风力助航在船舶航行中的优化建模研究

首先介绍风力助航船舶航行优化的原理,从原理出发描述燃料最省的航行路线模型建立方法,并且通过实验仿真说明风力助航船舶航线与风向和航速有关。在此基础上通过优化准则得到最优的目标函数,实现了风力助航船舶的最优路径。     

船舶航线规划数学建模及求解的人工智能算法

航线规划结果优劣直接影响船舶航行的安全以及成本,而当前船舶航线规划算法存在难以获得最优规划方案的缺陷。以获得理想的船舶航线规划方案为目标,提出一种人工智能算法的船舶航线规划方法。首先分析船舶航线规划研究的进展,设计船舶航线规划的约束条件,并建立船舶航线规划的数学模型,然后采用人工智能算法中的遗传算法模拟适者生存机制对船舶航线规划的数学模型进行求解,最后进行了船舶航线规划仿真实验。结果表明,人工智能算法能够在短时间内搜索到最优的船舶航线规划方案,相同条件下,相对于其他算法,不仅可以提高找到最优船舶航线规划方案的成功率,而且搜索到的船舶航线规划方案具有十分显著的优越性。     

船舶物流最佳航线智能选择算法研究

传统船舶物流航线的选择算法能够完成单批次、点对点船舶物流航线的确定,但针对多批次、多目的地、不同海洋运输环境的物流运输,传统船舶物流航线选择算法无法计算。为此提出船舶物流最佳航线智能选择算法研究。依托antcb数学模型控制k取值范围,构建理想状态下船舶物流航线的统计算法;扩展外在因素影响算法,对对渠道最佳航线计算进行动态修订,构建船舶物流最佳航线选择原则,完成船舶物流多点式最佳航线智能选择计算。通过实验表明,设计船舶航线智能选择算法比传统航线算法平均航线适用率提升68.93%,适合不同环境、多变量情况下最佳航线智能选择。     

连续施工水域船舶航线规划

主要研究海上施工分布较为密集且各个施工点的影响范围较大,各个施工点的影响范围相互交织而形成的连续型施工水域。对施工作业的影响区域建立危险度模型,为连续施工水域中的船舶航线规划建立航线规划数学模型。建立以航线总长度最短和路径危险度值最小为目标的非线性多目标航线规划数学模型。由于在连续施工水域中,航线规划的数学模型是非线性多目标的数学模型,为更合理地评价各条航线,还建立航线评价模型。根据航线评价模型求得通过连续施工水域的最优航线。     

自适应模糊控制在船舶操纵中的应用

随着世界范围内远洋航运和内河航运业的迅猛发展,航线变得更加复杂,货物运输量也越来越大,这些对船舶的操作性能提出了更高的要求。本文主要针对远洋运输船舶的操纵性能,系统介绍自适应模糊控制算法和神经网络控制算法,建立船舶运动的数学模型,并利用控制算法和数学模型对船舶的操纵系统进行设计和优化。     

船舶操纵运动智能控制的实时仿真研究

本文以“mariner”型船为例，建立了外界干扰下的船舶操纵运动数学模型，并将模糊控制理论应用于船舶操纵运动自适应控制，如用该船型可以对船舶在各种风，流状态的运动性能进行仿真，同时选用不同的模糊控制参数建立相应的合理的模糊控制规则，可以实现船舶在风，海流条件下保持航向，航线以及改变航向，航线的模糊控制仿真。     

中燃:管理提升进行时

企业只有积极顺应市场的形势和变化,突破旧有的思维模式和经营模式,进行管理模式和服务模式的创新,才能更好地实现可持续的发展,全面提升综合竞争力。为此,中燃系统开展了一系列卓有成效的自我诊断管理提升。中国船舶燃料有限责任公司(以下简称中燃)是全国最大的水上船舶燃料供油企业,也是全国唯一一家为国际航线航行船舶供应保税油的企业,     

沿海内贸集装箱班轮航线优化研究

随着沿海内贸集装箱运输市场的快速发展,各大班轮公司如何把船舶安排到最佳航线上,使有限的船舶资源创造最大的经济利益,成为各大公司研究的课题。根据沿海几大干线港口之间的运量需求,建立非线性规划与整数规划相结合的混合模型,选择典型航线建立运输网络,并对其进行优化。该数学模型可应用于解决我国沿海内贸集装箱船舶运输航线配置问题,进而实现利润最大。     

