“鹰式一号”波浪能发电装置研究

为了在波浪能流密度较低的中国海域开发利用波浪能,研发了具有半潜驳特征的鹰式波浪能转换装置。以成功实现了在实海况条件下的稳定运行的"鹰式一号"波浪能发电装置为实例,首先分别介绍了装置总体的三个组成部分,并指出了各部分的设计要点;其次,阐述了能量转换系统研究重点转换原理、液压自治控制器的功能;再次,通过对比传统锚泊系统与装置采用的蓄能型锚泊系统,表明后者可有效地避免锚链断裂和走锚;最后,展示了实海况试验的图片资料,分析了大量试验数据,结果表明,"鹰式一号"波浪能发电装置实现了将高频不稳定的波浪能转换为相对稳定的电能的目标。     

极浅水多体波浪能发电装置锚泊系统设计

采用三维势流理论对多体波浪能发电装置进行频域水动力计算,分析极浅水效应和多体间相互作用对单体发电装置的水动力性能的影响。利用Orcaflex软件建立多体波浪能发电装置数值模型,浮体间采用铰接进行连接,并利用弹簧单元模拟发电液压缸的弹性阻尼作用。为极浅水多体波浪能发电装置设计合理的锚泊方案,采用时域动态耦合方法进行分析,同时考虑极浅水效应、多体影响和二阶低频力,根据API规范对自存工况下的锚泊缆强度进行校核,并对确定选用的锚泊方案进行敏感性分析。通过对计算结果进行分析,发现在进行浅水多浮体锚泊设计时,低频波浪载荷、多体相互作用和海底摩擦不可忽视；对于极浅水的锚泊系统设计,Lazy wave 型锚泊形式优于传统悬链线式锚泊。上述研究工作为近海极浅水海域新型海洋能发电装置锚泊系统的设计提供了新的参考和思路。     

鹰式波浪能发电装置外形优化设计

鹰式波浪能发电装置的外形对提高俘获效率有重要影响。该装置由鹰式吸波浮体、半潜驳载体和液压式能量转换系统这3部分组成。论文对半潜驳载体设计了4种外形方案,通过力学分析,建立运动方程,并开展了不同海况下的数值计算,获得各个方案下装置的最优俘获宽度比和能量转换系统阻尼。研究结果表明,根据鹰式波浪能发电装置投放地点珠海万山海域的海洋环境波浪能特性,采用带有挡浪墙、导浪凸台部件的组合方式,具有俘获效率高的优点和极端海况下的自我保护功能。     

极浅水多体波浪能发电装置锚泊系统设计

采用三维势流理论对多体波浪能发电装置进行频域水动力计算,分析极浅水效应和多体间相互作用对单体发电装置的水动力性能影响。利用Orcaflex软件建立多体波浪能发电装置数值模型,浮体间采用铰接进行连接,并利用弹簧单元模拟发电液压缸的弹性阻尼作用。为极浅水多体波浪能发电装置设计合理的锚泊方案,采用时域动态耦合方法进行分析,同时考虑极浅水效应、多体影响和二阶低频力,根据API规范对自存工况下的锚泊缆强度进行校核,并对确定选用的锚泊方案进行敏感性分析。分析计算结果发现:在进行浅水多浮体锚泊设计时,低频波浪载荷、多体相互作用和海底摩擦不可忽视;对于极浅水的锚泊系统设计,Lazy wave型锚泊形式优于传统悬链线式锚泊。研究工作为近海极浅水海域新型海洋能发电装置锚泊系统的设计提供了参考和新思路。     

离岸式波浪能发电装置锚泊系统研究

基于国内外关于波浪能发电装置的锚泊系统研究现状,介绍了锚泊系统的组成、结构形式的分类以及相关的研究方法,并分析各自的优缺点,综合国内外关于波浪能发电装置的锚泊系统的实例,丰富了锚泊系统的设计基础知识,有利于掌握国内外关于波浪能发电装置的锚泊系统方面的最新研究动态,形成科学的系统的设计方案。     

离岸式波浪能发电装置锚泊系统研究进展

基于国内外关于波浪能发电装置的锚泊系统研究现状,介绍了锚泊系统的组成,结构形式的分类以及相关的研究方法,并分析各自的优缺点,综合国内外关于波浪能发电装置的锚泊系统的实例,丰富了锚泊系统的设计基础知识,有利于掌握国内外关于波浪能发电装置的锚泊系统方面的最新研究动态,形成科学的系统的设计方案。     

