轴向载荷下多平面DT型管节点 应力集中系数研究

应力集中系数对于海洋平台结构中管节点的疲劳寿命评估至关重要。文章以多平面DT型管节点为研究对象,采用有限元方法分析了轴向载荷作用下沿其弦管—撑管相贯线焊缝的应力集中系数分布。在保证计算精度的前提下尽量减少网格数量,采用分区网格划分方法进行管节点建模。基于有限元分析结果,研究了不同几何形状参数对应力集中系数分布变化规律的影响,拟合得到一组应力集中系数参数公式,并通过两种相对误差验证了该参数公式的有效性。     

轴力作用下KT型管节点的应力集中系数分析

为研究平衡的轴向载荷作用下几何参数对KT型管节点应力集中的影响,通过ABAQUS软件建立81个不同几何参数的KT型管节点模型进行数值分析,获得不同参数对应力集中系数大小和分布的影响规律。结果与规范公式进行对比,验证了数模结果的准确性。对KT型管节点,参数γ、τ、θ对SCF数值大小的影响十分显著,参数β对SCF分布的影响最为显著;热点应力的位置并不是固定不变的,几何参数改变其位置有可能会转移。     

一种新的海洋平台管节点应力评估方法

海洋工程焊接管节点受应力集中及复杂随机载荷的联合作用,容易发生疲劳破坏。为了提高焊接管节点结构疲劳寿命预测的准确性,文章以管壁厚方向上的一点作为疲劳评估点,提出了一种新的管节点结构应力计算方法。通过与国际上公开发表的疲劳试验数据进行比较,证明了文中方法应用于管节点结构的可行性及考虑壁厚方向应力梯度的有效性。基于数值计算,文中还提出了可用于T型管节点应力集中系数计算的参数公式,并对参数公式的精度进行了验证。     

管节点在面内弯曲载荷下的静力与疲劳试验研究

本文介绍了一组5个大尺度T型管节点在面内弯曲载荷下进行静力和疲劳试验研究的概况。研究了热点应力范围概念及现有S－N设计方对承受面内弯曲载荷的管节点的适用性。给出了应力分析和疲劳试验的主要结果，也给出了曲型的裂纹扩展特性，并将试验结果与轴载下的试验结果进行了比较。面内弯曲载荷下的管节点，应力分布趋于均匀，应力集中系数显著下降，疲劳寿命只有随轴载的管节点的疲劳寿命的50％左右。     

浮式平台上部模块非管节点SCF控制方法

应力集中系数（Stress Concentration Factor，SCF）是评估节点疲劳损伤的重要参数。针对浮式平台上部模块非管节点的SCF控制，设计5种加强形式，采用Ansys软件对非管节点进行SCF分析。结果表明：筋板加强可有效改善面外弯矩作用下的应力集中；扣管加强对轴向力、面内弯矩和面外弯矩均具有较好的改善效果。     

海洋平台T型管节点应力集中系数研究

以具有代表性的海洋平台形管接头为例,采用有限元方法,研究接头处的应力集中系数分布.分析支管6个自由度的约束条件和受载方式,基于ABAQUS计算管节点在各种载荷下的应力分布,尤其关注几何学上的最危险地带——管筒十字交叉点处的应力集中系数,并根据6种基本情况下T形管节点的有限元计算结果,得到管节点所受到的应力最大、结构强度...     

内环加强管节点疲劳性能研究

本文对无加强和内环加强管节点的应力分布、应力集中系数和疲劳性能进行了试验研究和理论分析。研究结果表明，内环加强能大幅度降低管节点的应力集中系数，改善应力分布状况，并能较大地提高管节点的疲劳寿命。应力集中系数降低的幅度和疲劳寿命提高的程度与加强环的几何尺度有关。研究结果为改善管节点的疲劳性能及管节点的结构优化提供了理论和实践依据。     

疲劳累积损伤下海洋平台加强管节点的可靠性分析

对疲劳累积损伤下海洋平台加强管节点的强度衰减进行了分析,得到了疲劳载荷和冲剪载荷作用下加强管节点各失效模式的当量寿命。在此基础上,综合考虑了冲剪载荷和疲劳载荷的相互作用,建立了节点寿命安全余量方程,计算了节点的可靠性指标和失效概率。通过算例计算了某导管架上一加强管节点在服役一定年限后,在地震和正常服役情况下的强度可靠性,以此判断节点加强环的选择尺寸是否满足要求。分析表明,提出的分析和计算是符合工程实际的,它为加强管节点在同时考虑冲剪失效和疲劳失效作用时的可靠性分析提供了一个合理方法。     

海洋平台结构系统疲劳可靠性分析方法

本文研究了海洋平台结构系统疲劳可靠性评估方法。文中对平台结构简生管节点疲劳可靠性分析模型进行了简单的评述，在该模型的基础上，建立了用S－N曲线模型与断裂力学模型分别计算平台完好管节点及有初始裂纹管节点疲劳寿命的平告结构系统疲劳可靠性分析模型。作为一个算例，文中运用作者开发的程序系统，对一固定式导管架平台进行了疲劳可靠性计算。     

南海2号半潜式钻井平台疲劳寿命分析

本文以南海2号半潜式钻井平台对角线斜撑与水平横撑连接处的K型节点为例进行疲劳寿命分析.首先,建立整体结构有限元模型,质量模型及水动力模型,采用三维势流理论和Morison公式计算出结构所承受地波浪载荷.然后,建立K型节点的有限元细化模型,计算出的热点应力集中系数,结合从整体有限元模型计算出的总体结构应力,得到热点应力传递函数.应用谱分析方法求出结构交变应力范围及相应地循环次数,最后根据Miner线性累积损伤规则进行节点的疲劳寿命评估.     

