班轮公司信誉的模糊评价

班轮公司信誉是班轮公司经营状况的某种抽象反映，是货主对班轮公司的综合评价。经常对班轮公司信誉进行定性和定量分析，根据信誉的变化来制定企业规划与决策，就成为班轮运输经营分析人员必须掌握的一种技能。对班轮运输公司信誉进行定性分析，也是对班轮公司素质进行剖析，确定班轮公司素质和运输服务信誉之间的内在联系。定量分析是建立在定性分析的基础上，将班轮公司信誉与素质之间的内在联系用数学方法进行定量讨论，并以综合评价方法对企业信誉进行定量分析。 一、班轮公司信誉论域和权集 论域是指研究对象的范围、空间。班轮运输信…     

枢纽港无法挂靠下集装箱流恢复策略

集装箱海上运输对港口和海上运输环境极其敏感,集装箱班轮运输船舶和挂靠的港口容易受到多种不确定性事件干扰。本文站在集装箱班轮运输公司的角度,在操作层研究当枢纽港受到干扰事件而无法挂靠时,班轮公司的集装箱流恢复问题。本文引入替代枢纽港和多种运输方式(公路、铁路、海上运输)的选择,以集装箱流恢复成本最小为目标函数,建立整数非线性规划模型,通过Lingo求全局最优解。结果表明本文建立的模型能为班轮公司提供科学的决策支持,减轻干扰事件对班轮公司的不利影响,提高了班轮公司服务质量以及降低班轮公司的操作成本。     

加强对海运附加费法律监管的建议

正海运附加费指班轮公司为弥补其在经营过程中发生的额外成本而向货主收取的除基本海运费之外的费用。~([1])在国际集装箱班轮运输业务操作中,往往难以准确预计燃油、汇率等成本,将这些成本单列并以海运附加费的形式收回有助于班轮公司控制经营风险。自2001年班轮公司开始向我国货主收取码头作业费以来,业内关于规范海运附加费的呼声不断,特别是在当前国际集装箱班轮运输市场运力过剩、运价低迷的情况下,海运附加费占总运费(包含基本海运费和海运附加费)的比重不断     

集装箱班轮物流战略框架刍议

集装箱班轮运输为现代物流的发展提供了重要支持和有益的经营理念。集装箱班轮公司应当利用自身优势，逐步转变为以海上班轮运输主业为依托的综合物流服务商。能否制订和实施与时俱进的班轮物流战略，是对集装箱班轮公司的经营管理能力和生存竞争能力提出的一大考验。     

集装箱班轮运输市场的集中度分析

近年来,国际集装箱班轮运输业的市场集中程度日益提高。本文运用绝对集中度指标从班轮公司运力方面对国际集装箱班轮运输业市场集中度的演变过程进行深入分析,并对国际集装箱班轮运输业的市场结构进行了初步探讨。     

集装箱船舶大型化对中国班轮运输的影响

通过竞争情报分析提供了各班轮公司未来船队结构和运力的变化趋势,由此观察到各班轮公司为了降低自身的营运成本,在最近几年大量订购超巴拿马型甚至更大型的集装箱船舶参与运输,但是却不能达到其预期的规模效应。原因就在于相当一部分成本随着船型的增大而线性增加,规模不经济。我们探讨了中国的班轮运输市场的几个重要特点:中外贸易的不平衡导致了货源的不平衡;未来贸易结构的调整会影响航线的布局和调派;贸易上的不稳定因素使班轮公司遇到外在的风险。这些特点会深远地影响集装箱船舶大型化的经济受益,相反的,集装箱船舶大型化的趋势也会加剧这些负面的影响,危及整个班轮运输市场。     

集装箱班轮运输公司优化波罗的海 支线运输网络研究

近年来,波罗的海区域进出口贸易持续频繁,集装箱进出口箱量逐年增加,增速明显,已成为各班轮公司重点关注的市场。本文对波罗的海区域市场环境、航线情况进行分析,探索集装箱班轮运输公司构建波罗的海区域自有支线运输网络的商业价值,提升全程供应链服务能力,更好地实现集装箱班轮运输公司全球化与规模化发展。     