南海极浅水下浮式平台锚泊系统数值计算和模型试验对比

依托南海近岛礁地形,设计了一套悬链线式平台锚泊定位系统。通过数值计算结果和模型试验结果进行对比,分析该锚泊系统的定位能力。试验模拟了各种风浪流等海洋条件,详叙了模型试验的具体过程。通过对比分析数值计算和模型试验的统计数据,分析数据差异的原因,以期较为准确地预报该半潜平台作业时的运动和受力情况,同时也验证了所设计锚泊系统的可行性,为今后新平台和新锚泊方式的开发设计提供依据。     

鹰式波浪能发电装置水动力学性能分析及优化

根据牛顿第二定律,对鹰式波浪能装置多个浮体进行了力学分析,基于微波理论,通过每个浮体之间三种模态的运动耦合,建立了流体力、阻尼力、铰接力、静水回复力等内外力之间的力学方程组。通过以运动浮体为边界条件求解多个浮体的水动力学参数,代入方程组中计算求得最优外加阻尼和最优俘获宽度比,从而优化设计方案,得到此时各浮体在纵荡、垂荡和纵摇三种运动模态下的位移幅值,以及阻尼力、铰接力、液压缸运动速度等相关参数。研究成果为鹰式波浪能装置的设计及制造提供了理论参考和依据。     

菱形式风电运维生活平台锚泊系统设计研究

海洋平台需要通过锚泊系统长期锚泊于使用固定地点，来削弱外部环境载荷的作用。针对菱形式风电运维生活平台特点及黄海海域特定的海洋环境，根据设计要求，对菱形平台锚泊系统选型，分析环境载荷，提出四种系泊布置方案，给出四种系泊布置方案导缆孔位置坐标，运用静力分析的方法确定锚泊参数，得出四种方案锚固点位置，初步确定两种锚泊系统方案，对初定的两种方案锚泊线张力进行研究，最后统计分析校核锚泊线张力以得到最终的锚泊方案。并提出锚泊系统设计进一步的优化方法，为今后相关平台锚泊系统的设计提供理论依据。     

渔船节能技术中潮流能发电的应用设计

本文介绍了现有的节能方法,提出在渔船锚泊时应用潮流能发电技术.研究设计了潮流能发电系统中的水轮机、发电机及调节器.这一设计解决了渔船在锚泊时用传统柴油机做原动机供电带来的资源浪费与环境污染问题,同时也解决了一些锚泊船用蓄电池来维持供电时供电时间短的问题.     

系泊系统对波能发电装置动力响应的影响

[目的]为了设计造价合理、性能高效的系泊系统,研究不同系泊系统对波能发电装置(WEC)的能量摄取(PTO)能力和定位性能的影响.[方法]选择一典型的两刚体点吸式WEC装置为研究对象,采用WEC-Sim和MoorDyn开源代码设计两类系泊系统,一类采用锚链,另一类采用锚链和聚酯缆绳所组成的混合缆.通过对这两类系泊系统进行...     

两类锚泊系统在漂浮式双体浮动式波能转换装置垂荡运动状态下的性能（英文）

This work investigated the influence of two types of mooring systems on the hydrodynamic performance of a two-body floating wave energy converter(WEC). It also investigated the effects of the physical parameters of the mooring system on the amount of extractable power from incident waves in the frequency domain. The modeled converter comprised a floating body(a buoy), a submerged body with two mooring systems, and a coupling system for two bodies. The coupling system was a simplified power take-off system that was modeled by a linear spring-damper model. The tension leg mooring system could drastically affect the heave motion of the submerged body of the model and increase relative displacement between the two bodies. The effects of the stiffness parameter of the mooring system on power absorption exceeded those of the pretension tendon force.     

双浮体波浪能装置的振荡和能量转换特性研究（英文）

In this study, we investigated the hydrodynamic and energy conversion performance of a double-float wave energy converter(WEC) based on the linear theory of water waves. The generator power take-off(PTO) system is modeled as a combination of a linear viscous damping and a linear spring. Using the frequency domain method, the optimal damping coefficient of the generator PTO system is derived to achieve the optimal conversion efficiency(capture width ratio).Based on the potential flow theory and the higher-order boundary element method(HOBEM), we constructed a threedimensional model of double-float WEC to study its hydrodynamic performance and response in the time domain. Only the heave motion of the two-body system is considered and a virtual function is introduced to decouple the motions of the floats. The energy conversion character of the double-float WEC is also evaluated. The investigation is carried out over a wide range of incident wave frequency. By analyzing the effects of the incident wave frequency, we derive the PTO's damping coefficient for the double-float WEC's capture width ratio and the relationships between the capture width ratio and the natural frequencies of the lower and upper floats. In addition, it is capable to modify the natural frequencies of the two floats by changing the stiffness coefficients of the PTO and mooring systems. We found that the natural frequencies of the device can directly influence the peak frequency of the capture width, which may provide an important reference for the design of WECs.     

