冰期海上溢油监测及预测技术

结合我国渤海冰期海上石油勘探开发海洋环境保护及减少潜在溢油污染的现实需求,分析目前国内外冰期溢油监测及预测技术的发展现状,探讨我国冰期溢油监测预测技术的研究方向及未来冰期溢油监测预测技术的应用。     

海事辖区无人机溢油监测巡航路径规划

针对海上溢油监视监测能力薄弱问题,提出一种海事辖区无人机溢油监测巡航优化模型与算法。基于海上溢油巡航安全高效、绿色环保和快速反应要求,考虑溢油监测点全部遍历和无人机最大航程等约束条件,以无人机监测巡航路径最短为目标函数建立海上无人机溢油监测巡航优化(MUOSMCO)模型。在传统蚁群算法的基础上,基于精英策略的局部信息素更新改进蚁群算法对MUOSMCO模型求解。仿真表明,所提模型和算法能够快速求出无人机最优溢油监测巡航路径,且溢油监测巡航服务质量和效率也得到了有效提升。研究成果为我国研制海上溢油监测系统提供理论参考。     

溢油应急监测无人机的机型选择及应用

近年来,无人机技术发展迅速,在各个行业中开展了创新应用,并取得了较好的成果。本文针对溢油事件发生地点的特殊性和突发性、状况复杂的特点,提出在溢油应急工作中使用无人机进行溢油应急监测,快速准确地掌握现场情况。通过分析溢油应急监测工作对无人机在起降场地、性能、易用性等方面的技术要求,对比不同类型无人机的特点,提出不同场景下适合溢油应急监测的无人机机型,将其应用到溢油应急监测工作中,为快速、科学的溢油应急处理提供有力支撑。     

利用雷达建立近岸海域溢油污染监测体系的探索

文章首先介绍了目前发达国家所采取的沿海溢油监测监视防范体系,分析了雷达数据在其监测监视体系中的地位和作用,然后介绍了我国在沿海溢油监测监视防范体系建设方面的现状,并分析了制约雷达数据在我国实际应用中存在的问题。利用Envisat的ASAR数据对发生在西班牙海域的溢油事件进行了半自动化的溢油油膜范围的提取,给出了处理结果,并对目前国外就雷达数据在其监视监测体系中的应用方法进行了介绍。根据国内外沿海溢油监测监视体系的现状对比和国内制约因素的分析,结合实例数据的分析处理结果,表明雷达数据在沿海溢油监测中具有突出优点,未来在我国近岸海域溢油监测体系中将得到较为广泛的应用。     

机载小型合成孔径雷达溢油遥感监测技术

基于C波段小型合成孔径雷达设备,分析小型SAR机载适配安装、小型SAR溢油遥感数据实时处理技术和小型SAR溢油监测技术,结合机载小型SAR海洋监测试验数据,进行溢油监测识别。分析表明,机载小型SAR设备对海面成像分辨率高,结合机载小型合成孔径雷达溢油遥感监测技术,可以为海洋溢油监测提供新的技术方案。     

海洋和内陆水体溢油遥感监测技术评述

近年来,水上溢油事故频繁,世界范围内每年都有大量的石油及其相关产品泄露进入海洋及内陆水体,这给周边生态造成严重破坏、环境造成严重的污染。因此,快速准确地进行溢油区域监测(包括油种识别、溢油范围监测、溢油量估算)是减少溢油事故危害的首要任务。传统的监测手段成本高、监测范围有限、易受天气影响等不足,利用遥感技术以其大尺度、可重复观测以及非接触性等优势,可以对水上溢油进行及时、全面、准确的监测。遥感技术在海洋溢油监测中已经得到了广泛的应用,但相对于海洋,内陆水体具水文环境更复杂,与人类生产生活联系更加紧密等特点,因此内陆水体的油污染的生态环境效应对人类的负面影响更加显著。目前,内陆水体溢油监测技术只是对溢油轨迹进行模拟,还未实现水上溢油目标识别。遥感技术在其中的应用尚处于起步阶段。随着遥感传感器的光谱和空间分辨率的大幅提升,以及各种遥感平台等的快速普及,使得内陆水体溢油监测逐渐成为可能,今后应加强此方面的应用研究。     

海事部门航空遥感监视监测溢油建设方案构想

即将于2010年3月1日实施的《防治船舶污染海洋环境管理条例》对溢油监视监测做出了相关规定,文中结合海事部门溢油应急及巡航监管现状,分析了开展航空遥感监视监测溢油的意义和必要性,并在对航空遥感监视监测溢油技术进行研究和充分调研的基础上,提出了基本的建设方案。     

空天协同的海上溢油监测案例分析

为获得准确全面的海洋溢油监测结果,提高海上溢油应急处置能力,应用和分析卫星和航空机载手段协同观测的溢油监测方法。以蓬莱19-3平台溢油事故为例,使用环境卫星CCD数据经最小噪声分离变换(MNF)处理后得到疑似油膜区域,利用航空高光谱数据识别油膜区域并基于面向对象分割方法提取溢油信息,通过现场获得的照片和视频等现场信息对溢油提取信息进行验证。2种手段的监测结果具有较高的一致性,多手段协同方式应用在海洋溢油监测上具有必要性和可行性。     

航空遥感监视监测溢油方案构想

结合海事部门溢油应急及巡航监管现状,分析了开展航空遥感监视监测溢油的意义和必要性,并在对航空遥感监视监测溢油技术进行研究和充分调研的基础上,提出了基本的建设方案。     

海上溢油跟踪监测系统综述

海上溢油跟踪监测软硬件技术,具备优良的海面溢油跟踪功能,为海上溢油应急行动提供准确支持。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

某海港码头的撞损修复

依据码头撞击受损区域调查检测结果,对受损构件提出合理的修复方案,为码头的安全运行提供保障。