环保

三星重工和韩进联合研发能源管理系统韩国三星重工和韩进海运将联合进行集成能源管理系统的研发,以便系统的对船舶能源消耗进行管理和分析,减少高达15%的燃料消耗。船舶集成能源管理系统能对影响燃料效率的因素进行监测、分析和管理,如航线、发动机与推进能力、污染排放等等,以实现燃料消耗的最小化。集成系统还将高端技术和航线优化、装饰优化、能源效率运行指数(EEOI)监测与分析、船舶港口服务等相结合。集成系统将于2013年5月在韩进一艘正在三星重工建造的4600TEU集装箱船上安装,在2016年底前完成装船测试。瓦锡兰压载水管理系统获IMO型式批复船舶业领先的方案和服务提供商瓦锡兰于2012年12月21     

船舶模拟器在引江济汉通航工程与长江交汇口布置中的应用

对采用船舶操纵模拟器进行通航建筑物平面布置优化的方法进行了论证,建立了代表船舶的操纵运动数学模型,并根据国家规范对代表船舶的操纵性进行了率定。用船舶操纵模拟器对引江济汉通航工程与长江交汇口的平面设计方案进行了研究,结果表明设计方案下代表船舶在交汇口的最大通航上限流量仅为15 000 m3/s,不满足设计要求。优化方案加大了上下游连接段的弯曲半径,进而提高了上下游航线的转弯半径,减小了航线上的横流,使船舶有足够的空间调顺船位。     

集装箱码头物流路径优化研究

根据集装箱码头的工艺流程,提出了集装箱码头物流路径优化模型。该模型以集卡行走里程最短为目标,在满足集装箱堆场堆存要求和船舶装卸作业要求的情况下,求解集卡最优行走路径。算例计算表明,该优化模型可为码头管理者提供一定决策帮助。     

The comparison of general cargo ship economic performance by simulation

Cargo ship designs offered by shipbuilders differ in characteristics such as deadweight, speed, fuel consumption and cargo equipment. The best vessel for high freight markets and high fuel prices may not be the best for low freight markets and low fuel prices. A model has been developed to compare by simulation a number of multi-purpose general cargo vessels suitable for the trade of a Turkish shipowner. The model simulates the operation of each vessel under a variety of operating scenarios, e.g. fuel prices and freight profiles over the ships' lives, and estimates the distribution of resulting net present values. The techno-economic simulation model incorporates variables including ship size, speed, first cost, fuel consumption, load factor and port days.

Results are presented for six standard vessels of around 20 000 dwt operating over a long and a short route. Although the ranking of the six varies with assumptions, one design is shown to be superior under most operating conditions.     

Sail-assisted motor vessels weather routing using a fuzzy logic model

In this study sail-assisted motor vessels weather routing is investigated to establish the most economical route by applying available information of the ship's behavior regarding the encountered sea-conditions. To derive the vessel’s fuel use on a route, a fuzzy logic model is constructed through an automated identification process. Only data collected from actual integrated bridge measurements systems is used. Fuzzy modeling is a framework providing a flexible and transparent mathematical structure to describe the physical relationships in a vessel's behavior. This consumption model is integrated into a determinist weather-routing optimization workflow based on a systematic meshing scheme of the sailing area. Pareto-optimization with a multi-objective genetic algorithm is used to maximize fuel economy in a limited or optimum time. The benefits of the developed decision helping tool in sail-assisted motor vessel routing are highlighted on a westbound north Transatlantic journey.     

双燃料船机舱火灾爆炸故障树分析（英文）

In recent years, China's increased interest in environmental protection has led to a promotion of energy-efficient dual fuel(diesel/natural gas) ships in Chinese inland rivers. A natural gas as ship fuel may pose dangers of fire and explosion if a gas leak occurs. If explosions or fires occur in the engine rooms of a ship, heavy damage and losses will be incurred. In this paper, a fault tree model is presented that considers both fires and explosions in a dual fuel ship; in this model, dual fuel engine rooms are the top events. All the basic events along with the minimum cut sets are obtained through the analysis.The primary factors that affect accidents involving fires and explosions are determined by calculating the degree of structure importance of the basic events.According to these results, corresponding measures are proposed to ensure and improve the safety and reliability of Chinese inland dual fuel ships.     

Fault tree analysis of fire and explosion accidents for dual fuel (diesel/natural gas) ship engine rooms

In recent years, China’s increased interest in environmental protection has led to a promotion of energy-efficient dual fuel (diesel/natural gas) ships in Chinese inland rivers. A natural gas as ship fuel may pose dangers of fire and explosion if a gas leak occurs. If explosions or fires occur in the engine rooms of a ship, heavy damage and losses will be incurred. In this paper, a fault tree model is presented that considers both fires and explosions in a dual fuel ship; in this model, dual fuel engine rooms are the top events. All the basic events along with the minimum cut sets are obtained through the analysis. The primary factors that affect accidents involving fires and explosions are determined by calculating the degree of structure importance of the basic events. According to these results, corresponding measures are proposed to ensure and improve the safety and reliability of Chinese inland dual fuel ships.     

