松花江大顶子山航电枢纽船闸闸门防冰措施试验研究

松花江干流大顶子山航电枢纽是我国在平原季节性冰冻通航河流上建设的第一座航电枢纽工程。随着枢纽船闸的建成运行,闸门受冰冻的影响比较突出,但由于国内有关船闸闸门防冻防冰方面的研究很少,也没有专门的规范标准和成功的运行经验可以借鉴。文章通过现场观测、模型试验、理论分析等手段和方法对该问题进行了初步研究探讨,提出了船闸闸门的防冻防冰措施方案。     

流凌演进原型试验方法

在季节性冰冻河流开江过程中,特别是武开江,较大体积的流凌会对堤防、护岸等水工建筑物构成严重威胁,甚至可聚集成冰塞或冰坝,造成水位短时抬高,导致漫滩或决堤,造成人民生命财产的损失。为探究流凌演进规律,有效预防流凌灾害,建立了流凌演进原型试验方法,开展松花江汤原河段流凌演进原型试验研究。通过RTK测量不同模型粒子的运动轨迹和撞击护岸现象,结合当地风速测量数据,探究流场要素、风速以及河道地形对流凌运动的影响;明晰流凌撞击护岸的影响因素以及堤防可能发生破坏的地点和形式。为揭示冰坝、冰塞形成机理提供理论参考,为堤防合理布局和维护提供指导依据。     

松花江三姓浅滩丁、锁坝防冰措施研究

本文介绍了松花江三姓浅滩河段的基本冰情,分析了流冰对丁、锁坝的破坏方式和部位,根据冰对坝的破坏方式和部位.提出了三类共八种防冰措施.     

冰区四季通用灯浮在北方冰冻港口导助航中的应用及改进

1研制背景我国北方海区冰冻港口常规季节使用钢质常规灯浮,冬季更换使用导(抗)冰性能更高的冰标,以减轻流冰对灯浮的损坏。然而,冰标(Φ1. 4 m)与常规灯浮(Φ2. 4 m)相比,虽具有一定的导(抗)冰能力,但在雷达显示目标和灯浮目视效果等方面存在差距,只能满足驾引人员冰冻季节最低助航使用需求。     

堆载作用下装配式钢圆筒稳定及变形分析

针对深厚软土地基及堆载作用的复杂条件,采用装配式钢圆筒护岸结构,开展结构稳定及变形分析。首先确定合理的结构方案,并通过条分法分析护岸整体稳定性,其次采用数值模拟法分析钢圆筒在堆载作用下的变形特性,最后通过离心模型试验验证装配式钢圆筒护岸的可靠性。结果表明：在深厚软土地基条件下,利用深插式钢圆筒截断堆载作用下的深层滑动面,保障护岸的整体稳定;当堆载作用距离护岸轴线120 m时,钢圆筒顶部位移约10 cm,筒体向海侧倾斜0.09°。通过堆载距离的控制,其作用下钢圆筒变形对重要建筑物结构影响较小,为钢圆筒护岸建设提供理论支撑。     

松花江航道整治建筑物防冻防冰措施研究

分析了松花江不同整治建筑物受到的冰破坏部位和冰破坏机理,通过对国内外已有防冰措施与松花江实际应用的防冰措施进行防冰效果比较,提出了适合松花江不同类型整治建筑物采用不同材料、结构和布置形式的防冰措施,并提出了改进方法。     

冰冻地区码头结构型式及防冰措施

通过冰冻地区码头选址、结构型式调研、冰荷载计算公式与冰试验对比分析,提出了冰冻地区码头结构型式及具体防冰措施。     

锥体抗冰结构在码头主体结构中的应用

常规系缆墩由于钢管桩需要承受较大冰荷载,使得结构投资较高,通过结构优化与创新,在曹妃甸30万吨级原油码头工程中系缆墩采用锥体结构,使得流冰由抗压破坏转化为抗弯破坏,可以大大降低冰荷载,从而降低工程投资,具有较好的应用与推广价值.进一步分析了常规结构与锥体结构的优缺点,供专业设计人员参考.     

桩墩间距对冰荷载及过冰能力影响的实验研究

在我国北方的水工结构物的设计建造中,通常要考虑流冰对结构的作用,并且桩墩的间距也是被关注的内容之一。文章主要针对单闸墩、双闸墩间距以及多桩间距对冰荷载的影响进行了模型实验研究,通过定间距闸墩模型实验,以及系列桩间距的模型实验和数据分析,获得了间距对闸墩和桩的冰荷载影响的依据,并得到桩间距与冰荷载的关系曲线,可供相关人员参考。所进行的研究初步论述了浮冰在桩墩结构物前堵塞或通过的条件,并提出了有待进一步研究的新课题。     

冰激自升式钻井平台的动力响应分析

由于冰荷载研究的限制,冰区自升式钻井平台尚未形成基于动冰力响应分析的结构设计。为了合理地开展自升式平台结构的抗冰概念设计与安全评价研究,冰荷载下自升式钻井平台的动力响应分析是十分必要的。该文首先分析该类柔性结构在动冰荷载下的动力特性;其次,结合开展的自升式平台冰荷载模型实验研究,明确带齿条桩腿的自升式平台冰荷载作用形式;最后,对渤海某自升式钻井平台在典型冰况下进行冰振动力响应分析。文中的研究对冰区自升式钻井平台抗冰设计及冰振安全评估提供了合理的参考。     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