Stress concentration factors in FRP-reinforced tubular DKT joints under axial loads

The stress concentration factors (SCFs) in uniplanar fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) DKT joints are calculated under five axial loading conditions to determine the maximum SCFs. To this end, 108 finite element models of reinforced DKT joints with different FRPs and geometrical parameters are analysed. Available experimental data and formulas are used to validate the finite element models. The validated finite element models are utilized to investigate the effects of the FRP parameters along with different geometrical parameters on the stress concentration factors in uniplanar DKT joints. The simulations show a reduction of the maximum SCF by around 40% compared to unreinforced DKT joints. The reduction effect increases significantly with increasing the FRP thickness and the number of layers. Despite the notable efficacy of the FRP sheets on the drop of the SCFs in the X-connections, there is not any study or equation on the X-joints with FRP. Therefore, a precise equation is proposed for quantifying the SCFs in X-connections with FRP and is checked against the UK DoE acceptance standard.     

Geometric stress distribution along the weld toe of the outer brace in two-planar tubular DKT-joints: Parametric study and deriving the SCF design equations

Regarding the research efforts expended so far on the calculation of stress concentration factors (SCFs) in tubular joints, two major shortcomings can be noted: (a) significant effort has been devoted to the study of SCFs in various uni-planar connections. Nevertheless, for multi-planar joints which cover the majority of practical applications, very few investigations have been reported due to the complexity and high cost involved; (b) majority of these research works focused on the study of SCFs at certain positions such as the saddle, crown toe, and crown heel, and they have ignored the hot-spot stress (HSS) at other positions along the weld toe. In the present paper, effects of dimensionless geometrical parameters on the SCF distribution along the weld toe of main (outer) braces in the axially loaded right-angle two-planar tubular DKT-joints are investigated. In order to study the multi-planar effect, SCF distribution in two-planar joints is compared with the distribution in a uni-planar joint having the same geometrical properties. A complete set of SCF database is constructed based on the two-planar DKT-joint Finite element models which are verified against experimental results and the predictions of Lloyd’s Register (LR) equations. The FE models cover a wide range of geometrical parameters. Six new SCF parametric formulae are developed through nonlinear regression analyses for the accurate and reliable fatigue design of two-planar DKT-joints under axial loads. An assessment study of these equations is conducted against the experimental data, the original FEM database and the acceptance criteria recommended by the UK Department of Energy.     

双平面焊接圆管截面DKT节点的中心撑杆鞍点及冠点位置的应力集中系数(英文)

A set of parametric stress analyses was carried out for two-planar tubular DKT-joints under different axial loading conditions.The analysis results were used to present general remarks on the effects of the geometrical parameters on stress concentration factors(SCFs) at the inner saddle,outer saddle,and crown positions on the central brace.Based on results of finite element(FE) analysis and through nonlinear regression analysis,a new set of SCF parametric equations was established for fatigue design purposes.An assessment study of equations was conducted against the experimental data and original SCF database.The satisfaction of acceptance criteria proposed by the UK Department of Energy(UK DoE) was also checked.Results of parametric study showed that highly remarkable differences exist between the SCF values in a multi-planar DKT-joint and the corresponding SCFs in an equivalent uni-planar KT-joint having the same geometrical properties.It can be clearly concluded from this observation that using the equations proposed for uni-planar KT-connections to compute the SCFs in multi-planar DKT-joints will lead to either considerably under-predicting or over-predicting results.Hence,it is necessary to develop SCF formulae specially designed for multi-planar DKT-joints.Good results of equation assessment according to UK DoE acceptance criteria,high values of correlation coefficients,and the satisfactory agreement between the predictions of the proposed equations and the experimental data guarantee the accuracy of the equations.Therefore,the developed equations can be reliably used for fatigue design of offshore structures.     

Stress concentration factors of multi-planar tubular KT-joints subjected to in-plane bending moments

Numerical research on the stress concentration factors (SCFs) in uniplanar tubular joints is abundantly reported in literature. However, it has been shown that SCF equations for uniplanar joints can lead to both under- or overestimation of the SCFs in multi-planar joints. In this paper, a parametric finite element study of 81 different three-planar KT joints subjected to five different in-plane bending loading conditions is performed. The effects of different non-dimensional geometrical parameters on the SCF values at the crown locations of the central and outer braces are studied. Based on nonlinear regression analyses of the finite element results, a new set of SCF equations is developed and presented.     

