声传输进结构-声腔耦合舱室空间的主动控制策略和机理研究(英文)

An analytical study was presented on active control of sound transmission into a vibro-acoustic enclosure comprising two flexible plates. Two types of actuators were used, i.e. acoustic actuator and distributed lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric (PZT) actuator instead of point force actuator. Using the modal acoustic transfer impedance-mobility matrices, the excitation and interaction in the coupled sound transmission system can be described with clear physical significance. With the control system designed to globally reduce the sound field, different control system configurations were considered, including the structural actuator on the incident plate, actuator on the receiving plate, acoustic actuator on the cavity, and their combinations. The effectiveness and performance of the control strategy corresponding to each system configuration were compared and discussed. The role and control mechanism of each type of actuator were of particular interest. It was shown that the incident plate actuator is effective in controlling the cavity-dominated modes and the structural modes dominated by the incident plate and receiving plate. Two main control mechanisms are involved in this control configuration, i.e., modal suppressing and modal rearrangement. For control system configuration with only acoustic actuator in the enclosure, the mechanism involved in this arrangement is purely modal suppression. Desirable placements of structural actuators in terms of total potential energy reduction were also discussed.     

运用弹性理论研究有限长圆柱壳声辐射的一个通用方法(英文)

A general method was proposed to study the sound and vibration of a finite cylindrical shell with elastic theory.This method was developed through comprehensive analysis of the uncoupled Helmholtz equation obtained by the decomposition of elastic equations and the structure of the solution of a finite cylindrical shell analyzed by thin shell theory.The proposed method is theoretically suitable for arbitrary thickness of the shell and any frequency.Also,the results obtained through the method can be used to determine the range of application of the thin shell theory.Furthermore,the proposed method can deal with the problems limited by the thin shell theory.Additionally,the method can be suitable for several types of complex cylindrical shell such as the ring-stiffened cylindrical shell,damped cylindrical shell,and double cylindrical shell.     

Characteristics and calculation method of sound radiation of cylindrical shell with porous sound-absorbing material under acoustic excitation北大核心CSCD

［Objective］This paper aims to study the characteristics and calculation method of the vibration and sound radiation of single ring-stiffened cylindrical shells with porous fiber composite materials installed in the inner wall under acoustic excitation. ［Method ］ Based on the equivalent fluid theory model of Johnson–Champoux–Allard (JCA) and the transfer matrix of the multilayer medium, a theoretical formula of the sound absorption coefficient of multilayer sound absorption structures is derived. The three methods for calculating the vibration and sound radiation of a single ring-stiffened cylindrical shell with porous fiber materials under acoustic excitation, namely acoustic solid modeling of porous media, finite element model combined with theoretical formula and imposition of impedance boundary on sound absorption coefficient, are then verified and compared. Finally, the influences of sound-absorbing material's thickness, backed-air gap, static flow resistance, and material arrangement order on the acoustic absorption performance of the cylindrical shell are investigated. ［Results］The results show that laying porous fiber composite materials on the cylindrical shell internally can reduce the vibration and acoustic radiation of cylindrical shell structure. The sound absorption coefficient curve can quickly and effectively predict the resulting trend of the vibration and sound radiation of the cylindrical shell. ［Conclusion］The acoustic absorption performance of sound absorption structures can be effectively improved through the rational design of their properties and arrangement order of the sound-absorbing materials in order to achieve the purpose of vibration and noise reduction. © 2023 Chinese Journal of Ship Research. All rights reserved.     

Sanders中长圆柱壳理论及其在海洋工程中的应用(英文)

The cylindrical shell is one of the main structural parts in ocean engineering structures.These cylinders are mostly of medium length,which means that the radius of the cross section is significantly smaller than the length of the cylindrical shell.From the viewpoint of the shell theory,they belong to the mid-long cylindrical shell category.To solve mechanical problems on this kind of structure,especially a cracked cylindrical shell,analysis based on shell theory is necessary.At present the generally used solving system for the mid-long cylindrical shell is too complicated,difficult to solve,and inapplicable to engineering.This paper introduced the Sanders’ mid-long cylindrical shell theory which reduces the difficulty of the solution process,and will be suitable for solving problems with complicated boundary conditions.On this basis,the engineering applications of this theory were discussed in conjunction with the problem of a mid-long cylindrical shell having a circumferential crack.The solution process is simple,and the closed form solution can usually be found.In practical engineering applications,it gives satisfactory precision.     

