基于复合权重TOPSIS的船舶性能综合评价法

针对船舶性能评价中存在的问题,根据目前主观赋权法与客观赋权法各自的特点,提出了复合权重的概念,将TOPSIS法应用到船舶性能的评价上来,建立了基于复合权重TOPSIS的船舶性能综合评价方法。该方法运用复合权重法确定指标权重,更准确地反映了各评价指标的重要程度,并根据计算得到的各评价对象的相对接近度来对船舶性能进行综合评价。实例应用结果表明该方法可以有效地解决多目标多指标的系统评价问题,提高了船舶性能评价的可靠性,为科学的评价船舶性能提供了一种新的有价值的参考。     

基于离差最大化方法的船舶操纵性综合评价

将离差最大化方法应用到船舶操纵性综合评价中,引入加权向量和规范化决策矩阵,考虑各个操纵指标的权重和规范化决策矩阵对操纵性评价的影响,建立船舶操纵性综合评价体系,阐述该方法的构造原理和操作步骤。选取两个试验船模作为评价对象,以回转角速度、相对回转直径、初转期、第一超越角和第二超越角作为操纵性评价指标,分别求取两船模的操纵性评价指标的加权向量和规范化决策矩阵,并对计算得到的综合评价指标进行了分析,其结果与船模K,T,P指数一致,可以将离差最大化方法用于船舶操纵性综合评价中。     

浮式钻井天车型升沉补偿系统摇摆装置设计方案优选

针对浮式钻井天车型升沉补偿系统钢丝绳摇摆装置设计方案选择问题,综合运用层次分析法、变异系数法、灰关联分析和TOPSIS法,研究浮式钻井天车型升沉补偿系统摇摆装置设计方案优选方法。运用层次分析法和变异系数法确定摇摆装置设计方案评价指标的主客观权重,再运用相对熵原理构建一种指标综合权重的计算模型。综合运用灰关联分析和TOPSIS法,建立一种基于相对熵加权-灰色TOPSIS的浮式钻井钻柱天车型升沉补偿系统摇摆装置设计方案优选方法。该优选法原理简单,使用方便,能够较好地解决浮式钻井天车型升沉补偿系统钢丝绳摇摆装置设计方案优选问题。     

基于组合赋权与TOPSIS的极地探险娱乐设备选型

针对极地冲锋舟的选型要考虑多种因素、主观判断难以得出最优方案的问题,提出了基于组合赋权与优劣解距离法(TOPSIS)的设备选型方案.该方法通过组合赋权的方式实现对评价指标的赋权:首先根据相关的极地法规、法案及船级社的要求,建立了包含设备性能、经济性、携带便利性和顾客体验指标4个方面的选型指标体系;然后运用决策试验与评价实验室(DEMATEL)主观赋权法与熵权法(EWM)客观赋权法相结合的方式对指标体系进行组合赋权;最后采用TOPSIS计算备选方案与理想方案的相对接近度.计算结果表明:该方法降低了设备选型的盲目程度,即决策者在设备选型的过程中能够选出符合需求的最优方案,对极地探险娱乐设备的选型具有一定的指导意义.     

基于改进TOPSIS法的军事物流设施选址决策研究

在分析传统TOPSIS法的基础上,提出一种基于改进TOPSIS法的多属性效用决策方法,即用次理想解和次负理想解替代传统TOPSIS法中的理想解和负理想解,分别比较各方案与次理想解和次负理想解的距离,并用效用函数求解距离的效用,从而对各方案进行排序,以选取最优方案.最后,通过计算实例及其分析,证明该方法的有效性及合理性.     

石化码头泊位规模选择的TOPSIS模型

TOPSIS是一个求解多属性决策问题的典型方法。介绍了石化码头泊位规模方案确定及TOPSIS优选模型,计算模型的正、负理想解;根据相似度定义了各方案到正理想解和负理想解的距离,得出各方案的相对贴近度,以某港为例验证了模型的有效性,为港口建设决策提供理论参考。     

基于TOPSIS的惠州荃湾港区石化码头泊位扩建规模优选

TOPSIS(逼近理想解的排序方法)是求解多属性决策问题的一个典型方法。根据此法,提出了惠州荃湾港区石化码头泊位扩建规模方案及TOPSIS优选模型,得到模型的正、负理想解。根据相似度定义了各方案到正理想解和负理想解的距离,得出各方案的相对贴近度,从而得到该港区石化码头泊位扩建规模最佳方案;为该港区石化码头建设规模决策提供理论参考。     

基于AHP-TOPSIS的装备维修保障能力多级综合评估方法

根据装备维修保障原则,运用层次分析法构建装备维修保障能力指标模型,确定指标的权重,经过一致性检验后获得多级综合权重。然后,对多个保障方案逐个指标进行专家打分,将打分结果与权重按TOPSIS的方法进行规范化后得到最小理想点,按照与最小理想点的相对接近度对装备保障方案作出综合评价。仿真试验分析表明了该方法的有效性,可为装备维修保障方案的制定提供决策指导。     

自升式钻井平台方案评价指标体系及评价方法研究(英文)

本文对白升式钻井平台的方案评价指标体系和评价方法进行了研究,提出了一套适用于自升式钻井平台的方案评价指标体系,并采用改进的灰关联分析法进行平台方案的优选,初步分析和计算实例表明,该评价指标体系和评价方法是适用和可靠的.通过对联分析方法进行改进,建立了适用于自升式钻井平台方案选优的灰关联多目标综合评价模型,该模型在灰关联分析的基础上引进层次分析法计算各指标的权重值,既在一定程度上考虑了设计方案各指标间的关联性,反应了事物的客观本质,又能体现船东的主观偏好和设计者的设计需要.同时该方案评价指标体系和评价方法具有拓展性,可应用于其它类型的移动式平台,作为方案选择时的参考依据.     

