emergency evacuation on ferryboats

Planning emergency evacuation operations in a proactive manner in public marine transportation systems is a critical success factor for passenger and crew safety. Despite the fact that there is a growing attention on safety issues for marine transportation systems, providing a real-time decision support for evacuation planning under different emergency conditions has not yet been addressed. In this context, this paper contributes to the related literature by providing a comprehensive methodology including simulation and statistical analysis along with a three-module decision support system (DSS) for ferryboat emergency evacuation. Emergency evacuation and fire environment are simulated via Maritime EXODUS V5.1 and SMARTFIRE V4.3, respectively. The methodology is applied to a real-life Ro-Ro ferry, and the results not only revealed significant factors on emergency evacuation performance, but also demonstrated the validity of the developed decision support system.     

基于社会力模型的邮船舱段疏散滞后性分析

针对邮船遭遇紧急事件时乘客疏散过程中的滞后问题,基于社会力模型并应用逐段分析法分析在不同情景下的人员疏散过程。计算结果表明,随着滞后时间的增长,舱室内乘客的疏散效率逐渐降低。最危险的情况是在疏散开始时滞后3个舱段,人员疏散有效时间在平均疏散时间中占比不及50%,总时间是无滞后疏散的2倍。研究方法对邮船及其他类型客船的人员疏散流线设计具有一定的参考意义。     

使用LNG燃料的开放式轮渡安全系统设计（英文）

In this feasibility study, we investigate the viability of using Liquefied Natural Gas(LNG) fuel in an open type Ro-Ro passenger ferry and the associated potential challenges with regard to the vessel safety systems. We recommend an appropriate methodology for converting existing ships to run on LNG fuel, discuss all the necessary modifications to the ship's safety systems, and also evaluate the relevant ship evacuation procedures. We outline the basic requirements with which the ship already complies for each safety system and analyze the additional restrictions that must be taken into consideration for the use of LNG fuel. Appropriate actions are recommended. Furthermore, we carry out a hazard identification study. Overall, we clearly demonstrate the technical feasibility of the investigated scenario. Minimal modifications to the ship's safety systems are required to comply with existing safety rules for this specific type of ship.     

Open-type ferry safety system design for using LNG fuel

In this feasibility study, we investigate the viability of using Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) fuel in an open type Ro-Ro passenger ferry and the associated potential challenges with regard to the vessel safety systems. We recommend an appropriate methodology for converting existing ships to run on LNG fuel, discuss all the necessary modifications to the ship’s safety systems, and also evaluate the relevant ship evacuation procedures. We outline the basic requirements with which the ship already complies for each safety system and analyze the additional restrictions that must be taken into consideration for the use of LNG fuel. Appropriate actions are recommended. Furthermore, we carry out a hazard identification study. Overall, we clearly demonstrate the technical feasibility of the investigated scenario. Minimal modifications to the ship’s safety systems are required to comply with existing safety rules for this specific type of ship.     

渤海客滚船火灾事故原因分析及管理对策

对客滚船安全管理的规律性进行研究,可以提高管理的针对性和科学性,进一步降低各种不安全因素对客滚船航行安全的影响,防止和减少客滚船事故的发生,为全面提升客滚船航行安全系数提供事实和理论分析依据。针对近年来渤海客滚船事故的种类和起因进行了较为全面的统计,对占渤海客滚船事故比例最大的火灾事故发生的原因进行了分析。在此基础上,结合日常对客滚船管理的实际经验,指出了渤海客滚船火灾事故在船舶管理、火灾预防和控制、客滚船结构设计上存在的对火灾事故的预防和控制等方面暴露出的问题,并针对这些问题提出了相应的安全管理对策。     

Safety in Greek coastal shipping: The role and risk of human factor revisited

The comprehensive analysis presented in this paper investigates the links and comparative assets between human factor and other factors that are important determinants of maritime transport risk. In this outline, the identification of factors, such as age and ship size, that can be statistically linked (i.e. statistical significance) to whether an accident in a passenger vessel can be attributed to human factor or other causes is addressed accordingly. This way, the role of human factor in relation to safety of Greek coastal shipping is revealed and the spotlight is able to focus on the various aspects and points that manifest the importance of human element in the maritime industry. The risk assessment of the transportation with Greek passenger ships is being used in order for the safety level of Greek coastal shipping to be adequately estimated. Moreover, the comparison between the values of risk for accidents caused by human factor and those attributed to other causes is an established way to bring to the fore the unbroken relationship between the human factor and marine accidents’ consequences. The paper is concluded with interesting insights and comments drafted through the aforementioned tasks.     

基于安全返港要求的大型客船电力推进系统设计

大型客船因载客数量大且密集,安全返港设计已成为其一项关键的核心设计要求。文中以某大型客船为例,结合国际海事组织的安全返港法相关要求,对该客船的电力推进系统配置和分隔布置进行设计,论述了在不超过安全界限的进水或火灾事故情况下,综合电力推进系统应如何满足安全返港设计要求。该文可为客船设计人员及客船其他相关系统的设计提供设计思路和参考。     

渤海湾客滚船安全综合评价研究

本研究运用系统工程原理,构建了渤海湾客滚船评价体系,采取模糊综合评价方法,从宏观角度对渤海湾客滚船安全进行全面评价,筛查存在的薄弱环节,提出管理对策和建议。     

安全返港要求下的客船电气设计

客船安全性长期以来备受国际海事组织关注,海安会MSC216(82)决议中也修正了SOLAS对于2010年7月1日起建造客船的相关要求。文中介绍了对应该决议要求的设计步骤及方法,对于规范的正确解读以及相应的设计方法总结给同类型船的设计者提供参考。     