Fast Prediction of Acoustic Radiation from a Hemi-capped Cylindrical Shell in Waveguide

In order to predict acoustic radiation from a structure in waveguide, a method based on wave superposition is proposed, in which the free-space Green＇s function is used to match the strength of equivalent sources. In addition, in order to neglect the effect of sound reflection from boundaries, necessary treatment is conducted, which makes the method more efficient. Moreover, this method is combined with the sound propagation algorithms to predict the sound radiated from a cylindrical shell in waveguide. Numerical simulations show the effect of how reflections can be neglected if the distance between the structure and the boundary exceeds the maximum linear dimension of the structure. It also shows that the reflection from the bottom of the waveguide can be approximated by plane wave conditionally. The proposed method is more robust and efficient in computation, which can be used to predict the acoustic radiation in waveguide.     

一种改进的海洋平台结构损伤诊断方法研究(英文)

In the exploitation of ocean oil and gas, many offshore structures may be damaged due to the severe environment, so an effective method of diagnosing structural damage is urgently needed to locate the damage and evaluate its severity. Genetic algorithms have become some of the most important global optimization tools and been widely used in many fields in recent years because of their simple operation and strong robustness. Based on the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the structure, the damage diagnosis of a jacket offshore platform is attributed to an optimization problem and studied by using a genetic algorithm. According to the principle that the structural stiffness of a certain direction can be greatly affected only when the brace bar in the corresponding direction is damaged, an improved objective function was proposed in this paper targeting measurement noise and the characteristics of modal identification for offshore platforms. This function can be used as fitness function of a genetic algorithm, and both numerical simulation and physical model test results show that the improved method may locate the structural damage and evaluate the severity of a jacket offshore platform satisfactorily while improving the robustness of evolutionary searching and the reliability of damage diagnosis.     

Topology optimization of core structure of titanium alloy sandwich cylindrical shell北大核心CSCD

［Objectives］ As a new type of pressure-resistant structure, the titanium alloy sandwich cylindrical shell has not yet been studied comprehensively. The topology of the core layer needs to be confirmed using the optimization method. This paper carries out the core topology optimization of titanium alloy pressure-resistant sandwich cylindrical shells.［methods］An unreinforced cylindrical shell with high thickness is selected as the analysis object, and the axisymmetric element is used to calculate the structural stresses via ANSYS. The cylindrical shell is divided into the upper, middle and lower regions along the thickness direction. The structures of the middle region are set as the design variables, and a two-stage topology optimization mathematical model of its core structure is proposed. Based on Matlab, the main control program of the genetic algorithm is established to carry out the core layout optimization of the unreinforced cylindrical shell along the axial direction only and both the axial direction and radial direction respectively.［results］The optimal core topological form consists of equidistant ribs connecting the inner shell and outer shell vertically.［Conclusions］A sandwich cylindrical shell under hydrostatic pressure is a reasonable pressure-resistant structure. © 2023 Authors. All rights reserved.     

阻振质量对结构振动与声辐射的影响分析(英文)

Based on wave theory, blocking mass impeding propagation of flexural waves was analyzed with force excitation applied on a ship pedestal. The analysis model of a complex structure was developed by combining statistical energy analysis and the finite element method. Based on the hybrid FE-SEA method, the vibro-acoustic response of a complex structure was solved. Then, the sound radiation of a cylindrical shell model influenced by blocking mass was calculated in mid/high frequency. The result shows that blocking mass has an obvious effect on impeding propagation. The study provides a theoretical and experimental basis for application of the blocking mass to structure-borne sound propagation control.     

The bending vibration response and approximate calculation of elastic cylindrical shell

Useful structure characteristics of elastic cylindrical shells have led them to being widely applied in virtual projects, so it is important to conduct vibration research on the shells and find it＇s a simpler corresponding compact calculation method. Utilising the input and transfer point mobility of a thin plate structure, a theoretical expression of the cylindrical shell＇s bending vibration responsewas deduced and numerical simulations were done to simplify the theoretical expression within an acceptable error margin, greatly reducing the amount of computations. Furthermore, whole vibration response distributions of the cylindrical shell were analyzed. It was found thathe vibration energy propagates in helical form under mono-frequency excitation, while under bandwidth frequency excitation, it attenuates around in term of fluctuation. The axial attenuation rate of the vibration energy is larger than the circumferential attenuation rate.     