基于博弈论的集装箱班轮公司定价策略

以博弈论的基本理论和经典案例为基础,建立班轮公司定价策略的博弈模型,进而分析班轮公司之间在制定运价策略上的相互影响和博弈结果,并对不同情况下的博弈定价策略提出看法。研究表明,班轮公司之间的博弈对其班轮运价产生显著影响,特别是在当前全球金融危机扩散的背景下,博弈对班轮公司制定运价的重要性尤为突出,成本应始终是班轮博弈定价的核心导向。     

班轮业的综合物流发展

从杂货船的非班轮运输方式．到1818年黑球班轮公司揭开班轮运输的序幕．再到集装箱的出现以及集装箱船的诞生，班轮市场发生了一场革命，其成果是多式联运的兴起。当然，随着综合物流概念的盛行．作为重要运输方式的班轮业也顺应了这股潮流。     

班轮战略联盟不稳定性分析与对策

指出班轮公司战略联盟虽逐步走向成熟,但是战略联盟并非十分稳定。分析班轮运输联盟不稳定性的主要原因,并提出相应的防范措施。     

An application of centralized data envelopment analysis in resource allocation in container terminal operations

This paper presents an application of centralized data envelopment analysis (CDEA) to analyse the performance of a number of container terminals supervised by one liner shipping company. It provides a systematic and centralized perspective of resource reallocation based on one company’s perspective. The numerical results show that two of the five dedicated terminals are, by and large, efficient, but the other three need resources to be reallocated. Under the minor adjustment scenario, the liner shipping company should reduce the aggregated amount of the labour cost and the hauling equipment should be transferred to different terminals in America. Under the major adjustment scenario, both the labour and hauling equipment could be reduced.     

Optimizing shipping company operations using business process modelling

In order to identify the elements constituting quality in services, a business process modelling methodology has been applied in the case of a Greek liner shipping company. The company operations have been identified and analysed in order to assess the complete performance of service elements and thereafter identify how to match the service performance against the user requirements. A liner container service within Europe has to compete with the road transport which, in many cases, is an alternative to the sea transportation and not complementary to it. Thus, not only the ship has to be envisaged when aiming to improve quality in services but also the whole chain, namely port authorities, land transportation enterprises, subcontractors, agents, charterers and others. A set of potential improvements within this framework are thus suggested and time and cost (examined in a specific voyage scenario) are measured before and after the implementation of these measures. Very large time and cost savings are observed after the application of the technology improvements, allowing, in fact, the shipping company to even increase the number of round trips per year in the examined route. This indicates that very large benefits can be drawn by analysing and critically adjusting business processes in modern shipping companies.     

Optimizing shipping company operations using business process modelling

In order to identify the elements constituting quality in services, a business process modelling methodology has been applied in the case of a Greek liner shipping company. The company operations have been identified and analysed in order to assess the complete performance of service elements and thereafter identify how to match the service performance against the user requirements. A liner container service within Europe has to compete with the road transport which, in many cases, is an alternative to the sea transportation and not complementary to it. Thus, not only the ship has to be envisaged when aiming to improve quality in services but also the whole chain, namely port authorities, land transportation enterprises, subcontractors, agents, charterers and others. A set of potential improvements within this framework are thus suggested and time and cost (examined in a specific voyage scenario) are measured before and after the implementation of these measures. Very large time and cost savings are observed after the application of the technology improvements, allowing, in fact, the shipping company to even increase the number of round trips per year in the examined route. This indicates that very large benefits can be drawn by analysing and critically adjusting business processes in modern shipping companies.     

A reactive container rerouting model for container flow recovery in a hub-and-spoke liner shipping network

This paper focuses on the container rerouting due to a disruption, aims at making the optimal container flow recovery plan for the affected liner shipping company. First, we make the initial effort to bring up with a basic framework of disruption management for liner shipping. Second, we present a compact integer linear programming model for addressing the container rerouting problem under the proposed framework in a hub-and-spoke liner shipping network, based on a given recovery vessel schedule that determines to omit a port of call. Other shipping companies’ services and other modes (roadway, railway, and airline) as candidate alternative means to transport the miss-connected containers are also incorporated in the proposed model. The container flow recovery plan would select the optimal alternative paths for the miss-connected containers balancing the trade-off between container transport costs and delivery delay penalty costs. Finally, a case study from a global liner shipping company is investigated and the computational results indicate the model can be solved effectively and efficiently for the real-scale problem. Thus, the proposed approach in this paper can supply real-time decision support tool for the liner shipping operators on handling the process of container flow recovery.     