Liner shipping service optimisation with reefer containers capacity: an application to northern Europe–South America trade

Increasing the number of vessels in a container liner service while reducing speeds, known as slow steaming strategy, has been a short-term response since 2008 to the challenges of over-capacity and the rise in bunker prices faced by shipping lines. This strategy, which reduces the fuel cost per voyage but increases the operating costs as more vessels are added to the service, is difficult to sustain when the transit time significantly affects the transportation demand. This article proposes a model applied to this situation, referred to as a case of optimal speed under semi-elastic demand, for which containerised perishable product transport is sensitive to time, while frozen and dry products are not. It investigates if slow steaming is still optimal when working to maximise the total profit on the cycle. In order to demonstrate the proposed model, a numerical application is carried out for a direct Northern Europe to East Coast of South America container service, a route selected due to the high volume of fresh products. For this application, the speed that maximises the total profit with inelastic and semi-elastic demand is then estimated for several bunker fuel prices.     

概率燃油舱保护计算在NAPA中的实现

介绍了NAPA中的MANAGER工具,编写了MARPOL 12A.PROB MANANGER程序用以实现NAPA对概率燃油舱保护的计算功能,极大地提高了计算的准确性和快速性。还阐述了如何在NAPA中自动拾取燃油舱与船体外板之间最小横向距离。     

基于能效管理的船舶航速系统优化设计

在目前航运业市场低迷、运力过剩的境况下,航运企业愈发重视对燃油成本的控制,对航速节油也有了更多的要求.为此,提出基于能效管理的船舶航速系统优化设计,计算船舶营运的经济航速.并结合航次的航线、航向、航速及每段航线的天气、水文等信息,对船舶营运航速的模型进行不断优化调整,指导船舶航行,为船舶及船岸操作提供决策支持,以达到优化节能的目的.     

Ship resistance when operating in floating ice floes: Derivation,validation, and application of an empirical equation

With the effects of global warming, the Arctic is presenting a new environment where numerous ice floes are floating on the open sea surface. Whilst this has improved Arctic shipping navigability in an unprecedented way, the interaction of such floes with ships is yet to be understood to aid the designing of ships and route planning for this region. To further explore this topic, the present work develops a procedure to derive an empirical equation that can predict the effects of such floes on ship resistance. Based on a validated computational approach, extensive data are extracted from simulations of three different ships with varying operational and environmental conditions. The ice-floe resistance is shown to strongly correlate with ship beam, ship buttock angle, ship waterline angle, ship speed, ice concentration, ice thickness and floe diameter, and the regression powers of each of the parameters on resistance are ascertained. This leads to a generic empirical equation that can swiftly predict ice-floe resistance for a given ship in a given condition. Subsequently, demonstrations are given on the incorporation of the derived equation into a set of real-time Arctic ship performance model and voyage planning tool, which can predict a ship's fuel consumption in ice-infested seas and dynamically suggest a route with the least safety concern and fuel consumption. Moreover, the equation is validated by providing ice resistance prediction for experimental and full-scale conditions from multiple sources, showing high accuracy. In conclusion, the empirical equation is shown to give valid and rapid estimates for ice-floe resistance, providing valuable insights into ship designs for the region, as well as facilitating practical applications for polar navigation.     

基于实船数据的船舶航速与油耗优化建模

为获得水路运输中船舶的最佳航速,实现燃油效率的最大化,以长江航线货运船的航速、燃油等真实监测数据为基础,提出一种新的船舶航速与油耗优化模型。模型包括白箱模型(White-Box Model,WBM)和黑箱模型(Black-Box Model,BBM)两个部分:WBM由改进后的物理方程和数学公式组成;BBM是BP(Back Propagation)神经网络。两者结合成新的灰箱模型(Grey-Box Model,GBM)。通过分析船舶航行过程中影响船舶燃油消耗的多种因素,确定WBM参数,分别用串联和并联的方式将白箱与BP网络结合构建船舶航速与油耗优化模型,采用牛顿-拉普森迭代算法进行求解。计算结果表明:优化模型可在选定的航段内找到最佳的指导航速,并且模型的R2达到了0.945。此外,将建立的模型与单一的WBM进行对比验证,所建立的船舶航速与油耗优化模型得到的最佳航速更加精确,整体误差也从0.130减小到0.071。