带不确定动态的欠驱动水面船舶鲁棒自适应路径跟踪控制(英文)

A robust adaptive control strategy was developed to force an underactuated surface vessel to follow a reference path,despite the presence of uncertain parameters and unstructured uncertainties including exogenous disturbances and measurement noise.The reference path can be a curve or a straight line.The proposed controller was designed by using Lyapunov’s direct method and sliding mode control and backstepping techniques.Because the sway axis of the vessel was not directly actuated,two sliding surfaces were introduced,the first one in terms of the surge motion tracking errors and the second one for the yaw motion tracking errors.The adaptive control law guaranteed the uniform ultimate boundedness of the tracking errors.Numerical simulation results were provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed controller for path following of underactuated surface vessels.     

水下双层圆柱壳全频段声振特性研究

为研究水下双层圆柱壳结构全频段声振特性,基于VA-ONE建立了FE-BEM混合法、FE-SEA混合法及SEA法3种不同的计算模型,进行了不同辐射介质中辐射声功率及外壳振速的计算,并进一步研究了内外壳及肋板厚度、约束条件、激励位置及层间流体对双层圆柱壳声辐射特性的影响;基于FE-BEM混合法研究了圆柱壳结构的声散射特性;研究了肋板在结构振动能量传递中的作用,提出了2种阻尼肋板的减振降噪方案并进行相关仿真分析.结果表明:重流体能够抑制结构的振动,但由于重流体声阻抗较大,结构的辐射声功率变大;结构声散射曲线在某些频率处出现峰值,且峰值频率与结构自身的固有特性有关;阻尼肋板能得到较好的减振降噪效果,工程上建议使用金属聚氨酯阻尼肋板.     

水下纵肋加强圆柱壳低频振动与声辐射

采用模态叠加法建立了水下纵肋加强圆柱壳振动与声辐射计算模型,其中纵肋的建模采用了Timoshenko梁理论,且考虑了纵肋的径向弯曲、周向弯曲、轴向纵振动和扭转振动。与仅考虑纵肋径向弯曲振动的传统建模方法相比,文中计算结果与有限元解吻合更好。分析了光壳和纵肋加强圆柱壳的振动模态、壳面均方振速和辐射声功率,给出了纵肋对圆柱壳低频振动与声辐射的影响规律。结果表明,加入纵肋后圆柱壳产生了新的振动模态;在低频段某些频率附近,壳体振动有所增强,但高频振动被明显降低;加入纵肋后,圆柱壳在低频段辐射声功率会出现许多新的峰值,峰的数量随纵肋数目增加而逐渐减少,在更高频段上加入纵肋后辐射声功率明显降低。     

加筋圆柱壳结构振动与辐射噪声关系分析

采用传递函数法和声传递矢量(ATV)得到了加筋圆柱壳从结构测点加速度到声场测点声压的声辐射传递函数,以及结构测点加速度到辐射声功率之间的传递函数。通过对两个加筋圆柱壳结构的振动与辐射噪声关系的数值分析,讨论了结构测点加速度与辐射噪声之间的相互关系,结果表明结构测点加速度与辐射声功率和辐射声压之间并非单调关系。     

不同流场中双层圆柱壳层间声振传递特性研究

采用解析法研究了不同流场中双层圆柱壳层间声振传递特性。壳体的振动用Flügge壳体方程描述,将加强构件等价为对内外壳体的支持力,最后求解双壳体声—流体—结构耦合方程,计算结果用表面振动均方速度级、辐射声功率和辐射效率的形式表示。在数值分析部分,讨论了有限长双层圆柱壳壳间连接形式的变化、壳间及外部流场的变化对其声辐射性能的影响,得到结论是在中低频段,当内壳受激振动,通过外壳向外场辐射噪声时,其主要通道为连接内外壳壳体的实肋板,其次才是环形流场中的流体介质。     