An optimal containership slot allocation for liner shipping revenue management

In the competitive liner shipping market, carriers may utilize revenue management systems to increase profits by using slot allocation and pricing. In this paper, related research on revenue management for transportation industries is reviewed. A conceptual model for liner shipping revenue management (LSRM) is proposed and a slot allocation model is formulated through mathematical programming to maximize freight contribution. We illustrate this slot allocation model with a case study of a Taiwan liner shipping company and the results show the applicability and better performances than the previous allocation used in practice.     

An optimal containership slot allocation for liner shipping revenue management

In the competitive liner shipping market, carriers may utilize revenue management systems to increase profits by using slot allocation and pricing. In this paper, related research on revenue management for transportation industries is reviewed. A conceptual model for liner shipping revenue management (LSRM) is proposed and a slot allocation model is formulated through mathematical programming to maximize freight contribution. We illustrate this slot allocation model with a case study of a Taiwan liner shipping company and the results show the applicability and better performances than the previous allocation used in practice.     

Empty container reposition planning for intra-Asia liner shipping

This paper addresses empty container reposition planning by plainly considering safety stock management and geographical regions. This plan could avoid drawback in practice which collects mass empty containers at a port then repositions most empty containers at a time. Empty containers occupy slots on vessel and the liner shipping company loses chance to yield freight revenue. The problem is drawn up as a two-stage problem. The upper problem is identified to estimate the empty container stock at each port and the lower problem models the empty container reposition planning with shipping service network as the Transportation Problem by Liner Problem. We looked at case studies of the Taiwan Liner Shipping Company to show the application of the proposed model. The results show the model provides optimization techniques to minimize cost of empty container reposition and to provide an evidence to adjust strategy of restructuring the shipping service network.     

Korean liner shipping in the era of global alliances

In the course of the last two decades Korean shipping has emerged as a major player in the liner market. In 1970 there was not a single container ship in the Korean fleet; yet, within the next two decades, shipping companies from Korea have become included among the top 10 liner operators in the world, in the context of a spectacular ascent of Asian companies in international container shipping. During the same period the organization of liner shipping itself underwent major changes. In the 1970s and 1980s, pools and powerful consortia prevailed, maximizing frequency and optimizing fleet deployment under pressure from the high investment entailed by containerization. The era of consortia, however, came to a close in the early 1990s; intermodalism and the expansion of the major liner companies into forward and backward segments of the transport chain rendered them inflexible for pursuing individual strategies of product diversification with a view to larger market shares. Global alliances were finally born as a result of a major reshuffling of co-operation agreements and of the globalization of the production process on the demand side. The aim of this paper is to follow and assess the options available to an aggressive low-cost national fleet in its journey to competitive maturity through a period of changing organization of liner shipping, focusing on the course of the leading Korean container company, and one of the largest in the world today, Hanjin. It highlights at the same time both the deep structural changes which liner shipping has undergone in the last two decades and the effects of current changes, such as the recent wave of mergers in this sector.     

Verifying liner Shipping Alliance’s stability by applying core theory

The core is a vital concept in cooperative game theory and has been widely used in analyzing alliance’s stability. It is especially interesting to apply core theory in liner shipping market due to the latter’s exceptional characteristic of non-homogeneous cost curves as well as divisible and fluctuant demand. Having observed some new phenomena and trends in the industry, this paper studies the economic performance and stability of liner shipping alliance by applying core theory where business cooperation is partly realized by delivering joint-service with mega container ships. To demonstrate the core situation in liner shipping alliance, a cost function is first identified on the basis of two assumptions regarding cooperation: 1) sharing or pooling vessels and 2) deploying mega container ships if needed. Taking cost functions as basis, two conditions of approaching core may be groomed, i.e., collective rationality and individual rationality. The first condition is discussed from the perspective of market, while the second condition is studied within the alliance. Stability of liner shipping alliance is then observed based on these two conditions. An illustrative case study is conducted in order to show some implications and explicitly clarify the theory.