基于模糊理论的船舶复合碰撞危险度计算

基于船舶领域和动界的概念,在船舶碰撞几何原理的基础上,利用模糊规则和模糊综合评价方法,本文提出一种船舶复合碰撞危险度的计算方法.确定最近会遇距离(DCPA)、最近会遇时间(TCPA)、两船距离、相对方位、船速比5个主要因素的隶属度函数,并考虑航行区域状况、能见度情况和船舶的操纵性能等对船舶碰撞危险度的隶属度函数修正.用原始数据对3种不同会遇态势进行仿真和对3种不同碰撞危险度计算结果分析比较,结果表明该方法的有效性.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

Catalyzing Coastal Management in Kenya and Zanzibar: Building Capacity and Commitment

Site-based projects were initiated in Chawka Bay-Paje, Zanzibar, and Nyali-Bamburi-Shanzu, Kenya, to demonstrate the benefits of an integrated coastal management (ICM) approach for addressing coastal issues such as tourism development and enhancement of resource-dependent village economies in eastern Africa. A two-year, multidonor project used three primary strategies to make rapid, but sustainable, progress toward ICM. These included using interagency government teams for ICM planning, adopting an internationally recognized framework for ICM as a project ''road map,'' and explicitly incorporating capacity-building strategies into all aspects of the project. Within two years, integrated ICM action strategies, prepared through participatory processes, were being implemented at both sites, and both teams were working to expand the scale and scope of ICM in their nation. More importantly, the project helped create committed, capable, interagency groups that continue to work together to address urgent ICM issues.     

A simplified method for reliability- and integrity-based design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems

This paper presents a simplified method for the reliability- and the integrity-based optimal design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems. The design of structural systems is transitioning from the conventional methods, which are based on factors of safety, to more advanced methods, which require calculation of the failure probability of the designed system for each project. Using factors of safety to account for the uncertainties in the capacity (strength) or demands can lead to systems with different reliabilities. This is because the number and arrangement of components in each system and the correlation of their responses could be different, which could affect the system reliability. The generic factors of safety that are specified at the component level do not account for such differences. Still, using factors of safety, as a measure of system safety, is preferred by many engineers because of the simplicity in their application. The aim of this paper is to provide a simplified method for design of engineering systems that directly involves the system annual failure probability as a measure of system safety, concerning system strength limit state. In this method, using results of conventional deterministic analysis, the optimality factors for an integrity-based optimal design are used instead of generic safety factors to assure the system safety. The optimality factors, which estimate the necessary change in average component capacities, are computed especially for each component and a target system annual probability of system failure using regression models that estimate the effect of short and long term extreme events on structural response. Because in practice, it is convenient to use the return period as a measure to quantify the likelihood of extreme events, the regression model in this paper is a relationship between the component demands and the annual probability density function corresponding to every return period. This method accounts for the uncertainties in the environmental loads and structural capacities, and identifies the target mean capacity of each component for maximizing its integrity and meeting the reliability requirement. In addition, because various failure modes in a structural system can lead to different consequences (including damage costs), a method is introduced to compute optimality factors for designated failure modes. By calculating the probability of system failure, this method can be used for risk-based decision-making that considers the failure costs and consequences. The proposed method can also be used on existing structures to identify the riskiest components as part of inspection and improvement planning. The proposed method is discussed and illustrated considering offshore mooring systems. However, the method is general and applicable also to other engineering systems. In the case study of this paper, the method is first used to quantify the reliability of a mooring system, then this design is revised to meet the DNV recommended annual probability of failure and for maximizing system integrity as well as for a designated failure mode in which the anchor chains are the first components to fail in the system.     

含裂纹钢板复合材料修补强度和刚度数值分析

用ANSYS有限元分析软件对复合材料补片修复含边裂纹和中心裂纹钢板的强度和刚度进行了数值分析.引入相对刚度的概念,研究了钻有止裂孔裂纹的长度对损伤钢板相对刚度的影响,分析了损伤钢板刚度复合材料贴片修补效果;引入屈服载荷提高率的概念,分析了损伤钢板强度的修复效果.     

混凝土道路、堆场面层裂缝的产生与防治

从混凝土道路、堆场的各个结构层分析裂缝产生的原因,并针对性地说明预防措施,阐述裂缝维修方法。     

舰艇反鱼雷技术

对目前舰艇反鱼雷技术中的非杀伤、软杀伤和硬杀伤等比较先进的手段进行了阐述,并在此基础上分析研究了舰艇反鱼雷技术的发展趋势。     

利比亚米苏拉塔市萨瓦瓦区5000套住宅项目中心区设计

从确定符合项目实际情况的设计原则入手,通过利比亚米苏拉塔市萨瓦瓦住宅区中心区总体布局和建筑设计两个方面的设计实践,探讨了"传统、现代与文脉"这一当今时代无法回避的文化议题。并且针对具有鲜明文化、宗教和气候特征的建筑设计的特点、方法与风格进行了总结,为今后的实践提供借鉴。     

Community-Based Management for Sustainable Fisheries Resources in Phang-nga Bay,Thailand

Fishing communities, the Government of Thailand Department of Fisheries, local nongovermnental organizations, universities, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and FAO's Bay of Bengal Program have undertaken a partnership in management of Phang-nga Bay's coastal resources. It is the first project of its kind in Thailand, and although still in the early stages, offers insights that may contribute to our knowledge of how we can improve our management of coastal resources, including the importance of (1) building relationships within the governance process; (2) combining education, enforcement, and economic incentives to achieve compliance; (3) implementing solutions early; and (4) government support of community-based decisions. These insights reinforce trends emerging in other coastal management projects in the Asian region.