带有凹陷的环肋圆柱壳水下声振特性分析

为研究凹陷对环肋圆柱壳水下振动与声辐射的影响,采用结构有限元耦合流体边界元方法,通过FOR TRAN代码计算流体附加质量和附加阻尼,用DMAP代码将附加质量和附加阻尼矩阵同结构质量和结构阻尼矩阵叠加,实现了流固耦合计算,得到了在不同凹陷范围、凹陷深度、凹陷位置,以及力作用点与凹陷的相对位置时,圆柱壳的水下均方法向速度级和辐射声功率级频响曲线。分析结果表明:当力的作用点不在凹陷位置时,凹陷对圆柱壳的水下振动与辐射噪声影响很小,可以忽略;当力的作用点在凹陷位置时,带有凹陷的圆柱壳水下均方法向速度级和辐射声功率级的分贝值明显高于无凹陷时的情形,曲线峰值相差达4 dB。因此,在对带有凹陷的环肋圆柱壳进行试验研究时,应尽量避免激励力作用在凹陷位置,这样得到的结果会更准确。     

肋板与流体的耦合对水下双壳体声辐射的影响

以水下双层圆柱壳为研究对象,采用结构有限元耦合流体边界元的附加质量、附加阻尼算法,计算各工况下分别忽略和考虑层间实肋板与内域流体耦合作用这2种情况下结构的振动与声辐射,并从均方法向速度级和辐射声功率级这2个方面分析讨论壳间肋板与内域流体耦合作用对水中双层圆柱壳振动与声辐射的影响。结果表明：壳间肋板与流体耦合作用对水下双层圆柱壳振动与声辐射影响很小。壳间肋板数量越多,厚度越薄,内壳半径越小,肋板与内域流体的耦合作用对结构的振动与声辐射的影响则越小。     

外壳板采用纵骨加强的双层加肋圆柱壳水下声辐射分析

建立了外壳板加纵骨的双层加肋圆柱壳水下声辐射计算方法，计算模型采用Donnell壳体理论，考虑了环肋、舱壁和实肋板对内外圆柱壳的径向、切向、纵向反作用力以及纵向反弯矩，利用傅氏变换和模态展开在波数域建立了计算模型的声弹耦合控制方程。推导了所有结构部件以及水介质的速度阻抗表达式，采用数值计算方法在波数域求解出径向振动速度，利用稳相法得到远场辐射声压。研究表明，如果纵骨沿圆周均匀排列，则纵骨的存在不导致圆柱壳周向模态耦合，纵骨加强的双层圆柱壳水下声辐射计算可以大大筒化。采用文中方法研究了环频率以下外壳板加纵骨的双层加肋圆柱壳水下声辐射特性，计算表时：在较低的频率段，外壳板采用纵骨加强使双层加肋圆柱壳水下辐射声压增大；增大纵骨刚废，结构辐射声压也相应增大；纵骨间距对双层加肋圆柱壳水下声辐射影响比较复杂，辐射声压谱随纵骨间距变化较大，而总声级变化不明显。     

水下双层圆柱壳辐射声场欠定分离评估方法研究

水下双层加筋圆柱壳振动和辐射声场的评估对其辐射噪声监测和控制具有重要工程意义。文中通过结构振动模态参与因子向量自身的稀疏特性,分析提出了一种基于结构振动的辐射噪声欠定分离评估方法,可实现有限振动测点情况下的水下复杂结构振动和辐射声场的有效评估。数值和试验结果验证了文中方法的有效性,且所需要的振动测点数目少,具有良好的工程适用性。     

焊接残余应力对环肋圆柱壳水下声辐射影响研究

文章重点研究了焊接残余应力对环肋圆柱壳水下声辐射的影响。通过运用热弹塑性有限元法数值模拟环肋圆柱壳对接焊接过程,得到厚板环形焊缝的三维残余应力场和应变场,然后对含有残余应力的环肋圆柱壳动力特性进行研究,并运用有限元法和边界元法分析了低频激励下其水下声辐射的特点。研究结果表明焊接残余应力对环肋圆柱壳声辐射有较明显的影响,不仅使声辐射功率曲线和外场声压曲线向低频移动,而且使在大部分激励频率上含有焊接残余应力结构的声辐射功率和外场声压均大于无焊接残余应力结构。     

基于相位共轭方法识别结构表面法向振速

基于相位共轭方法对平板和水下圆柱壳辐射声场的识别进行了数值仿真计算,得到结构表面声压分布后,通过两种方法识别结构的法向振速:一种方法给出结构在声场中的位置和尺寸,基于声压梯度计算法向振速;另一种方法根据结构表面阻抗关系计算法向振速。数值计算结果表明:基于声压梯度计算法向振速时,能得到法向振速幅值的大致分布,该方法计算简单,适用于无法得到声源表面阻抗关系的情况;而引入结构表面阻抗关系则能得到更加准确的识别结果。