船舶振动响应计算中螺旋桨脉动压力的模拟方法研究

严重的船舶振动不仅影响船舶的居住舒适性,也是导致船体结构发生疲劳破坏及降低船舶设备仪表使用精度和寿命的元凶,因此在船舶设计阶段必须充分考虑船舶振动问题.文章基于某支线集装箱船,重点研究了船舶有限元振动响应计算中螺旋桨脉动压力的模拟方法;基于螺旋桨空泡试验测得的脉动压力和螺旋桨脉动压力的分布规律,提出3种不同的脉动压力模拟方法;通过对比研究不同模拟方法计算结果的差异,最终确定一种快速、高效且准确的螺旋桨脉动压力有限元模拟方法;应用该螺旋桨脉动压力模拟方法对某支线集装箱船进行全船振动响应分析,以实现船舶振动预报控制.经实船试航振动测试验证,该船振动性能良好.     

新型高效、低振动螺旋桨

船舶向肥大型化、高速化方向发展,船舶主机功率剧增,螺旋桨激振力引起的各类振动以及螺旋桨本身发生空泡剥蚀,影响了船舶的使用性能.本文介绍了能很好降低螺旋桨激振力的最近开发的高效和低振动两个系列螺旋桨情况和一些比较试验结果.     

某货船振动特性数值计算研究

不论是远洋运输船舶还是军事舰艇,在正常航行时都不可避免的产生振动。振动会对船体造成一定的负面影响,比如检测设备的精度降低、船舶结构失效、噪声污染等。近年来,随着船载设备的精密程度和海上作业人员的舒适性要求不断提高,船舶振动性能的优劣受到了广泛重视。大型船舶是一个复杂的弹性结构件,振动的产生通常来自柴油主机、海浪和螺旋桨等方面,为了防止船舶正常运行时产生有害振动,对船舶的振动特性(固有振动频率、激振力等)进行研究具有重要的指导意义。本文利用有限元分析技术和振动数值模拟计算方法,对某货船进行振动特性分析,包括模态分析、振动激励分析等,对该货船的结构设计和减振方法有一定的指导意义。     

带螺旋桨激振力的轴系耦合纵向振动特性分析

采用CFD方法计算目标螺旋桨的敞水性能,通过Fourier变换得到轴承激振力的频域特性。结合舰艇推进轴系的一般结构形式,建立桨—轴—艇耦合系统纵向振动动力学模型,将先前计算所得的螺旋桨激励特性与振动能量传递相结合,讨论了纵向振动形式下螺旋桨激励振动功率流的传递和振动能量传递耗散的特性,从能量角度分析纵向振动在系统耦合振动中的影响,进而基于模拟工况探讨振动能量在轴系耦合振动中的传递机理。     

船舶螺旋桨诱导的脉动压力和噪声的研究

随着人们对船舶振动和噪音问题的关注,对作为引起船舶振动和噪音源之一的螺旋桨的研究也愈来愈深入。本文从螺旋桨设计及船尾流场,包括附体设计等方面,研究降低螺旋桨诱导的脉动压力及船尾噪音的途径。     

冰区航行船舶电力推进轴系机电耦合的扭振分析

通过螺旋桨桨叶与冰块的相互作用过程,建立单冰块对螺旋桨扭转振动的激励函数;同时建立机电耦合振动数学模型,推导得到机电耦联动力学方程,研究电机电磁激励力对扭转振动的影响。以3500吨科考船电力推进轴系为研究对象,基于冰载荷激励力和电磁激励力对轴系扭转振动进行分析,为复杂的船舶电力推进轴系在冰区航行时的振动研究奠定了基础。     

冰区航行船舶推进轴系扭转振动研究

本文以低速柴油机船舶推进轴系为研究对象,在对4叶螺旋桨单片桨叶与冰块相互作用激励力矩时域曲线基础之上,得到螺旋桨与冰块作用的总激励力矩时域曲线和频域曲线；采用集总参数法和系统矩阵法分别构建轴系振动模型和振动方程,对未考虑冰载荷和考虑冰载荷激励力矩作用下进行了轴系振动理论计算；同时通过实船测试验证了未考虑冰载荷激励力矩作用时振动数学模型和理论分析方法的正确性,对降低船舶轴系振动和提高船舶安全性具有一定的理论指导意义。     

船舶艉部激励耦合振动噪声机理研究进展与展望

[目的]船舶减振技术经过几十年的发展,降低艉部激励引起的桨—轴—船体振动辐射噪声成为我国现阶段船舶声隐身的紧迫任务。[方法]针对船舶艉部激励耦合振动噪声问题,从船舶螺旋桨激励力特性、桨—轴—船体耦合振动噪声特性及其控制方法 3个方面对当前研究进展与发展趋势进行综述,[结果]得到了船舶艉部激励与桨—轴—船体系统振动噪声的映射关系,并提出了针对低频振动噪声的控制方法。[结论]在此基础上对在螺旋桨非定常力测试、艉轴承摩擦诱导振动机理和桨—轴系统横向振动控制等方面提出进一步开展研究的建议。     

基于传递矩阵法的船舶推进轴振动特性研究

船舶在航行过程中,通过推进轴系实现船舶发动与推进器之间的能量传递,并通过螺旋桨产生的推动力推动船舶行进。本文利用传递矩阵法进行船舶推进轴振动特性研究,首先利用传递矩阵法计算了船舶推进轴自由振动的计算,然后在此基础上利用扩展的传递矩阵法获得了推进轴强迫振动计算,得到整个系统的累积传递矩阵。最后进行仿真实验来说明本文算法的有效性。     