Application of fuel-saving strategies onboard high-speed passenger ships

Strategies of fuel consumption onboard ships are of one of the crucial issues in marine shipping industry. Many of the relevant authorities maritime domain gave great interesting to that issue, either through research that discussed the impact of marine fuel consumption on the environment and economy of ships or through practical experiments’ that are made by marine engine manufacturers. Over the years, many solutions have been put forward to overcome this problem while maintaining the amount of goods transported globally at the same transfer rate and ship speed. The present paper sheds light on many of the methods used currently to reach this purpose. It is explained that applying a certain fuel-saving strategy will rely on some of the factors, especially the type of ship. Mainly two methods including: shore-side power and cold out of heat strategies have been investigated regarding adaption, economic, and environmental issues in case of applying onboard high-speed passenger ships.     

原木装载及安全防范

船舶装载原木,被普遍认为具有较大的危险性。本文以实际工作为基础,介绍一些关于装载原木的积载方法,提出有关操作的建议和安全防范的注意事项,以期达到船舶安全营运的目的。     

单体小水线面水翼复合型高速船应用前景探讨

该文简要介绍了单体小水线面水翼复合型高速船（HYSWAS）国内外研究概况，HYSWAS与其它高性能船比较具有航速高、耐波性好、可大型化的优点。通过海峡客运船队的论证和东亚超高速货运航线经济性分析，提出了HYSWAS用作高速客渡船和小型、高速集装箱船，具有良好的应用前景。     

《船舶水污染物排放控制标准》对辖区客运船舶生活污水的影响

《船舶水污染物排放控制标准》(GB3552-2018)(以下简称新《排放标准》)于2018年7月1日正式实施,对客运船舶的生活污水排放接收做了严格的规定。通过对新《排放标准》的研究和对相关单位部门的调研,发现辖区客运船舶生活污水处置存在新《排放标准》执行难、生活污水排放监管难、岸上接收处置难等问题和难点。建议地方政府等部门加强政策宣传、出台激励政策、加快码头生活污水接收设施建设、加强联合监管等措施,减少客运船舶生活污水非法排放,从而保护海洋环境。     

槽罐车-船的LNG加注技术分析

在LNG动力船舶加注中,槽罐车-船加注方式具有方便、快捷的优势,为推动船用LNG市场的发展提供了高效的解决方案.文章结合国内外标准和操作指引,对槽罐车-船加注技术进行了分析,探讨了2种槽罐车-船加注技术的异同,对作业现场和安全管理提出了相关要求,并建议加强标准化建设和应急演练工作,以推动船用LNG市场发展.     

“数字海事”集成信息系统探讨

探讨如何利用当今先进技术手段建设一个“数字海事”集成信息系统，以实现各相关单位共享海事信息，实现对航行船舶的动态监控，保障航行安全、保证船岸信息交流，从而保障海运交通安全通畅。     

琼州海峡客滚船的人员撤离分析

随着海上人员运输和旅游业的发展,以及对生命财产安全关注度的提高,乘客的紧急撤离作为船舶安全的最后一道保障,获得高度重视。以海安会通函MSC/Circ.1033为依据,对琼州海峡950m车道/999客海口-海安航线客滚船的脱险通道,在优化布置的基础上,考虑夜晚和白天两种工况,详细地计算和评估其撤离逃生性能,并对客船撤离系统前期的设计要点进行总结归纳。     

On the time for the abandonment of flooded passenger ships due to collision damages

The time dependency of the survivability of passenger ships in flooding accidents leading to ship’s loss is shown to be confined within short times after the flooding initiation. RoRo ferry and cruise type ships demonstrate similar behaviour, though vessel types differ with respect to the subdivision and the flooding process. The presented research is based on numerical simulations of the flooding of two sample passenger ships in collision damages and the estimation of the probability to capsize. The systematic fast character of capsize events is shown to be primarily a consequence of the extent of hull breaches. The IMO regulatory concept for orderly abandonment of damaged passenger ships, in addition to the safe return to port regulatory provisions, are discussed in view of the present results. The timely onboard damage identification by ship’s master and the enhancement of the SOLAS survivability requirements for passenger ships appear to be the most effective operational and design measures leading to improved survivability of the ship and to enhanced safety of people onboard.     

人员撤离仿真及其在船舶设计中的应用

在紧急情况下确保船上人员及时撤离是船舶安全性的最后一个环节,较好的方法是在船舶总体设计阶段进行撤离分析验证。基于《新客船和现有客船撤离分析指南》提出的高级撤离分析方法,对人员撤离仿真的概念、原理、特点作简要介绍,并通过实例说明其在船舶设计中的应用。旨在为船舶设计人员进行撤离分析提供参考,为提升船舶的安全提供建议。     

渤海湾客滚运输分析与展望

近年来随着大量新船相继投入渤海湾客滚运输，渤海湾客滚市场形势也发生了深刻的变化。通过对渤海湾客滚运输发展历程的研究、客滚运输综合情况的分析，力求发现一些当前渤海湾客滚运输中存在的问题，探求渤海湾客滚运输健康发展的趋势：     

谈客滚船发生事故时的应急措施

客滚船发生事故时,采取合理的措施以减少人员伤亡和财产损失非常重要。文中针对客滚船的结构特征和常见事故的特点,分析事故原因,提出合理处置措施,以期更好地应对事故的发生。