Catalyzing Coastal Management in Kenya and Zanzibar: Building Capacity and Commitment

Site-based projects were initiated in Chawka Bay-Paje, Zanzibar, and Nyali-Bamburi-Shanzu, Kenya, to demonstrate the benefits of an integrated coastal management (ICM) approach for addressing coastal issues such as tourism development and enhancement of resource-dependent village economies in eastern Africa. A two-year, multidonor project used three primary strategies to make rapid, but sustainable, progress toward ICM. These included using interagency government teams for ICM planning, adopting an internationally recognized framework for ICM as a project ''road map,'' and explicitly incorporating capacity-building strategies into all aspects of the project. Within two years, integrated ICM action strategies, prepared through participatory processes, were being implemented at both sites, and both teams were working to expand the scale and scope of ICM in their nation. More importantly, the project helped create committed, capable, interagency groups that continue to work together to address urgent ICM issues.     

A simplified method for reliability- and integrity-based design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems

This paper presents a simplified method for the reliability- and the integrity-based optimal design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems. The design of structural systems is transitioning from the conventional methods, which are based on factors of safety, to more advanced methods, which require calculation of the failure probability of the designed system for each project. Using factors of safety to account for the uncertainties in the capacity (strength) or demands can lead to systems with different reliabilities. This is because the number and arrangement of components in each system and the correlation of their responses could be different, which could affect the system reliability. The generic factors of safety that are specified at the component level do not account for such differences. Still, using factors of safety, as a measure of system safety, is preferred by many engineers because of the simplicity in their application. The aim of this paper is to provide a simplified method for design of engineering systems that directly involves the system annual failure probability as a measure of system safety, concerning system strength limit state. In this method, using results of conventional deterministic analysis, the optimality factors for an integrity-based optimal design are used instead of generic safety factors to assure the system safety. The optimality factors, which estimate the necessary change in average component capacities, are computed especially for each component and a target system annual probability of system failure using regression models that estimate the effect of short and long term extreme events on structural response. Because in practice, it is convenient to use the return period as a measure to quantify the likelihood of extreme events, the regression model in this paper is a relationship between the component demands and the annual probability density function corresponding to every return period. This method accounts for the uncertainties in the environmental loads and structural capacities, and identifies the target mean capacity of each component for maximizing its integrity and meeting the reliability requirement. In addition, because various failure modes in a structural system can lead to different consequences (including damage costs), a method is introduced to compute optimality factors for designated failure modes. By calculating the probability of system failure, this method can be used for risk-based decision-making that considers the failure costs and consequences. The proposed method can also be used on existing structures to identify the riskiest components as part of inspection and improvement planning. The proposed method is discussed and illustrated considering offshore mooring systems. However, the method is general and applicable also to other engineering systems. In the case study of this paper, the method is first used to quantify the reliability of a mooring system, then this design is revised to meet the DNV recommended annual probability of failure and for maximizing system integrity as well as for a designated failure mode in which the anchor chains are the first components to fail in the system.     

含裂纹钢板复合材料修补强度和刚度数值分析

用ANSYS有限元分析软件对复合材料补片修复含边裂纹和中心裂纹钢板的强度和刚度进行了数值分析.引入相对刚度的概念,研究了钻有止裂孔裂纹的长度对损伤钢板相对刚度的影响,分析了损伤钢板刚度复合材料贴片修补效果;引入屈服载荷提高率的概念,分析了损伤钢板强度的修复效果.     

混凝土道路、堆场面层裂缝的产生与防治

从混凝土道路、堆场的各个结构层分析裂缝产生的原因,并针对性地说明预防措施,阐述裂缝维修方法。     

舰艇反鱼雷技术

对目前舰艇反鱼雷技术中的非杀伤、软杀伤和硬杀伤等比较先进的手段进行了阐述,并在此基础上分析研究了舰艇反鱼雷技术的发展趋势。     

利比亚米苏拉塔市萨瓦瓦区5000套住宅项目中心区设计

从确定符合项目实际情况的设计原则入手,通过利比亚米苏拉塔市萨瓦瓦住宅区中心区总体布局和建筑设计两个方面的设计实践,探讨了"传统、现代与文脉"这一当今时代无法回避的文化议题。并且针对具有鲜明文化、宗教和气候特征的建筑设计的特点、方法与风格进行了总结,为今后的实践提供借鉴。     

Community-Based Management for Sustainable Fisheries Resources in Phang-nga Bay,Thailand

Fishing communities, the Government of Thailand Department of Fisheries, local nongovermnental organizations, universities, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and FAO's Bay of Bengal Program have undertaken a partnership in management of Phang-nga Bay's coastal resources. It is the first project of its kind in Thailand, and although still in the early stages, offers insights that may contribute to our knowledge of how we can improve our management of coastal resources, including the importance of (1) building relationships within the governance process; (2) combining education, enforcement, and economic incentives to achieve compliance; (3) implementing solutions early; and (4) government support of community-based decisions. These insights reinforce trends emerging in other coastal management projects in the Asian region.