基于流固耦合的船舶轴-桨耦合振动特性分析

以研究螺旋桨水动力和离心力对船舶轴-桨组合振动特性的影响为本文的研究目的,基于W o r k-bench平台,采用流固耦合有限元分析方法,进行船舶轴-桨组合模态分析.在CFX中计算螺旋桨敞水性能,并在Ansys中将螺旋桨叶面水压力和离心力作为预应力分析轴桨组合振动的固有频率和振型,比较轴系、螺旋桨单独模型和轴-桨组合模型在固有频率上的区别.计算结果表明,轴桨组合的固有频率远远低于轴系和螺旋桨独立模型的固有频率;轴-桨旋转产生的离心力对其固有频率影响不大;螺旋桨在流场中产生的水压力略微提高纵向振动固有频率,但影响很小,在实际应用中可以忽略.     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

Catalyzing Coastal Management in Kenya and Zanzibar: Building Capacity and Commitment

Site-based projects were initiated in Chawka Bay-Paje, Zanzibar, and Nyali-Bamburi-Shanzu, Kenya, to demonstrate the benefits of an integrated coastal management (ICM) approach for addressing coastal issues such as tourism development and enhancement of resource-dependent village economies in eastern Africa. A two-year, multidonor project used three primary strategies to make rapid, but sustainable, progress toward ICM. These included using interagency government teams for ICM planning, adopting an internationally recognized framework for ICM as a project ''road map,'' and explicitly incorporating capacity-building strategies into all aspects of the project. Within two years, integrated ICM action strategies, prepared through participatory processes, were being implemented at both sites, and both teams were working to expand the scale and scope of ICM in their nation. More importantly, the project helped create committed, capable, interagency groups that continue to work together to address urgent ICM issues.     

舰艇反鱼雷技术

对目前舰艇反鱼雷技术中的非杀伤、软杀伤和硬杀伤等比较先进的手段进行了阐述,并在此基础上分析研究了舰艇反鱼雷技术的发展趋势。     

A simplified method for reliability- and integrity-based design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems

This paper presents a simplified method for the reliability- and the integrity-based optimal design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems. The design of structural systems is transitioning from the conventional methods, which are based on factors of safety, to more advanced methods, which require calculation of the failure probability of the designed system for each project. Using factors of safety to account for the uncertainties in the capacity (strength) or demands can lead to systems with different reliabilities. This is because the number and arrangement of components in each system and the correlation of their responses could be different, which could affect the system reliability. The generic factors of safety that are specified at the component level do not account for such differences. Still, using factors of safety, as a measure of system safety, is preferred by many engineers because of the simplicity in their application. The aim of this paper is to provide a simplified method for design of engineering systems that directly involves the system annual failure probability as a measure of system safety, concerning system strength limit state. In this method, using results of conventional deterministic analysis, the optimality factors for an integrity-based optimal design are used instead of generic safety factors to assure the system safety. The optimality factors, which estimate the necessary change in average component capacities, are computed especially for each component and a target system annual probability of system failure using regression models that estimate the effect of short and long term extreme events on structural response. Because in practice, it is convenient to use the return period as a measure to quantify the likelihood of extreme events, the regression model in this paper is a relationship between the component demands and the annual probability density function corresponding to every return period. This method accounts for the uncertainties in the environmental loads and structural capacities, and identifies the target mean capacity of each component for maximizing its integrity and meeting the reliability requirement. In addition, because various failure modes in a structural system can lead to different consequences (including damage costs), a method is introduced to compute optimality factors for designated failure modes. By calculating the probability of system failure, this method can be used for risk-based decision-making that considers the failure costs and consequences. The proposed method can also be used on existing structures to identify the riskiest components as part of inspection and improvement planning. The proposed method is discussed and illustrated considering offshore mooring systems. However, the method is general and applicable also to other engineering systems. In the case study of this paper, the method is first used to quantify the reliability of a mooring system, then this design is revised to meet the DNV recommended annual probability of failure and for maximizing system integrity as well as for a designated failure mode in which the anchor chains are the first components to fail in the system.     

Community-Based Management for Sustainable Fisheries Resources in Phang-nga Bay,Thailand

Fishing communities, the Government of Thailand Department of Fisheries, local nongovermnental organizations, universities, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and FAO's Bay of Bengal Program have undertaken a partnership in management of Phang-nga Bay's coastal resources. It is the first project of its kind in Thailand, and although still in the early stages, offers insights that may contribute to our knowledge of how we can improve our management of coastal resources, including the importance of (1) building relationships within the governance process; (2) combining education, enforcement, and economic incentives to achieve compliance; (3) implementing solutions early; and (4) government support of community-based decisions. These insights reinforce trends emerging in other coastal management projects in the Asian region.     

含裂纹钢板复合材料修补强度和刚度数值分析

用ANSYS有限元分析软件对复合材料补片修复含边裂纹和中心裂纹钢板的强度和刚度进行了数值分析.引入相对刚度的概念,研究了钻有止裂孔裂纹的长度对损伤钢板相对刚度的影响,分析了损伤钢板刚度复合材料贴片修补效果;引入屈服载荷提高率的概念,分析了损伤钢板强度的修复效果.     

混凝土道路、堆场面层裂缝的产生与防治

从混凝土道路、堆场的各个结构层分析裂缝产生的原因,并针对性地说明预防措施,阐述裂缝维修方法。     

单相PWM整流器的建模与仿真分析

文章详细分析了单相VSR型PWM整流器的整流原理,建立了电流内环,电压外环的单相VSR型PWM整流控制器的数学模型和逻辑框图。在MATLAB／Simulink软件环境中进行了仿真,分析了模型的可行性。