SCFs in tubular X-joints retrofitted with FRP under out-of-plane bending moment

This paper presents a parametric study on the stress concentration factors (SCFs) on the chord member in tubular X-connections reinforced with fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) under out-of-plane bending moment. For this aim, a FE model was generated and validated using several available experimental tests. After that, a set of 276 FE models was created to evaluate the effect of the FRP (layer number, orientation, and material) and joint geometry (γ, τ, and β) on the SCFs. In these FE models, the contact between the FRP sheets and the steel members (chord, weld, and braces) was modeled. Results indicated that the rise of the FRP laminate number causes a notable drop of the SCFs, especially in the connections with big γ. Moreover, the increment of the elastic modulus of FRP along the fibers causes a notable decrease of the SCF. Results showed that, for certain geometrical parameters set, the SCF in an X-connection retrofitted with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) can be down to 23% of the SCF in the associated un-retrofitted connection. Despite the notable efficacy of the FRP sheets on the drop of the SCFs in the X-connections, there is not any study or equation on the X-connections with FRP. Therefore, an equation was proposed for quantifying the SCFs in the X-connections with FRP.     

FPSO节点焊趾处的裂纹修理形状研究

对焊缝处出现的裂纹进行修理以阻止其进一步扩展,能够有效地延长FPSO焊接结构的疲劳寿命.考虑到应力集中而造成的疲劳寿命的降低,要谨慎选取修理时所采用的形状和尺寸,避免在修理后产生的表面缺陷处出现过高的应力集中.文中旨在进行三维T型焊接节点焊趾处的裂纹修理分析,为了选取合理的修理切口,首先对不同几何形状和尺寸的二维焊接修理切口,如抛物线型和椭圆型等,进行了应力集中系数的计算,并与相类似尺寸的U型切口的计算结果进行了比较.结果表明,当切口的表面半宽长于其深度时,椭圆型的裂纹修理切口具有更低的应力集中系数.随后,选择应力集中较小的椭圆型和U型切口焊接修理形状,并采用更加精确的三维有限元分析方法进行分析,给出了通过打磨等修理方式消除裂纹后得到的三维表面缺陷的应力集中系数,为工程上焊趾处裂纹的修理提供决策依据.     

对接接头焊趾应力集中有限元分析

研究焊缝几何参数对应力集中的影响,对于提高焊接结构疲劳强度有重要的意义.本文采用有限元方法,计算了双侧对称加强高和单侧加强高的对接接头焊趾处的应力集中系数,分析了几个主要参数,包括焊趾倾角、焊趾过渡圆弧半径和板厚对于应力集中系数的影响,研究了焊趾处应力集中沿板厚方向的变化情况,在分析大量计算结果的基础上给出了估算两种形式的对接接头应力集中系数的经验公式.结果表明,减小焊趾倾角,增大过渡圆弧半径,可以减缓焊趾处截面形状的变化,改善焊趾处的应力集中;板厚的增加使得应力集中系数增大.并且单侧加强高的对接接头应力集中系数小于双侧对称加强高对接接头的,其减小幅度只与θ有关.     

Stress concentration factors in tubular T/Y-connections reinforced with FRP under in-plane bending load

Stress concentration factors (SCFs) in steel tubular T/Y-connections strengthened with fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) are investigated. In the first step, a finite element (FE) model was developed and verified using data of several available experimental tests and empirical formulas. After that, 134 FE models of T/Y-joints with and without FRP were created and analyzed under in-plane bending (IPB) load. In the FE models, the contact between the FRP layers and the members (chord, brace, and weld) was defined. Results showed that the increase of the FRP layer number leads to the notable decrease of the SCFs. Also, the SCFs of a T/Y-joint reinforced with FRP can be down to 40% of the SCF of the corresponding unreinforced joint. Finally, FE results were used to propose two parametric formulas for determining the SCFs in the T/Y-joints strengthened with FRP subjected to IPB load. The proposed formulas were checked according to the UK Department of Energy acceptance criteria.     

基于stokes波浪理论的近海风电基础波浪荷载变化规律

针对近海风电基础所处的环境特点,参考实测资料,选取Stokes波浪理论,对作用在风电基础上的非线性波浪荷载进行了研究。计算得出了波浪特征参数确定时波浪的速度势函数、速度场函数和加速度场函数,通过分析其变化规律,计算出作用于基础的总波浪荷载的变化特征;在利用BP神经网络对波浪特征参数变量和周期内波浪荷载极值变量进行预测的基础上,获得了波浪荷载极值分布的概率密度函数。     

考虑随机材料、尺寸及初始缺陷的加筋板结构极限强度研究

为获得加筋板结构极限强度的统计规律,考虑结构材料、尺寸及初始缺陷的随机性（其数值可以认为是满足某种分布规律的随机量）,采用Monte Carlo结合非线性有限元进行强度的研究。在验证非线性有限元准确性的基础上,取结构尺寸、初始缺陷幅值、材料参数为随机变量,采用数值实验、最大熵法及K-S检验拟合获得极限强度的概率密度函数。结果表明,在较少样本时最大熵法可准确获得统计规律,为结构可靠性分析中复杂结构抗力模型的研究提供参考。