基于Star-CCM+的摆式波浪能装置水动力性能研究（英文）

A two-dimensional numerical Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) model is established on the basis of viscous CFD theory to investigate the motion response and power absorption performance of a bottom-hinged flap-type wave energy converter(WEC)under regular wave conditions. The convergence study of mesh size and time step is performed to ensure that wave height and motion response are sufficiently accurate. Wave height results reveal that the attenuation of wave height along the wave tank is less than 5% only if the suitable mesh size and time step are selected. The model proposed in this work is verified against published experimental and numerical models. The effects of mechanical damping, wave height, wave frequency, and water depth on the motion response, power generation, and energy conversion efficiency of the flap-type WEC are investigated. The selection of the appropriate mechanical damping of the WEC is crucial for the optimal extraction of wave power. The optimal mechanical damping can be readily predicted by using potential flow theory. It can then be verified by applying CFD numerical results. In addition, the motion response and the energy conversion efficiency of the WEC decrease as the incident wave height increases because the strengthened nonlinear effect of waves intensifies energy loss. Moreover, the energy conversion efficiency of the WEC decreases with increasing water depth and remains constant as the water depth reaches a critical value. Therefore, the selection of the optimal parameters during the design process is necessary to ensure that the WEC exhibits the maximum energy conversion efficiency.     

Performance of Two Types of Mooring Systems in the Heave Motion of a Two-body Floating Wave Energy Converter

Journal of Marine Science and Application - This work investigated the influence of two types of mooring systems on the hydrodynamic performance of a two-body floating wave energy converter (WEC)....     

漂浮式潮流电站系泊系统疲劳性能预报(英文)

As a kind of clean and renewable energy,tidal current energy is becoming increasingly popular all over the world with the shortage of energy and environmental problems becoming more and more severe.A floating tidal current power station is a typical type of tidal current power transformers which can sustain the loads of wind,waves,and current,and even the extreme situation of a typhoon.Therefore,the mooring system must be reliable enough to keep the station operating normally and to survive in extreme situations.The power station examined in this paper was installed at a depth of 40 m.A 44 mm-diameter R4-RQ4 chain was chosen,with a 2 147 kN minimum break strength and 50 kN pretension.Common studless link chain was used in this paper.Based on the Miner fatigue cumulative damage rule,S-N curves of chains,and MOSES software,a highly reliable mooring system was designed and analyzed.The calculation results show that the mooring system designed is reliable throughout a 10-year period.It can completely meet the design requirements of American Petroleum institution(API).Therefore,the presented research is significant for advancing the design of this kind of power station.     

波浪能供电航标转换效率的实验研究

采用可再生能源中的波浪能为航标供电,是解决航标供能的有效方式。本文以为航标供电的振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置为研究对象,开展不同工况及负载对振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置转换效率影响的研究,确定最高效率下波浪能装置的各类参数值。通过物理模型试验结果表明,获得的最佳效率点在T=2.5s时,H=104mm,转换效率最大为35%。振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置的能量转换效率受负载影响较小,受波浪要素中波高和周期的影响较大,特别是受波高周期比影响较大。本试验结果对优化振荡水柱式波浪能发电装置的方向提供指导意义,有助于进一步研究。     

单柱式浮式风力机动力响应数值与试验分析

以200 m作业水深的5 MW OC3单柱式浮式风力机为研究对象,采用FAST程序对其在不同海况下的运动进行全耦合时历数值计算,并与采用1∶50缩尺比模型试验所得时历结果进行对比,通过时域以及频域方法对平台主要自由度运动以及系泊拉力进行分析。研究发现:垂向运动带来的自由面记忆效应较纵向和横向小;悬链线式模型所能提供的系泊拉力较张紧式系泊提供的拉力小;风浪联合作用下,风载荷主要激励低频固有频率运动,波浪载荷则主要激励波频运动;平台纵荡和纵摇运动受系泊系统的影响较大,而垂荡运动则不受系泊系统的影响。